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| 1 | The characteristics of atmospheric CO_2 concentration variation of four national background stations in China显示文摘Atmospheric carbon dioxide is an important kind of greenhouse gas which influences global temperature. Its concentration variation could indicate the distribution of human and natural activities in various regions. Through the non-dispersive infrared method, flask sampling of atmospheric CO2 concen- tration was measured weekly at four national background stations including Waliguan, Shangdianzi, Lin’an, and Longfengshan. Based on the data collected from September 2006 to August 2007, along with the Waliguan station’s experience on in situ observational data processing, the selection methods for sampling data through the atmospheric background CO2 concentration analysis were preliminarily discussed. On the basis of this result, the variation features of the four typical regions’ atmospheric background CO2 concentration was analyzed for the first time. The results show that the atmospheric CO2 concentration at Waliguan, Shangdianzi, Lin’an, and Longfengshan is 383.5, 385.9, 387.8, and 384.3 ppm, respectively. During the research period, CO2 concentration at the Waliguan station changed slightly. However, the CO2 concentration changed sharply at the Shangdianzi and the Lin’an stations due to the great influence of human activities in the Jingjinji and the Changjiang Delta economic zones, and changed regularly with seasons at Longfengshan station under dual influences of human activities and plant photosynthesis. The results from this study can lay the foundation for more profound studies on atmospheric CO2 concentration level of different areas in China, and could be used to improve the understanding of carbon source and sink distribution. | LIU LiXin, ZHOU LingXi, ZHANG XiaoChun, WEN Min, ZHANG Fang, YAO Bo & FANG ShuangXi Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services (CAWAS), Chinese Academy of Meteoro- logical Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, China | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，11： | 26 |
| 2 | The genetic and epigenetic alterations in human hepatocellular carcinoma: a recent update显示文摘Hepatocellular 癌(HCC ) 是与很差的预后世界范围的最经常的人的恶意之一。HCC 的前进是有累积的一个长期的过程,这通常被接受多重基因并且 epigenetic 改变,它进一步导致批评 oncogenes 的激活或肿瘤 suppressor 基因的 inactivation。HCC 包括他们增殖的能力与多重癌症特点被描绘, anti-apoptosis,入侵,转移,以及象干细胞性质和精力那样的新兴的特征新陈代谢的开关。在基因水平的不可逆的改变能象在 pre 肿瘤的阶段一样早被检测并且在癌症前进期间积累。因此,他们可能说明开始步和进一步的恶意的转变的癌症。除了基因改变, epigenetic 改变能更广泛地影响癌症 transcriptome。在 DNA methylation, histone 修正, miRNAs,编辑的 RNA,和 lncRNAs 的改变可能导致破坏基因规定网络并且实质地贡献 HCC 前进。在这评论,基因并且显著地贡献 HCC 的恶意的能力的 epigenetic 改变将详细被更新并且总结。那些批评分子的事件的进一步的描述可能更好阐明 HCC 的致病并且为这致命的疾病的治疗提供新奇治疗学的目标。 | Ming Liu Lingxi Jiang Xin-Yuan Guan | 2014 | Protein & Cell2014，5，9： | 23 |
| 3 | Steps toward Parallel Intelligence显示文摘The origin of artificial intelligence is investigated,based on which the concepts of hybrid intelligence and parallel intelligence are presented.The paradigm shift in Intelligence indicates the 'new normal' of cyber-social-physical systems(CPSS),in which the system behaviors are guided by Merton's Laws.Thus,the ACP-based parallel intelligence consisting of Artificial societies,Computational experiments and Parallel execution are introduced to bridge the big modeling gap in CPSS. | Fei-Yue Wang Xiao Wang Lingxi Li Li Li | 2016 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2016，3，4： | 23 |
| 4 | ACP-based social computing and parallel intelligence: Societies 5.0 and beyond显示文摘 | XiaoWang Lingxi Li Yong Yuan Peijun Ye Fei-Yue Wang | 2016 | CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology2016，1，4： | 21 |
| 5 | A self-adaptive negative selection algorithm used for anomaly detection显示文摘A novel negative selection algorithm (NSA),which is referred to as ANSA,is presented. In many actual anomaly detection systems,the training data are just partially composed of the normal elements,and the self/nonself space often varies over time. Therefore,anom-aly detection system has to build the profile of the system based on a part of self elements and adjust itself to adapt those variables. However,previous NSAs need a large number of self elements to build the profile of the system,and lack adaptability. In order to over-come these limitations,the proposed approach uses a novel technique to adjust the self radius and evolve the nonself-covering detectors to build an appropriate profile of the system. To determine the performance of the approach,the experiments with the well-known data-set were performed. Results exhibited that our proposed approach outperforms the previous techniques. | Jinquan Zeng,Xiaojie Liu,Tao Li,Caiming Liu,Lingxi Peng,Feixian Sun Department of Computer Science,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China | 2009 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2009，19，2： | 10 |
