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| 1 | Resequencing of 145 Landmark Cultivars Reveals Asymmetric Sub-genome Selection and Strong Founder Genotype Effects on Wheat Breeding in China显示文摘Controlled pedigrees and the multi-decade timescale of national crop plant breeding programs offer a unique experimental context for examining how selection affects plant genomes.More than 3000 wheat cultivars have been registered,released,and documented since 1949 in China.In this study,a set of 145 elite cultivars selected from historical points of wheat breeding in China were re-sequenced.A total of 43.75 Tb of sequence data were generated with an average read depth of 17.94x for each cultivar,and more than 60.92 million SNPs and 2.54 million InDels were captured,based on the Chinese Spring RefSeq genome v1.0.Seventy years of breeder-driven selection led to dramatic changes in grain yield and related phenotypes,with distinct genomic regions and phenotypes tar-geted by different breeders across the decades.There are very clear instances illustrating how introduced Italian and otherforeign germplasm was integrated into Chinese wheat programs and reshaped the genomic landscape of local modern cultivars.Importantly,the resequencing data also highlighted significant asymmetric breeding selec-tion among the three sub-genomes:this was evident in both the collinear blocks for homeologous chromosomes and among sets of three homeologous genes.Accumulation of more newly assembled genes in newer cultivars implied the potential value of these genes in breeding.Conserved and extended sharing of linkage disequilibrium(LD)blocks was highlighted among pedigree-related cultivars,in which fewer haplotype differences were detected.Fixation or replacement of haplotypes from founder genotypes after generations of breeding was related to their breeding value.Based on the haplotype frequency changes in LD blocks of pedigree-related cultivars,we propose a strategy for evaluating the breeding value of any given line on the basis of the accumulation(pyramiding)of bene-ficial haplotypes.Collectively,our study demonstrates the influence of 'founder genotypes' on the output of breeding efforts over many decades and also suggests that founder genotype perspectives are in fact more dy-namic when applied in the context of modern genomics-informed breeding. | Chenyang Hao Chengzhi Jiao Jian Hou Tian Li Hongxia Liu Yuquan Wang Jun Zheng Hong Liu Zhihong Bi Fengfeng Xu Jing Zhao Lin Ma Yamei Wang Uzma Majeed Xu Liu Rudi Appels Marco Maccaferri Roberto Tuberosa Hongfeng Lu Xueyong Zhang | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，12： | 9 |
| 2 | High Elevation Energy and Water Balance:the Roles of Surface Albedo and Temperature显示文摘Observation and modeling of the coupled energy and water balance is the key to understand hydrospheric and cryospheric processes at high elevation.The paper summarizes the progress to address this aspect in relation with different earth system elements,from glaciers to wetlands.The energy budget of two glaciers,i.e.Xiao Dongkemadi and Parlung No.4,was studied by means of extended field measurements and a distributed model of the coupled energy and mass balance was developed and evaluated.The need for accurate characterization of surface albedo was further documented for the entire Qinghai Tibet Plateau by numerical experiments with Weather Research and Forecast(WRF)on the sensitivity of the atmospheric boundary layer to the parameterization of land surface processes.A new approach to the calibration of a coupled distributed watershed model of the energy and water balance was demonstrated by a case study on the Heihe River Basin in northwestern China.The assimilation of land surface temperature did lead to the retrieval of critical soil and vegetation properties as the soil permeability and the canopy resistance to the exchange of vapour and carbon dioxide.The retrievals of actual Evapo-Transpiration(ET)were generated by the ETMonitor system and evaluated against eddy covariance measurements at sites spread throughout Asia.As regards glacier response to climate variability,the combined findings based on satellite data and model experiments showed that the spatial variability of surface albedo and temperature is significant and controls both glacier mass balance and flow.Experiments with both atmospheric and hydrosphere-cryosphere models documented the need and advantages of using accurate retrievals of land surface albedo to capture lan-atmosphere interactions at high elevation. | Massimo MENENTI Li JIA Marco MANCINI Xin LI Francesca PELLICCIOTTI Kun YANG Jiancheng SHI Maria Jose ESCORIHUELA Chiara CORBARI Shaoting REN Chunfeng MA Chaolei ZHENG Lian LIU Thomas SHAW Baohong DING Wei YANG | 2020 | Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science2020，3，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Quantum simulations of materials on near-term quantum computers显示文摘Quantum computers hold promise to enable efficient simulations of the properties of molecules and materials;however,at present