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| 1 | Chromosome-scale scaffolding of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) genome based on chromatin interaction data显示文摘Black raspberry(Rubus occidentalis L.)is a niche fruit crop valued for its flavor and potential health benefits.The improvement of fruit and cane characteristics via molecular breeding technologies has been hindered by the lack of a high-quality reference genome.The recently released draft genome for black raspberry(ORUS 4115-3)lacks assembly of scaffolds to chromosome scale.We used high-throughput chromatin conformation capture(Hi-C)and Proximity-Guided Assembly(PGA)to cluster and order 9650 out of 11,936 contigs of this draft genome assembly into seven pseudo-chromosomes.The seven pseudo-chromosomes cover~97.2%of the total contig length(~223.8 Mb).Locating existing genetic markers on the physical map resolved multiple discrepancies in marker order on the genetic map.Centromeric regions were inferred from recombination frequencies of genetic markers,alignment of 303 bp centromeric sequence with the PGA,and heat map showing the physical contact matrix over the entire genome.We demonstrate a high degree of synteny between each of the seven chromosomes of black raspberry and a high-quality reference genome for strawberry(Fragaria vesca L.)assembled using only PacBio long-read sequences.We conclude that PGA is a cost-effective and rapid method of generating chromosome-scale assemblies from Illumina short-read sequencing data. | Rubina Jibran Helge Dzierzon Nahla Bassil Jill M.Bushakra Patrick P.Edger Shawn Sullivan Chad E.Finn Michael Dossett Kelly J.Vining Robert VanBuren Todd C.Mockler Ivan Liachko Kevin M.Davies Toshi M.Foster David Chagné | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 4 |
| 2 | Attention sports fans! The far-reaching contributions of bud sport mutants to horticulture and plant biology显示文摘A bud sport is a lateral shoot,inflorescence or single flower/fruit with a visibly different phenotype from the rest of the plant.The new phenotype is often caused by a stable somatic mutation in a single cell that is passed on to its clonal descendants and eventually populates part or all of a meristem.In many cases,a bud sport can be vegetatively propagated,thereby preserving the novel phenotype without sexual reproduction.Bud sports provide new characteristics while retaining the desirable qualities of the parent plant,which is why many bud sports have been developed into popular cultivars.We present an overview of the history of bud sports,the causes and methods of detecting somaclonal variation,and the types of mutant phenotypes that have arisen spontaneously.We focus on examples where the molecular or cytological changes causing the phenotype have been identified.Analysis of these sports has provided valuable insight into developmental processes,gene function and regulation,and in some cases has revealed new information about layer-specific roles of some genes.Examination of the molecular changes causing a phenotype and in some cases reversion back to the original state has contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms that drive genomic evolution. | Toshi M.Foster Maria JoséAranzana | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Genetic and genomic resources for Rubus breeding:a roadmap for the future显示文摘Rubus fruits are high-value crops that are sought after by consumers for their flavor,visual appeal,and health benefits.To meet this demand,production of red and black raspberries(R.idaeus L.and R.occidentalis L.),blackberries(R.subgenus Rubus),and hybrids,such as Boysenberry and marionberry,is growing worldwide.Rubus breeding programmes are continually striving to improve flavor,texture,machine harvestability,and yield,provide pest and disease resistance,improve storage and processing properties,and optimize fruits and plants for different production and harvest systems.Breeders face numerous challenges,such as polyploidy,the lack of genetic diversity in many of the elite cultivars,and until recently,the relative shortage of genetic and genomic resources available for Rubus.This review will highlight the development of continually improving genetic maps,the identification of Quantitative Trait Loci(QTL)s controlling key traits,draft genomes for red and black raspberry,and efforts to improve gene models.The development of genetic maps and markers,the molecular characterization of wild species and germplasm,and highthroughput genotyping platforms will expedite breeding of improved cultivars.Fully sequenced genomes and accurate gene models facilitate identification of genes underlying traits of interest and enable gene editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9. | Toshi M.Foster Nahla V.Bassil Michael Dossett Margaret Leigh Worthington Julie Graham | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 2 |
| 4 | First radiative shock experiments on the SG-II laser显示文摘We report on the design and first results from experiments looking at the formation of radiative shocks on the ShenguangII(SG-II)laser at the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics in China.Laser-heating of a two-layer CH/CH–Br foil drives a∼40 km/s shock inside a gas cell filled with argon at an initial pressure of 1 bar.The use of gas-cell targets with large(several millimetres)lateral and axial extent allows the shock to propagate freely without any wall interactions,and permits a large field of view to image single and colliding counter-propagating shocks with time-resolved,pointprojection X-ray backlighting(∼20µm source size,4.3 keV photon energy).Single shocks were imaged up to 100 ns after the onset of the laser drive,allowing to probe the growth of spatial nonuniformities in the shock apex.These results are compared with experiments looking at counter-propagating shocks,showing a symmetric drive that leads to a collision and stagnation from∼40 ns onward.We present a preliminary comparison with numerical simulations with the radiation hydrodynamics code ARWEN,which provides expected plasma parameters for the design of future experiments in this facility. | Francisco Suzuki-Vidal Thomas Clayson Chantal Stehlé Uddhab Chaulagain Jack W.D.Halliday Mingying Sun Lei Ren Ning Kang Huiya Liu Baoqiang Zhu Jianqiang Zhu Carolina De Almeida Rossi Teodora Mihailescu Pedro Velarde Manuel Cotelo John M.Foster Colin N.Danson Christopher Spindloe Jeremy P.Chittenden Carolyn Kuranz | 2021 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2021，9，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Resort cycle revisited:The retirement connection显示文摘 | Danny M.Foster Peter Murphy | | 0，，18： | 1 |
| 6 | The early development of Erysiphe pisi on Pisum sativum L.显示文摘 | P. H.SMITH E. M.FOSTER L. A.BOYD J. K. M.BROWN | 2003 | Plant Pathology2003，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | 微型插花用干制方法显示文摘干燥剂是一种吸湿物。沙子、明矾、玉蜀黍粗粉、淀粉以及去垢粉都可作为干燥剂。但是,读者必须了解,这些物质有不同的干燥效果,而这些必须通过实验才能得知。我通过实验发现这些物质干燥剂都不能迅速起作用。普通硼砂是一种有效的干燥剂,只要它是干燥的,而且没有结块,它就是大多数小花的理想干燥材料。这种方法的缺点,就是在完成干制过程中需要温暖通风的小橱。 | 李尚志 M.Foster | 1992 | 广东园林1992，，3： | 0 |
| 8 | 复制品的遗产价值与重要性显示文摘本文基于针对1970年圣约翰十字架的深度质性研究,讨论了与复制品相关的诸多争议性问题以及它们在遗产语境中的使用。本文关注了复制品是如何'有用的',并且阐释了社会关系、地点和物质材料在真实性的生产和协商过程中扮演的角色。本研究表明,复制品在其自身的合理性下同样拥有价值、真实性和'光环'。复制品的'生命'形成了人、地点与事物(包括原初的历史物)之间的关系网络。当复制品仅仅被视为是替代品时,它背后的创造力、技术、匠心等故事都被视而不见了。我们认为,这些'生命故事'应该在未来的保护、管理和阐释过程当中被考虑进去。 | Sally M.Foster Sian Jones 王思渝 | 2019 | 中国文化遗产2019，，4： | 0 |
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