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| 1 | Circulating adhesion molecules in patients with virus-related chronic diseases of the liver显示文摘AIM: In the inflammatory state, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) play a key role in promoting migration of immunological cells from the circulation to target site.Aim of our study was to investigate soluble forms of these molecules in patients with virus-related chronic liver diseases, to assess their behavior in different pathologies and correlation with severity of liver damage.METHODS: Circulating ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were assayed by EIA commercial kits (R&D System Co.,Abington, UK) in 23 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CH), 50 subjects affected by liver cirrhosis (LC) and 15 healthy controls comparable for sex and age. In patients, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were also detected by autoanalyzer.RESULTS: LC patients had significantly higher ICAM-1 values than CH patients (38.56±7.4 ng/mL vs 20.89±6.42 ng/mL; P<0.001) and these ones had significantly higher values than controls (12.92±1.08 ng/mL; P<0.001). In CH group, ICAM-1 levels were significantly related to inflammatory activity (P= 0.041) and ALT values (r= 0.77;P<0.05). VCAM-1 values were significantly increased only in LC patients (P<0.001) and related to severity of liver impairment.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the determination of serum ICAM-1 can be considered as an additional useful marker of hepatocellular necrosis and inflammatory activity in chronic hepatitis, while serum VCAM-1 is an indicator of liver fibrogenesis and severity of disease in cirrhosis. | Cosimo Marcello Bruno Claudio Sciacca Danila Cilio Gaetano Bertino Anna Elisa Marchese Gaetana Politi Lucia Chinnici | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，29： | 19 |
| 2 | Management of duodenal stump fistula after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: Systematic review显示文摘AIM: To identify the most effective treatment of duodenalstump fistula(DSF) after gastrectomy for gastric cancer.METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed. Pub Med, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CILEA Archive, BMJ Clinical Evidence and Up To Date databases were analyzed. Three hundred eighty-eight manuscripts were retrieved and analyzed and thirteen studies published between 1988 and 2014 were finally selected according to the inclusion criteria, for a total of 145 cases of DSF, which represented our group of study. Only patients with DSF after gastrectomy for malignancy were selected. Data about patients' characteristics, type of treatment, short and long-term outcomes were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: In the 13 studies different types of treatment were proposed: conservative approach, surgical approach, percutaneous approach and endoscopic approach(3 cases). The overall mortality rate was 11.7% for the entire cohort. The more frequent complications were sepsis, abscesses, peritonitis, bleeding, pneumonia and multi-organ failure. Conservative approach was performed in 6 studies for a total of 79 patients, in patients with stable general condition, often associated with percutaneous approach. A complete resolution of the leakage was achieved in 92.3% of these patients, with a healing time ranging from 17 to 71 d. Surgical approach included duodenostomy, duodenojejunostomy, pancreatoduodenectomy and the use of rectus muscle flap. In-hospital stay of patients who underwent relaparotomy ranged from 1 to 1035 d. The percutaneous approach included drainage of abscesses or duodenostomy(32 cases) and percutaneous biliary diversion(13 cases). The median healing time in this group was 43 d. CONCLUSION: Conservative approach is the treatment of choice, eventually associated with percutaneus drainage. Surgical approach should be reserved for severe cases or when conservative approaches fail. | Paolo Aurello Dario Sirimarco Paolo Magistri NiccolòPetrucciani Giammauro Berardi Silvia Amato Marcello Gasparrini Francesco D’Angelo Giuseppe Nigri Giovanni Ramacciato | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，24： | 19 |
