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| 1 | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”显示文摘Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, S.aureus intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure. | Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，3： | 19 |
| 2 | Study of the relationship between space charge field and electrical treeing in low density polyethylene under a needle-plane electrode system显示文摘 | MASAHIRO F MITSUMASA I | 1998 | Japanese Journal of Applied Physics1998，37，7： | 1 |
| 3 | Total gastrectomy with dissection of lymph nodes along the splenic artery:a pancreaapreserving method显示文摘 | Hiroshi F Masahiro H Osamu I | 2000 | Ann Sur Oncol2000，7，9： | 1 |
| 4 | Effects on Maize Starch Properties of Heat-treatment with Water-ethanol Mixtures显示文摘 | Masahiro K Masahiro N Kiyofumi F | 1997 | Journal of Cereal Science1997，25，： | 1 |
| 5 | Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery intraarterial signal:an early sign of hyperacute cerebral ischemia显示文摘 | Keiko T Masahiro I Kunihiko F | 2001 | AJNR2001，7，： | 1 |
| 6 | The Mechanism of the Alkaline Fusion of Benzenesulfonic Acid显示文摘 | SHIGERU O NAOMICHI F MASAHIRO K | 1966 | Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan1966，9，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Preparation of hierarchical architectures of silica particles with hollowstructure and nanoparticle shells: A material for the high reflectivity of UV and visible light 显示文摘 | Masahiro F Kumi S Ikuko S | 2010 | Langmuir2010，26，9： | 1 |
| 8 | Challenging the current strategy of radiological protection of the environment: arguments for an ecosystem approach 显示文摘 | Brchignac F Masahiro Doi | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Radioactivity2009，100，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Identification of epigenetic aberrant promoter methylation in serum DNA is useful for early detection of lung cancer 显示文摘 | Keiichi F Nobukazu F Masahiro T | 2005 | Clinical Cancer Research2005，1，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Underwater explosion of spherical explosives 显示文摘 | Akio K Masahiro F Shigeru I | 1999 | Journal of Materials Processing Technology1999，85，： | 1 |
| 11 | A Pichia pastoris fermentation process for producing high levels of recombinant human cystatin-C 显示文摘 | David F Masahiro O Christine H S | 2001 | Enzyme and Microbial Technology2001，29，： | 1 |
| 12 | 显示文摘 | Masahiro F | 2008 | Journal of Thermal Spray Technology2008，17，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Reconfigurable robot platform显示文摘 | MASAHIRO F HIROAKI K KOJI K | 1999 | Robotics and Autonomous Systems1999，29，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Isolation and characterization of two luffins, protein-biosynthesis inhibitory proteins from the seeds of Luffa cylindrical 显示文摘 | MASAHIRO K HIROMI N GUNKI F | 1988 | Agri Biol Clam1988，52，： | 1 |
| 15 | Immunohistochemical analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in human neuroblastoma显示文摘 | Takahara O Masahiro F Shinkichi K | 1995 | J Pediatr Surg1995，30，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Rapid growth over 50 mm/day of water-soluble KDP crystal显示文摘 | Masahiro N Kana F Tadashi K | 1997 | Journal of Crystal Growth1997，171，： | 1 |
| 17 | Anti-invasive effect of MMI-166,a new selective matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor,in cervical carcinoma cell line显示文摘 | Masahiro I Akira N Takashi F | 2002 | Gynecologic Oncology2002，85，： | 1 |
| 18 | Cholangiolocellular Carcinoma of the Liver: CT and MR Findings显示文摘 | Yoshihiko F Masahiro H Fumilo F | 2000 | JCAT2000，24，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Photocontrolled reversible release of guest molecules from coumarinmodified mesoporous silica显示文摘 | Kishor M N Masahiro F Yuko T | 2003 | Nature2003，421，： | 1 |
| 20 | Colorreproducfion from low-SNR mulfispectml images using spafio-spectral Wiener estimation显示文摘 | M Yuri F Ken Y Masahiro | 2008 | Optics Express2008，16，6： | 1 |
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