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| 1 | 过瘤胃蛋白和氨基酸对奶牛、绵羊干物质采食量、消化率和生长性能的影响显示文摘数量充足和配比合理的营养对家畜生产性能起着决定性作用,其中蛋白质是动物生长发育、繁殖性能的主要限制因素之一。蛋白质的种类和水平决定着动物机体组成及日粮中必需氨基酸的供应。对反刍动物来说,蛋白质的作用是双方面,既要满足瘤胃厌氧微生物发酵的需要,又要满足动物成长的营养需要。然而,由于瘤胃的发酵作用,日粮中绝大多数蛋白质在瘤胃内被降解(称为瘤胃降解蛋白,RDP),只有小部分能通过瘤胃在小肠内吸收(称为非瘤胃降解蛋白,RUP),因此用于厌氧合成微生物蛋白的RDP以及RUP的种类决定了反刍动物日粮和机体必需氨基酸的利用率。微生物蛋白和过瘤胃蛋白决定了高产动物日粮中必需氨基酸的供应。因此,饲喂过瘤胃蛋白和氨基酸被认为是满足反刍动物生理以及生产需要的有效方法。文章综述了过瘤胃蛋白、过瘤胃赖氨酸和过瘤胃蛋氨酸在反刍动物上的应用,以及对奶牛、绵羊干物质采食量、消化率、生产性能影响的研究。蛋白质是反刍动物重要的限制性营养,由RDP和RUP组成。瘤胃微生物通过将RDP降解成小肽、氨基酸和氨等来合成微生物蛋白,其数量主要受日粮中瘤胃发酵率的制约。因此,RDP和RUP或氨基酸的供应对于满足反刍动物营养需要非常重要,尤其是对于饲喂低水平日粮的反刍动物。添加瘤胃保护蛋白和瘤胃保护氨基酸(特别是赖氨酸和蛋氨酸)能提高奶牛、绵羊的干物质采食量和消化率。同时,还能够提高生长性能、繁殖效率和产奶量。不管是单独添加,还是与赖氨酸同时添加,如果蛋氨酸的添加量大于肠道的可消化吸收量时,则有可能会产生负面影响。在奶牛泌乳早期的低蛋白水平日粮中添加蛋氨酸,能避免奶牛长期的不良反应。总而言之,反刍动物在低营养水平下添加瘤胃保护蛋白质和氨基酸,能提高饲料采食量、消化率以及生长性能。 | Ali C.S. I.Din M.Sharif M.Nisa A.Javaid N.Hashmi M.Sarwar 阳艳林 黄广明 | 2011 | 饲料与畜牧(新饲料)2011，，3： | 7 |
| 2 | Development of chemometric model for characterization of non-wood by FT-NIR data显示文摘In this study,a model for prediction of lignocellulose components of agricultural residues has been developed with Fourier Transformed Near Infrared(FT-NIR)spectroscopy data.Two calibration techniques(Principal Component Regression(PCR)and Partial Least Square Regression(PLSR))were assessed for prediction of lignin,holocellulose,α-cellulose,pentosan and ash,and found the PLSR better for lignin,holocellulose andα-cellulose.The PCR also produced better results for quantification of pentosan and ash.Spectral range(7000-5000 cm^(-1))showed more informative than other parts of the spectral data.The PLSR showed maximum value of R^(2)(R^(2)=0.91%)for prediction of holocellulose.For the prediction of pentosan,the PCR was better(R^(2)=0.68%).The PCR also showed better results(R^(2)=86%)for quantification of ash.To determine amount of lignin,the PLSR was the best(R^(2)=0.83%)when the spectral data were de-trained and smoothed with Savitzky-Golay(S-G)filtering simultaneously.For prediction ofα-cellulose,the PLSR was the best model(R^(2)=0.94%)when the data were pretreated with mean normalization.Considering the best alternatives inNear Infrared(NIR)data preprocessing and calibration techniques,methods for quantification of lignocellulose components of agricultural residues have been developed which is rapid,cost effective,and less chemical intensive and easily usable in pulp and paper industries and pulp testing laboratories. | Mohammad Nashir Uddin Taslima Ferdous Zahidul Islam M.Sarwar Jahan M.A.Quaiyyum | 2020 | Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts2020，5，3： | 0 |
| 3 | Variation of chemical characteristics and pulpability of dhaincha(Sesbania bispinosa)on location显示文摘Dhaincha(Sesbania bispinosa(Jacq.)Wight)is a crop generally cultivated for improving soil quality.Due to the lack of forest worldwide,alternative source of raw materials for cellulose industries is the main concern today.In this investigation,dhaincha samples of 21 accessions were collected from different districts of Bangladesh in order to study the variation of chemical characteristics and its pulpability.The lignin,pentosan andα-cellulose content were varied from 21 to 23%,16 to 18%and 38 to 43%,respectively.The highest and lowestα-cellulose contents were found in two location of Mymensingh district.There was no correlation was found among the districts.Therefore,pulping of dhaincha from selected seven districts was carried out in kraft process at the conditions of 18%active alkali at 170℃ for 2 h.But the pulping properties did not show any mentionable distinction for place variation.Average pulp yield is 42.9%with kappa number 11.The highest brightness 85%was reached with D_(0)E_(p)D_(1)bleaching.The papermaking properties were very close to the conventional raw materials used in Bangladesh.Therefore,dhaincha can be used as a raw material for pulp production in Bangladesh. | Mamon Sarkar Shrikanta Sutradhar AKM Golam Sarwar M.Nashir Uddin Sontosh C.Chanda M.Sarwar Jahan | 2017 | Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts2017，2，1： | 0 |
| 4 | Soda pulping of umbrella palm grass (cyperus flabettiformic)显示文摘Chemical,morphological and anatomical characteristics of Cyperus flabettiformic were evaluated.It is characterized with lowα-cellulose(32.2%)and moderate lignin(24.0%)content.Fiber length of C.flabettiformic was shorter(0.94mm)but slender ratio was extremely high(166).Anatomically,this grass is constituted by homogeneous parenchyma cells and the vascular bundles(11.8%).Delignification of C.flabettiformic was carried out by conventional soda pulping under varying alkali charge,time and liquor to material ratio at the boiling temperature.Total pulp yield was 55.0%with kappa number 15.5 at the cooking conditions of 12%alkali charge,2 h of cooking and liquor to material ratio 10:1.Multivariate data analysis was used to evaluate the influence of alkali charge,cooking time and liquor ratio on pulp yield and kappa number.Alkali charge had a significant effect on pulp yield and kappa number.PLSR model showed better prediction efficiencies for pulp yield and PCR model performed better prediction for kappa number.Initial drainage resistance and papermaking properties of C.flabettiformic pulp were higher than other nonwood. | M.Sarwar Jahan M.Nashir Uddin Asif Rahman M.Mostafizur Rahman M.Nurul Amin | 2016 | Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts2016，1，2： | 0 |
| 5 | 肉鸡日粮电解质平衡与热应激的关系显示文摘现代快大型肉鸡在抵抗热应激方面存在诸多问题。肉鸡生长速度的不断提高导致其机体产生的热量也逐渐增加。而与此同时,全球的环境温度也呈上升的趋势。这就要求我们采用经济有效的方法以增强高温环境下肉鸡的耐热性,保证其生产性能不受影响,这其中一项重要措施--调整日粮配方不能被忽略。本专题从日粮中氨基酸营养与电解质平衡两个方面探讨了热应激对肉鸡的影响,供广大读者参考。 | T.Ahmad M.Sarwar 吴云良 | 2007 | 中国家禽2007，29，16： | 0 |
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