| 3 | Radiofrequency ablation for treatment of hypersplenism: A feasible therapeutic option显示文摘We present a case of a patient with hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension due to hepato-splenic schistosomiasis, which was accompanied by severe and refractory thrombocytopenia. We performed spleen ablation and measured the total spleen and ablated volumes with contrast-enhanced computed tomography and volumetry. No major complications occurred, thrombocytopenia was resolved, and platelet levels remained stable, which allowed for early treatment of the patient's underlying disease. Previous work has shown that splenic radiofrequency ablation is an attractive alternative treatment for hypersplenism induced by liver cirrhosis. We aimed to contribute to the currently sparse literature evaluating the role of radiofrequency ablation(RFA) in the management of hypersplenism. We conclude that splenic RFA appears to be a viable and promising option for the treatment of hypersplenism. | Guilherme Lopes P Martins Joao Paulo G Bernardes Marcello S Rovella Raphael G Andrade Publio Cesar C Viana Paulo Herman Giovanni Guido Cerri Marcos Roberto Menezes | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，20： | 17 |
| 4 | Current position of ALPPS in the surgical landscape of CRLM treatment proposals显示文摘The Authors summarize problems,criticisms but also advantages and indications regarding the recent surgical proposal of associating liver partition and portal vein ligation(PVL)for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)for the surgical management of colorectal liver metastases.Looking at published data,the technique,when compared with other traditional and well established methods such as PVL/portal vein embolisation(PVE),seems to give real advantages in terms of volumetric gain of future liver remnant.However,major concerns are raised in the literature and some questions remain unanswered,preliminary experiences seem to be promising.The method has been adopted all over the world over the last 2 years,even if oncological long-term results remain unknown,and benefit for patients is questionable.No prospective studies comparing traditional methods(PVE,PVL or classical 2 staged hepatectomy)with ALPPS are available to date.Technical reinterpretations of the original method were also proposed in order to enhance feasability and increase safety of the technique.More data about morbidity and mortality are also expected.The real role of ALPPS is,to date,still to be established.Large clinical studies,even if,for ethical reasons,in well selected cohorts of patients,are expected to better define the indications for this new surgical strategy. | Marcello Donati Gregor A Stavrou Karl J Oldhafer | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，39： | 16 |
| 5 | Summary evidence on the effects of varicocele treatment to improve natural fertility in subfertile men显示文摘这评论的目的是有关精索静脉曲张处理的利益总结证据在 subfertile 男性改进自然富饶。我们也在常规精液参数和精子上分析了精索静脉曲张处理的效果功能的测试。收集数据的电子搜索用 PubMed/MEDLINE 数据库被执行直到 2015 年 7 月。从许多学习图案分享的数据显示 varicocelectomy 不管选择外科的方法与临床的精索静脉曲张和反常精液参数在对待的人的多数改进精液参数。外科的精索静脉曲张修理不仅为减轻氧化联系压力的不孕而且到是有益的改进精子原子 DNA 完整。然而,在精子 DNA 完整给效果尺寸的低大小,进一步的研究被需要阐明它的临床的意义。自然生育力上的精索静脉曲张治疗的效果上的冲突结果似乎由于异构的学习图案并且,更重要地,耐心的选择标准。当这些问题被控制时,当前的证据显示无临床症状的精索静脉曲张的治疗没被保证,当它不似乎改进富饶。相反,公平证据显示精索静脉曲张治疗应该与摸得出的精索静脉曲张和反常精液参数被提供给不肥沃的病人。这条证据支持美国 Urological 协会和泌尿学的欧洲协会发出的当前的指南,它声明精索静脉曲张治疗应该被提供给与临床的精索静脉曲张和精液参数改变为评估介绍的不肥沃的夫妇的男搭挡。 | Bruno C Tiseo Sandro C Esteves Marcello S Cocuzza | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，2： | 16 |