they only permit ab initio calculations of a few atoms,due to a limited number of qubits.In order to harness the power of near-term quantum computers for simulations of larger systems,it is desirable to develop hybrid quantum-classical methods where the quantum computation is restricted to a small portion of the system.This is of particular relevance for molecules and solids where an active region requires a higher level of theoretical accuracy than its environment.Here,we present a quantum embedding theory for the calculation of strongly-correlated electronic states of active regions,with the rest of the system described within density functional theory.We demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the approach by investigating several defect quantum bits in semiconductors that are of great interest for quantum information technologies.We perform calculations on quantum computers and show that they yield results in agreement with those obtained with exact diagonalization on classical architectures,paving the way to simulations of realistic materials on near-term quantum computers. | He Ma Marco Govoni Giulia Galli | 2020 | npj Computational Materials2020，，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Relationship between ambulatory arterial stiffness index and subclinical target organ damage in hypertensive patients显示文摘 | Garcia-Gareia A Gomez Marcos MA Recio-Rodriquez JI | 2011 | Hypertens Res2011，34，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Elucidating the origins of nosocomial infections with Candida albicans by DNA fingerprinting with the complex probe Ca3显示文摘 | Lockhart SR Pfaller MA | 1999 | J Clin Microbiol1999，37，9： | 1 |
| 6 | Decrease in glutathione content in boar sperm after cryopreservation:Effect of the addition of reduced glutathione to the freezing and thawing extenders显示文摘 | Gadea J Selles E Marco MA | 2004 | Theriogenology2004，62，34： | 1 |
| 7 | Activity of MK991(L-743872), a new echinocandin, compared with those of LY303366 and four other antifungal agents tested against blood stream isolates of Candida spp显示文摘 | Marco F Pfaller MA Messer SA | 1998 | Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis1998，32，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Male systemic lupus erythemato- sus in a Latin-American inception cohort of 1214 patients显示文摘 | Garcia MA Marcos JC Marcos AI | 2005 | Lupus2005，14，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Ecological aspects of influenza A virus circulation in wild birds of the western palearctic显示文摘 | Delogu M De Marco MA Donatelli I | 2003 | Veterinary Research Communications2003，27，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Oxygen concentration deter- mines the biological effects of NOTCH-1 signaling in adenocarcinoma of the lung显示文摘 | Chen Y De Marco MA Graziani I | 2007 | Cancer Res2007，67，17： | 1 |
| 11 | Etiology of communi- ty-acquired pneumonia, impact of age, comorbidity, and se- verity显示文摘 | Ruiz M Ewig S Marcos MA | 1999 | Am J Respir Criti Care Med1999，160，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Long-term Monitoring for avian influenza viruses in wild bird species in Italy显示文摘 | De Marco MA Foni E Campitelli L | 2003 | Veterinary Research Communications2003，27，： | 1 |
| 13 | Can variation in aquaporin 4 gene be associated with different outcomes in traumatic brain edema显示文摘 | Romeiro RR Romano-Silva MA De Marco L | 2007 | Neurosci Lett2007，426，： | 1 |
| 14 | Assessment of the usefulness of sputum culture for diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia using the PORT predictive scoring system显示文摘 | Garcla-Vazquez E Marcos MA Mensa J | 2004 | Ar- chives of Internal Medicine2004，164，16： | 1 |
| 15 | A urate gene-by-diuretic interaction and gout risk in participants with hypertension:results from the ARIC study显示文摘 | Mc Adams-De Marco MA Maynard JW Baer AN | 2013 | Ann Rheum Dis2013，72，5： | 1 |
| 16 | The predictive value of porcineseminal parameters on fertility outcome under commercial condi-tions显示文摘 | Gadea J Selles E Marco MA | 2004 | Reprod Dom Anim2004，，39： | 1 |
| 17 | In vitro activity of a new triazole antifungal agent, Sch 56592, against clinical isolates of filamentous fungi 显示文摘 | Marco F Pfaller MA Messer SA | 1998 | Mycopathologia1998，141，2： | 1 |
| 18 | In vitro activity of two echinocandin derivatives,LY303366 and MK20991(L2743,792),against clinical isolates of Aspergillus,Fusarium,Rhi2zopus and other filamentous fungi显示文摘 | Pfallwer MA Marco F Messer SA | 1998 | Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis1998，30，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Etiology of communityacquired pneumonia: impact of age, comorbidity, and severity显示文摘 | Ruiz M Ewig S Marcos MA | 1999 | Am J Respir Crit Care Med1999，160，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Milbemectin Resistance in Tetranychus urticae(Acari: Tetranychidag): Selection, Stabilityand Cross-resistance to Abamectin显示文摘 | ROBERTO L N MA'RIO E S MARCOS Z D | 2010 | J Exp Appl Acarol2010，50，： | 1 |
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