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| 1 | Feedstock choice,pyrolysis temperature and type influence biochar characteristics:a comprehensive meta-data analysis review显示文摘Various studies have established that feedstock choice,pyrolysis temperature,and pyrolysis type influence final biochar physicochemical characteristics.However,overarching analyses of pre-biochar creation choices and correlations to biochar characteristics are severely lacking.Thus,the objective of this work was to help researchers,biochar-stakeholders,and practitioners make more well-informed choices in terms of how these three major parameters influence the final biochar product.Utilizing approximately 5400 peer-reviewed journal articles and over 50,800 individual data points,herein we elucidate the selections that influence final biochar physical and chemical properties,total nutrient content,and perhaps more importantly tools one can use to predict biochar’s nutrient availability.Based on the large dataset collected,it appears that pyrolysis type(fast or slow)plays a minor role in biochar physico-(inorganic)chemical characteristics;few differences were evident between production styles.Pyrolysis temperature,however,affects biochar’s longevity,with pyrolysis temperatures>500℃ generally leading to longer-term(i.e.,>1000 years)half-lives.Greater pyrolysis temperatures also led to biochars containing greater overall C and specific surface area(SSA),which could promote soil physico-chemical improvements.However,based on the collected data,it appears that feedstock selection has the largest influence on biochar properties.Specific surface area is greatest in wood-based biochars,which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could likely promote greater changes in soil physical characteristics over other feedstock-based biochars.Crop-and other grass-based biochars appear to have cation exchange capacities greater than other biochars,which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could potentially lead to longer-term changes in soil nutrient retention.The collected data also suggest that one can reasonably predict the availability of various biochar nutrients(e.g.,N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,and Cu)based on feedstock choice and total nutrient content.Results can be used to create designer biochars to help solve environmental issues and supply a variety of plant-available nutrients for crop growth. | James A.Ippolito Liqiang Cui Claudia Kammann Nicole Wrage‑Mönnig Jose MEstavillo Teresa Fuertes‑Mendizabal Maria Luz Cayuela Gilbert Sigua Jeff Novak Kurt Spokas Nils Borchard | 2020 | Biochar2020，2，4： | 13 |
| 2 | Role of nitrifer denitrification in the production of nitrous oxide 显示文摘 | WRAGE N VELTHOF G L VAN BEUSICHEN M L | 2001 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry2001，33，： | 1 |
| 3 | Phase locking in a multicore fiber laser by means of a Talbot resonator显示文摘 | Wrage M Glas P Fischer D | 2000 | Optics Letters2000，25，19： | 1 |
| 4 | Role of nitri- fierdenitrification in the production of nitrous oxide 显示文摘 | Wrage N Vehhof G L van Beusichem M L | 2001 | Soil Biology and Biochemistry2001，33，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Role of nitrifier denitrification in the production of nitrous oxide 显示文摘 | Wrage N Velthof G L van Beusichem M L | 2001 | Soil Biol Biochem2001，33，： | 1 |
| 6 | Combined phase locking and beam shaping of a multicore fiber laser by structured mirrors显示文摘 | WRAGE M GLAS P LEITNER M | 2001 | Opt Lett2001，26，13： | 1 |
| 7 | Role of nitrifier denitrification in the production of nitrous oxide 显示文摘 | WRAGE N VELTHOF G L VAN BEUSICHEM M L | 2001 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry2001，33，： | 1 |
| 8 | Oxygen exchange between denitrification intermediates and H2 0 and its impli- cations for source determinationod NO3_ and N20:a review 显示文摘 | Kool D M Wrage N Oenema 0 O | 2007 | Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry2007，21，22： | 1 |
| 9 | Role of nitrifier denitrification in the production of nitrous oxide 显示文摘 | Wrage N Velthof G L Van Beusichen M L | 2001 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry2001，33，： | 1 |
| 10 | Role ofnitrifier denitrification in the production of nitrous oxide显示文摘 | Wrage N Velthof G L Van Beusichem M L | 2001 | SoilBiology and Biochemistry2001，33，1213： | 1 |
| 11 | Oxygen exchange be- tween nitrogen oxides and H20can occur during nitrifier pathways显示文摘 | Kool D M Muller C Wrage N | 2009 | Soil Biology and Biochemistry2009，41，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Nitrifi- erdenitrification can be a source of N2 0 from soil:a revised approach to the dual-isotope labeUing method 显示文摘 | Kool D M Wrage N Zechmeister-Bohenstern S | 2010 | European Journal of Soil Science2010，61，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Phase locking in a multicore fiber laser by means of a Talbot resonator 显示文摘 | WRAGE M GLAS P FISCHER D | 2000 | Opt Lett2000，25，19： | 1 |
| 14 | Phase Locking in a Multicore Fiber Iaser by Means of a Talbot Resonator显示文摘 | WRAGE M GLAS P FISCHER D | 2000 | Opt Lett2000，25，19： | 1 |
| 15 | Phaselocking and self imaging properties of a Talbot resonator applied to circular structures 显示文摘 | WRAGE M GLAS P FISCHER D | 2001 | Opt Commun2001，191，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Nitrifierdenitrification as a distinct and significant source of nitrous oxide from soil显示文摘 | Kool D M Dolfing J Wrage N | 2011 | Soil Biology and Biochemistry2011，43，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Genomic profiles associated with early mi-crometastasis in lung cancer: relevance of 4q dele- tion显示文摘 | Wrage M Ruosaari S Eijk P P | 2009 | Clin Cancer Res2009，15，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Role of nitrifier denitrification in the production of nitrous oxide显示文摘 | Wrage N Velthof G L Van Beusichen M L | 2001 | Soil Bio Bioche2001，33，： | 1 |
| 19 | Role of nitrifier denitrification in the production of ni trous oxide显示文摘 | Wrage N Velthof G L van Beusichem M L | 2001 | Soil Biology Biochemistry2001，33，1213： | 1 |
| 20 | Phase-locking and self-imaging properties of a Talbot resonator applied to circular structures显示文摘 | Wrage M Glas P Leitner M | 2001 | Opt Commun2001，191，： | 1 |
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