| 6 | Genetic background in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A comprehensive review显示文摘In the Western world, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is considered as one of the most significant liver diseases of the twenty-first century. Its development is certainly driven by environmental factors, but it is also regulated by genetic background. The role of heritability has been widely demonstratedby several epidemiological, familial, and twin studies and case series, and likely reflects the wide interindividual and inter-ethnic genetic variability in systemic metabolism and wound healing response processes. Consistent with this idea, genome-wide association studies have clearly identified Patatin-like phosholipase domain-containing 3 gene variant I148 M as a major player in the development and progression of NAFLD. More recently, the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 E167 K variant emerged as a relevant contributor in both NAFLD pathogenesis and cardiovascular outcomes. Furthermore, numerous casecontrol studies have been performed to elucidate the potential role of candidate genes in the pathogenesis and progression of fatty liver, although findings are sometimes contradictory. Accordingly, we performed a comprehensive literature search and review on the role of genetics in NAFLD. We emphasize the strengths and weaknesses of the available literature and outline the putative role of each genetic variant in influencing susceptibility and/or progression of the disease. | Fabio Salvatore Macaluso Marcello Maida Salvatore Petta | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，39： | 14 |
| 7 | 扬子地台与华南南盘江盆地大贵州滩三叠系沉积演化史(英文)显示文摘扬子地台是一个横跨华南地块的以浅海沉积为主的大型碳酸盐岩台地,南盘江盆地是发育在扬子地台碳酸盐岩台地背景之上的一个沉积盆地,从晚元古代到晚三叠世长期海相沉积演化历史中,扬子地台—南盘江盆地体系经历了多次重要的构造演化阶段。扬子地台从晚元古代到早三叠世末期一直保持为一个稳定的碳酸盐岩台地,在中三叠世末期扬子地块整体抬升,海平面下降,形成了遍及扬子主体的拉丁期大海退,从而使扬子地块大部分地区抬升为陆。南盘江盆地位于华南地块南缘,从晚元古代到晚三叠世沉积了一套厚度巨大的海相碳酸盐岩,晚三叠世发育了一套硅质碎屑的浊流沉积,区域沉积也由此转化为河流相沉积。二叠纪和三叠纪碳酸盐岩地层记录了碳酸盐岩台地长期演化历史及其特征多样的沉积建造和沉积环境,而硅质碎屑流和构造沉降速率的变化反映了盆地在三叠纪期间经历的聚合构造和前陆盆地发展过程。在三叠纪时期扬子地台沿西南—北东方向从云南围绕南盘江盆地向贵州延伸,在南盘江盆地中发育了几个孤立的碳酸盐岩台地,包括位于贵州南部和广西境内的大贵州滩和崇左—平果台地。南盘江盆地在晚二叠世发生过一次区域性的海侵事件,早三叠世时期扬子地台和几个孤立台地为由鲕粒边滩组成的低角度斜坡,中三叠世(安尼期)变为由Tubiphytes边礁组成的陡倾斜坡。盆地范围内斜坡变陡激发了Tubiphytes礁和其它的生物体发育,而且它们组成了稳定碳酸盐岩台地的边缘。位于扬子地台西部地区的关林和贞丰一带与最北部的孤立台地(大贵州滩)在安尼期发育了陡倾的边礁。在拉丁期,扬子地台在关林一带进积并与盆地碎屑沉积互层穿插沉积,而位于贞丰的台地边缘出现了由断层控制的地貌特征。与此同时,扬子地台东部(贵阳)由侵蚀滑塌边缘变为进积边缘,向盆地内部进积充填形成了超过600 m的碎屑沉积。但是,与扬子地台不同,位于最北部的孤立台地(大贵州滩)在拉丁期由加积边缘礁变为起伏明显的侵蚀陡崖和饥饿盆地边缘。晚三叠世(卡尼期)扬子地台西部下沉并被晚三叠世浊流沉积埋藏,而扬子地台东部地区在被硅质碎屑沉积埋藏之前持续沉积了一套浅水碳酸盐岩沉积。孤立台地为从南到北逐渐变陡的边缘沉积,而且发育了多个小丘,其中南部地区早期沉降后来被硅质碎屑沉积埋藏,而北部地区到后期下沉。与扬子地台西部一样,最北部的孤立台地(大贵州滩)在晚三叠世下降被碎屑沉积埋藏。以上这种差异源于华南地块南缘因构造聚合作用导致的盆地南部地区不同沉降速率。大贵州滩是盆地中演化历史最长的孤立台地,穿过大贵州滩孤立台地内部和边缘的两条正交剖面显示出了一个被断层切断的向斜构造,这样就很容易识别其沉积建造特征及演化历史。大贵州滩发育的整合的二叠系—三叠系界线剖面以及从早三叠世到中三叠世生物复苏阶段连续的巨厚沉积,使其成为一个研究二叠世末期生物大绝灭期间的海相环境以及生物生态条件最为理想的地区。 | Daniel J Lehrmann Marcello Minzoni Paul Enos 喻美艺 魏家庸 李荣西 | 2009 | 地球科学与环境学报2009，31，4： | 14 |
| 8 | Evaluation of thermal water in patients with functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome accompanying constipation显示文摘瞄准:与机能性消化不良或伴随占优势的便秘的急躁的肠症候群(IBS ) 在病人评估水补充治疗的功效。方法:有机能性消化不良的 3872 个病人和有急躁的肠症候群的 3609 个病人的一个总数被 18 个 Italina 热中心在学习注册。病人们为 21 d 经历了热治疗的第一个周期。一年以后,病人们在一样的中心被重新估计并且收到了热治疗的另一个周期。在社会、职业的地位,家庭和病理学的病历,生活方式,临床的记录,福利的利用和健康结构和设备上收集个人数据的一张问询表在各热的治疗以后在基础时间和一年予每个病人被以。有机能性消化不良的六十个病人并且 20 由呼吸测试分析与 IBS 和 80 健康控制收到了胃的输出和 oro 盲肠的运输时间的评估。呼吸测试在基础时间并且在水补充治疗以后被执行。胃肠的症状同时被评估点。呼吸样品与集体 spectometer 和 gascromatograph 被分析。结果为呼吸测试的 octanoic 和 lactulose 呼吸测试的同样 oro 盲肠的运输时间被表示为 T (1/2 ) 和 T 落后。结果:症状的流行的重要减小在热治疗的第一和第二个周期的结束被观察在消化不良并且 IBS 病人。变化的分析出现了一真实并且在所有病人坚持症状的蚂蚁改进。在为 3 wk 的水补充以后,胃的输出的减小在 49 被观察(87.5%) 56 个消化不良的病人。T (1/2 ) 和 T 落后显著地与基础价值相比在治疗以后被减少[91 +/- 12 T (1/2 ) 和 53 +/- 11 (T 落后) ,搁置 1 和 2 ] 与类似于健康题目的 octanoic 呼吸测试的结果。在为 3 wk 的水补充以后, oro 盲肠的运输时间在学习的开始是比那短的。结论:为伴随 IBS 的机能性消化不良或便秘的矿水补充治疗能改进胃的酸输出和肠的运输时间。 | Giovanni Gasbarrini Marcello Candelli RiccardoGiuseppe Graziosetto Sergio Coccheri Ferdinando Di Iorio Giuseppe Nappi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，16： | 12 |
