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| 1 | Compliant lightweight non-invasive standalone“Marine Skin”tagging system显示文摘Current marine research primarily depends on weighty and invasive sensory equipment and telemetric network to understand the marine environment,including the diverse fauna it contains,as a function of animal behavior and size,as well as equipment longevity.To match animal morphology and activity within the surrounding marine environment,here we show a physically flexible and stretchable skin-like and waterproof autonomous multifunctional system,integrating Bluetooth,memory chip,and high performance physical sensors.The sensory tag is mounted on a swimming crab(Portunus pelagicus)and is capable of continuous logging of depth,temperature,and salinity within the harsh ocean environment.The fully packaged,ultra-lightweight(<2.4 g in water),and compliant“Marine Skin”system does not have any wired connection enabling safe and weightless cuttingedge approach to monitor and assess marine life and the ecosystem’s health to support conservation and management of marine ecosystems. | Joanna M.Nassar Sherjeel M.Khan Seneca J.Velling Andrea Diaz-Gaxiola Sohail F.Shaikh Nathan R.Geraldi Galo A.Torres Sevilla Carlos M.Duarte Muhammad M.Hussain | 2018 | npj Flexible Electronics2018，2，1： | 4 |
| 2 | Wearable multifunctional printed graphene sensors显示文摘The outstanding properties of graphene have initiated myriads of research and development;yet, its economic impact is hamperedby the difficulties encountered in production and practical application. Recently discovered laser-induced graphene is generated bya simple printing process on flexible and lightweight polyimide films. Exploiting the electrical features and mechanical pliability ofLIG on polyimide, we developed wearable resistive bending sensors that pave the way for many cost-effective measurementsystems. The versatile sensors we describe can be utilized in a wide range of configurations, including measurement of force,deflection, and curvature. The deflection induced by different forces and speeds is effectively sensed through a resistancemeasurement, exploiting the piezoresistance of the printed graphene electrodes. The LIG sensors possess an outstanding range forstrain measurements reaching >10% A double-sided electrode concept was developed by printing the same electrodes on bothsides of the film and employing difference measurements. This provided a large bidirectional bending response combined withtemperature compensation. Versatility in geometry and a simple fabrication process enable the detection of a wide range of flowspeeds, forces, and deflections. The sensor response can be easily tuned by geometrical parameters of the bending sensors and theLIG electrodes. As a wearable device, LIG bending sensors were used for tracking body movements. For underwater operation,PDMS-coated LIG bending sensors were integrated with ultra-low power aquatic tags and utilized in underwater animal speedmonitoring applications, and a recording of the surface current velocity on a coral reef in the Red Sea. | Altynay Kaidarova Mohammed Asadullah Khan Marco Marengo Liam Swanepoel Alexander Przybysz Cobus Muller Andreas Fahlman Ulrich Buttner Nathan R.Geraldi Rory P.Wilson Carlos M.Duarte Jurgen Kosel | 2019 | npj Flexible Electronics2019，3，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Emissions from the combustion of eucalypt and pine chips in a fluidized bed reactor显示文摘Interest in renewable energy sources has increased in recent years due to environmental concerns about global warming and air pollution,reduced costs and improved efficiency of technologies.Under the European Union(EU)energy directive,biomass is a suitable renewable source.The aim of this study was to experimentally quantify and characterize the emission of particulate matter(PM_(2.5))resulting from the combustion of two biomass fuels(chipped residual biomass from pine and eucalypt),in a pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed(BFB)combustor under distinct operating conditions.The variables evaluated were the stoichiometry and,in the case of eucalypt,the leaching of the fuel.The CO and PM_(2.5)emission factors were lower when the stoichiometry used in the experiments was higher(0.33±0.1 g CO/kg and 16.8±1.0 mg PM_(2.5)/kg,dry gases).The treatment of the fuel by leaching before its combustion has shown to promote higher PM_(2.5)emissions(55.2±2.5 mg/kg,as burned).Organic and elemental carbon represented 3.1 to 30 wt.% of the particle mass,while carbonate(CO_3^(2-))accounted for between 2.3 and 8.5 wt.%.The particulate mass was mainly composed of inorganic matter(71% to 86% of the PM_(2.5)mass).Compared to residential stoves,BFB combustion generated very high mass fractions of inorganic elements.Chloride was the water soluble ion in higher concentration in the PM_(2.5)emitted by the combustion of eucalypt,while calcium was the dominant water soluble ion in the case of pine. | E.D.Vicente L.A.C.Tarelho E.R.Teixeira M.Duarte T.Nunes C.Colombi V.Gianelle G.O.da Rocha A.Sanchez de la Campa C.A.Alves | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，4： | 1 |
| 4 | 海草在浑浊度和淤积增加下的存活能力:生长型和光利用的重要意义显示文摘海草是沉水的或潮间带的被子植物,它们在沿海浅水中形成广阔的草地。热带和温带的海草都受到了人类的干扰。大多数的人类活动或通过光可利用性的下降,或通过改变沉积动力学影响海草,其中后者常常由水文动力学的变化所引起。本文提供了海草对于光可利用性和沉积作用这两个主要环境因子的实际反应。除少数例外,在对光合作用中光的需要方面,种间差异甚小。从光合作用数据计算预测的光补偿深度与单独估计最大群落深度之间的重合性很好。相反,在形态结构特征方面的差异则相当大。巨大的藻体或垂直茎增长的能力使得有几个种可以将它们的叶冠向上伸展,更加靠近水面,并因此免受水变浑之苦。垂直茎的增长或许可以应付沉降速率为2~13cm/a的淤塞,因海草的种类而异。在水平根茎伸长速度方面的种间差异很大:定居的海草以每年1~10m的速度水平延展。较高的水平生长速度可能足以跟上沙浪的移动,因而在水平方向上免于被沉积物所掩埋。 | Jan E.Vermaat Nona S.R.Agawin Migue l D.Fortes Janet S.Uri Carlos M.Duarte Nuria Marbà Susana Enríquez Wim van Vierssen 沈英娃 | 1997 | 人类环境杂志1997，26，8： | 0 |
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