| 9 | Cystic echinococcosis of the liver: A primer for hepatologists显示文摘Cystic echinococcosis(CE) is a complex, chronic and neglected disease with a worldwide distribution. The liver is the most frequent location of parasitic cysts. In humans, its clinical spectrum ranges from asymptom-atic infection to severe, potentially fatal disease. Four approaches exist in the clinical management of CE: surgery, percutaneous techniques and drug treatment for active cysts, and the 'watch and wait' approach for inactive cysts. Allocation of patients to these treat-ments should be based on cyst stage, size and location, available clinical expertise, and comorbidities. However, clinical decision algorithms, efficacy, relapse rates, and costs have never been properly evaluated. This paper reviews recent advances in classification and diagnosisand the currently available evidence for clinical deci-sion-making in cystic echinococcosis of the liver. | Francesca Rinaldi Enrico Brunetti Andreas Neumayr Marcello Maestri Samuel Goblirsch Francesca Tamarozzi | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，5： | 12 |
| 10 | Staging systems of hepatocellular carcinoma:A review of literature显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a major health problem with a high incidence and mortality all over the world.Natural history of HCC is severe and extremely variable,and prognostic factors influencing outcomes are incompletely defined.Over time,many staging and scoring systems have been proposed for the classification and prognosis of patients with HCC.Currently,the non-ideal predictive performance of existing prognostic systems is secondary to their inherent limitations,as well as to a non-universal reproducibility and transportability of the results in different populations.New serological and histological markers are still under evaluation with promising results,but they require further evaluation and external validation.The aim of this review is to highlight the main tools for assessing the prognosis of HCC and the main concerns,pitfalls and warnings regarding its staging systems currently in use. | Marcello Maida Emanuele Orlando Calogero Cammà Giuseppe Cabibbo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，15： | 11 |
| 11 | untreatable hepatocellular 癌的自然历史: 回顾的队研究显示文摘 AIM:To investigate the clinical course of untreatable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) identified at any stage and to identify factors associated with mortality.METHODS:From January 1999 to December 2010,320 out of 825 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of HCC and not appropriate for curative or palliative treatments were followed and managed with supportive therapy.Cirrhosis was diagnosed by histological or clinical features and liver function was evaluated according to Child-Pugh score.The diagnosis of HCC was performed by Ultra-Sound guided biopsy or by multiphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography or gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.Data were collected for each patient including all clinical,laboratory and imaging variables necessary for the outcome prediction staging systems considered.HCC staging was performed according Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC) and Cancer of the Liver Italian Program scores.Follow-up time was defined as the number of months from the diagnosis of HCC to death.Prognostic baseline variables were analyzed by multivariate Cox analysis to identify the independent predictors of survival.RESULTS:Seventy-five per cent of patients had hepatitis C.Ascites was present in 169 patients(53%),while hepatic encephalopathy was present in 49 patients(15%).The Child-Pugh score was class A in 105 patients(33%),class B in 142 patients(44%),and class C in 73 patients(23%).One hundred patients(31%) had macroscopic vascular invasion and/or extrahepatic spread of the tumor.A single lesion > 10 cm was observed in 34 patients(11%),while multinodular HCC was present in 189 patients(59%).Thirty nine patients(12%) were BCLC early(A) stage,55(17%) were BCLC intermediate(B) stage,124(39%) were BCLC advanced(C) stage,and 102(32%) were endstage BCLC(D).At the time of this analysis(July 2011),28(9%) patients were still alive.Six(2%) patients who were lost during follow-up were censored at the last visit.The overall median survival was 6.8 mo,and the 1-year survival was 32%.The 1-year survival according to BCLC classes was 100%,79%,12% and 0%,for BCLC A,B,C and D,respectively.There was a significant difference in survival between each BCLC class.The median survival of patients of BCLC stages A,B,C and D was 33,17.4,6.9,and 1.8 mo,respectively(P < 0.05 for comparison between stages).The median survival of Child-Pugh A,B and C classes were 9.8 mo(range 6.4-13),6.1(range 4.9-7.3),and 3.7(range 1.5-6),respectively(P < 0.05 for comparison between stages).By univariate analysis,the variables significantly associated to an increased liklihood of mortality were Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status(PS),presence of ascites,low level of albumin,elevated level of bilirubin,international normalized ratio(INR) and Log-[(α fetoprotein(AFP)].At multivariate analysis,mortality was independently predicted by bad PS(P < 0.0001),high INR values(P = 0.0001) and elevated Log-(AFP) levels(P = 0.009).CONCLUSION:This study confirms the heterogeneous behavior of untreated HCC.BCLC staging remains an important prognostic guide and may be important in decision-making for palliative treatment. | Giuseppe Cabibbo Marcello Maida Chiara Genco Pietro Parisi Marco Peralta Michela Antonucci Giuseppe Brancatelli Calogero Cammà Antonio Craxì Vito Di Marco | 2012 | World Journal of Hepatology2012，4，9： | 11 |
| 12 | Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges显示文摘Human bocavirus(HBoV) is a parvovirus isolated about a decade ago and found worldwide in both respiratory samples, mainly from early life and children of 6-24 mo of age with acute respiratory infection, and in stool samples, from patients with gastroenteritis. Since then, other viruses related to the first HBoV isolate(HBoV 1), namely HBoV 2, HBoV 3 and HBoV 4, have been detected principally in human faeces. HBo Vs are small nonenveloped single-stranded DNA viruses of about 5300 nucleotides, consisting of three open reading frames encoding the first two the non-structural protein 1(NS1) and nuclear phosphoprotein(NP1) and the third the viral capsid proteins 1 and 2(VP1 and VP2). HBoV pathogenicity remains to be fully clarified mainly due to the lack of animal models for the difficulties in replicating the virus in in vitro cell cultures, and the fact that HBo V infection is frequently accompanied by at least another viral and/or bacterial respiratory and/or gastroenteric pathogen infection. Current diagnostic methods to support HBoV detection include polymerase chain reaction, real-time PCR, enzymelinked immunosorbent assay and enzyme immunoassay using recombinant VP2 or virus-like particle capsid proteins, although sequence-independent amplification techniques combined with next-generation sequencing platforms promise rapid and simultaneous detection of the pathogens in the future. This review presents the current knowledge on HBoV genotypes with emphasis on taxonomy, phylogenetic relationship and genomic analysis, biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnostic methods. The emerging discussion on HBoV s as true pathogen or innocent bystander is also emphasized. | Marcello Guido Maria Rosaria Tumolo Tiziano Verri Alessandro Romano Francesca Serio Mattia De Giorgi Antonella De Donno Francesco Bagordo Antonella Zizza | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，39： | 11 |
| 13 | Hepatocellular carcinoma in viral and autoimmune liver diseases:Role of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+regulatory T cells in the immune microenvironment显示文摘More than 90%of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)occurs in patients with cirrhosis,of which hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus are the leading causes,while the tumor less frequently arises in autoimmune liver diseases.Advances in understanding tumor immunity have led to a major shift in the treatment of HCC,with the emergence of immunotherapy where therapeutic agents are used to target immune cells rather than cancer cells.Regulatory T cells(Tregs)are the most abundant suppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment and their presence has been correlated with tumor progression,invasiveness,as well as metastasis.Tregs are characterized by the expression of the transcription factor Foxp3 and various mechanisms ranging from cell-to-cell contact to secretion of inhibitory molecules have been implicated in their function.Notably,Tregs amply express checkpoint molecules such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 and programmed cell-death 1 receptor and therefore represent a direct target of immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)immunotherapy.Taking into consideration the critical role of Tregs in maintenance of immune homeostasis as well as avoidance of autoimmunity,it is plausible that targeting of Tregs by ICI immunotherapy results in the development of immune-related adverse events(irAEs).Since the use of ICI becomes common in oncology,with an increasing number of new ICI currently under clinical trials for cancer treatment,the occurrence of irAEs is expected to dramatically rise.Herein,we review the current literature focusing on the role of Tregs in HCC evolution taking into account their opposite etiological function in viral and autoimmune chronic liver disease,and we discuss their involvement in irAEs due to the new immunotherapies. | Alessandro Granito Luigi Muratori Claudine Lalanne Chiara Quarneti Silvia Ferri Marcello Guidi Marco Lenzi Paolo Muratori | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，22： | 11 |
| 14 | Early-onset colorectal cancer:A sporadic or inherited disease?显示文摘Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed worldwide.Although epidemiology data show a marked variability around the world,its overall incidence rate shows a slow but steady decrease,mainly in developed countries.Conversely,early-onset colorectal cancer appears to display an opposite trend with an overall prevalence in United States and European Union ranging from 3.0% and 8.6%.Colorectal cancer has a substantial proportion of familial cases.In particular,early age at onset is especially suggestive of hereditary predisposition.The clinicopathological and molecular features of colorectal cancer cases show a marked heterogeneity not only between early- and late-onset cases but also within the early-onset group.Two distinct subtypes of early-onset colorectal cancers can be identified:a 'sporadic' subtype,usually without family history,and an inherited subtype arising in the context of well defined hereditary syndromes.The pathogenesis of the early-onset disease is substantially well characterized in the inherited subtype,which is mainly associated to the Lynch syndrome and occasionally to other rare mendelian diseases,whereas in the 'sporadic' subtype the origin of the disease may be attributed to the presence of various common/rare genetic variants,so far largely unidentified,displaying variable penetrance.These variants are thought to act cumulatively to increase the risk of colorectal cancer,and presumably to also anticipate its onset.Efforts are ongoing in the attempt to unravel the intricate genetic basis of this 'sporadic' early-onset disease.A better knowledge of molecular entities and pathways may impact on family-tailored prevention and clinical management strategies. | Vittoria Stigliano Lupe Sanchez-Mete Aline Martayan Marcello Anti | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，35： | 10 |
| 15 | Focus on emerging drugs for the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become the most common liver disorder in Western countries and is increasingly being recognized in developing nations.Fatty liver disease encompasses a spectrum of hepatic pathology,ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma and end-stage liver disease.Moreover,NAFLD is often associated with other metabolic conditions,such as diabetes mellitus type 2,dyslipidemia and visceral obesity.The most recent guidelines suggest the management and treatment of patients with NAFLD considering both the liver disease and the associated metabolic co-morbidities.Diet and physical exercise are considered the first line of treatment for patients with NAFLD,but their results on therapeutic efficacy are often contrasting.Behavior therapy is necessary most of the time to achieve a sufficient result.Pharmacological therapy includes a wide variety of classes of molecules with different therapeutic targets and,often,little evidence supporting the real efficacy.Despite the abundance of clinical trials,NAFLD therapy remains a challenge for the scientific community,and there are no licensed therapies for NAFLD.Urgently,new pharmacological approaches are needed.Here,we will focus on the challenges facing actual therapeutic strategies and the most recent investigated molecules. | Alessandro Federico Claudio Zulli Ilario de Sio Anna Del Prete Marcello Dallio Mario Masarone Carmela Loguercio | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，45： | 10 |
| 16 | Pathophysiology and biology of peritoneal carcinomatosis显示文摘Peritoneal carcinomatosis represents a devastating form of cancer progression with a very poor prognosis.Its complex pathogenesis is represented by a dynamic process comprising several steps.To the best of our knowledge pathogenesis can be partly explained by 3 major molecular pathways: (1) dissemination from the primary tumor;(2) primary tumor of peritoneum;and (3) independent origins of the primary tumor and peritoneal implants.These are not mutually exclusive and combinations of different mechanisms could occur inside a single case.There are still several aspects which need explanation by future studies.A comprehensive understanding of molecular events involved in peritoneal carcinomatosis is of paramount importance and should be systematically pursued not only to identify novel strategies for the prevention of the condition,but also to obtain therapeutic advances,through the identification of surrogate markers of prognosis and development of future molecular targeted therapies. | Shigeki Kusamura Dario Baratti Nadia Zaffaroni Raffaella Villa Barbara Laterza Maria Rosaria Balestra Marcello Deraco | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2010，2，1： | 8 |
| 17 | Clinical expression of insulin resistance in hepatitis C and B virus-related chronic hepatitis:Differences and similarities显示文摘AIM:To investigate the prevalence of the clinical parameters of insulin resistance and diabetes in patients affected by chronic hepatitis C(CHC) or chronic hepatitis B(CHB) . METHODS:We retrospectively evaluated 852 consecutive patients(726 CHC and 126 CHB) who had undergone liver biopsy.We recorded age,sex,ALT,type 2 diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome(MS) ,body mass index(BMI) ,and apparent disease duration(ADD) . RESULTS:Age,ADD,BMI,prevalence of MS and diabetes in patients with mild/moderate liver fibrosis were significantly higher in CHC.However,the degree of steatosis and liver fibrosis evaluated in liver biopsies did not differ between CHC and CHB patients.At multivariate analysis,age,sex,BMI,ALT and diabetes were independent risk factors for liver fibrosis in CHC,whereas only age was related to liver fibrosis in CHB. We also evaluated the association between significant steatosis(>30%) and age,sex,BMI,diabetes,MS and liver fibrosis.Diabetes,BMI and liver fibrosis were associated with steatosis>30%in CHC,whereas only age and BMI were related to steatosis in CHB. CONCLUSION:These data may indicate that hepatitis C virus infection is a risk factor for insulin resistance. | Marcello Persico Mario Masarone Vincenzo La Mura Eliana Persico Francesco Moschella Monica Svelto Savino Bruno Roberto Torella | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，4： | 8 |
| 18 | Second line systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma: Reasons for the failure显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the main cause of death in patients with cirrhosis, with an increasing incidence worldwide. Sorafenib is the choice therapy for advanced HCC. Over time several randomized phase Ⅲ trials have been performed testing sunitinib, brivanib, linifanib and other molecules in head-tohead comparison with Sorafenib as first-line treatment for advanced-stage HCC, but none of these has so far been registered in this setting. Moreover, another feared vacuum arises from the absence of molecules registered as second-line therapy for patients who have failed Sorafenib, representing an urgent unmet medical need. To date all molecules tested as second-line therapies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, failed to demonstrate an increased survival compared to placebo. What are the possible reasons for the failure? What we should expect in the near future? | Marcello Maida Massimo Iavarone Maurizio Raineri Calogero Cammà Giuseppe Cabibbo | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，17： | 7 |
| 19 | Metasurface interferometry toward quantum sensors显示文摘Optical metasurfaces open new avenues for the precise wavefront control of light for integrated quantum technology.Here,we demonstrate a hybrid integrated quantum photonic system that is capable of entangling and disentangling two-photon spin states at a dielectric metasurface.Via the interference of single-photon pairs at a nanostructured dielectric metasurface,a path-entangled two-photon NOON state with circular polarization that exhibits a quantum HOM interference visibility of 86±4% is generated.Furthermore,we demonstrate nonclassicality andphase sensitivity in a metasurface-based interferometer with a fringe visibility of 86.8±1.1%in the coincidence counts.This high visibility proves the metasurface-induced path entanglement inside the interferometer.Our findings provide a promising way to develop hybrid-integrated quantum technology operating in the high-dimensional mode space in various applications,such as imaging,sensing,and computing. | Philip Georgi Marcello Massaro Kai-Hong Luo Basudeb Sain Nicola Montaut Harald Herrmann Thomas Weiss Guixin Li Christine Silberhorn Thomas Zentgraf | 2019 | Light(Science & Applications)2019，8，1： | 7 |
| 20 | Insulin resistance and liver steatosis in chronic hepatitis C infection genotype 3显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is a common chronic liver disease worldwide.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance(IR) are the major determinants of fibrosis progression and response to antiviral therapy.The pathogenetic link between IR and chronic HCV infection is complex,and is associated with HCV genotype.Liver steatosis is the most common in the patients infected with genotype 3 virus,possibly due to direct effects of genotype 3 viral proteins.To the contrary,hepatic steatosis in the patients infected with other genotypes is thought to be mostly due to the changes in host metabolism,involving IR.In HCV genotype 3,liver steatosis correlates with viral load,reverts after reaching the sustained virologic response and reoccurs in the relapsers.A therapeutic strategy to improve IR and liver steatosis and subsequently the response to antiviral treatment in these patients is warranted. | Ludovico Abenavoli Mario Masarone Valentina Peta Natasa Milic Nazarii Kobyliak Samir Rouabhia Marcello Persico | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，41： | 7 |
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