| 6 | Simulation of CO_2 variations at Chinese background atmospheric monitoring stations between 2000 and 2009: Applying a CarbonTracker model显示文摘We carried out a downscaling treatment over China using the CarbonTracker numerical model,which was applied using double grid nesting technology(3°×2°over the whole globe,1°×1°over China),simulating and analyzing atmospheric CO2concentrations over 10 recent years(2000–2009).The simulation results agreed very well with observed data from four background atmospheric monitoring stations in China(The periods for which the simulation results and observed values be compared were January2000 to December 2009 for the WLG station and June 2006 to December 2009 for the SDZ,LFS,and LAN stations),giving correlation coefficients of>0.7.The high-resolution simulation data correlated slightly better than the low resolution simulation data with the observed data for three of the regions’atmospheric background stations.Further analysis of the annual,seasonal CO2concentration variations at the background stations showed that the CO2concentration increased each year over the study period,with an average annual increase of more than 5%,and annual increases of more than 7%at the Shangdianzi and Lin’an stations.Seasonal CO2variations were greater at the Longfengshan station than at the Shangdianzi or Lin’an stations.However,the CO2concentrations were higher at the Shangdianzi and Lin’an stations because they are greatly affected by human activities in the Jingjinji and Changjiang Delta economic zones.Spatial distribution in CO2concentrations and fluxes were higher in eastern than in western China. | CHENG YanLi AN XingQin YUN FangHua ZHOU LingXi LIU LiXin FANG ShuangXi XU Lin | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，32： | 8 |
| 7 | A Situation-Aware Collision Avoidance Strategy for Car-Following显示文摘In this paper, we discuss how to develop an appropriate collision avoidance strategy for car-following. This strategy aims to keep a good balance between traffic safety and efficiency while also taking into consideration the unavoidable uncertainty of position/speed perception/measurement of vehicles and other drivers. Both theoretical analysis and numerical testing results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. | Li Li Xinyu Peng Fei-Yue Wang Dongpu Cao Lingxi Li | 2018 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2018，5，5： | 8 |
| 8 | Guidance Control for Parallel Parking Tasks显示文摘Parking into small berths remains difficult for unskilled drivers. Researchers had proposed different automatic parking systems to solve this problem. The first kind of strategies(called parking trajectory planning) designs a detailed reference trajectory that links the start and ending points of a special parking task and let the vehicle track this reference trajectory so as to park into the berth. The second kind of strategies(called guidance control) just characterizes several regimes of driving actions as well as the important switching points in certain rule style and let the vehicle follows the pre-selected series of actions so as to park into the berth. Parking guidance control is simpler than parking trajectory planning. However, no studies thoroughly validated parking guidance control before. In this paper, a new automatic parking method is presented, which could characterize the desired control actions directly. Then the feasibility is examined carefully. Tests show that a simple parking guidance control strategy can work in most parallel parking tasks, if the available parking berth is not too small. This finding helps to build more concise automatic parking systems that can efficiently guide human drivers. | Jiyuan Tan Chunling Xu Li Li Fei-Yue Wang Dongpu Cao Lingxi Li | 2020 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2020，7，1： | 7 |
| 9 | Estimating emissions of HCFC-22 and CFC-11 in China by atmospheric observations and inverse modeling显示文摘This paper presents the estimation of Chinese emissions of HCFC-22 and CFC-11 in 2009 by an inverse modeling method based on in-situ measurement data from the Shangdianzi Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Regional Station (SDZ) and atmospheric transport simulations. After inversion (a-posteriori) estimates of the Chinese emissions in 2009 increased by 6.6% for HCFC-22 from 91.7 (± 83.6) to 98.3 (± 47.4) kt/yr and by 22.5% for CFC-11 from 13 (±12.6) to 15.8 (±7.2) kt/yr compared to an a-priori emission. While the model simulation with a-priori emissions already captured the main features of the observed variability at the measurement site, the model performance (in terms of correlation and mean-square-error) improved using a-posteriori emissions. The inversion reduced the root-mean-square (RMS) error by 4% and 10% for HCFC-22 and CFC-11, respectively. | AN XingQin HENNE Stephan YAO Bo VOLLMER Martin K. ZHOU LingXi LI Yan | 2012 | Science China Chemistry2012，55，10： | 7 |
| 10 | Temporal variation of atmospheric CH_4 and the potential source regions at Waliguan, China显示文摘We used a revised dataset of the atmospheric CH4 mixing ratios that were continuously measured at Mount Waliguan Baseline Observatory of western China during 2002-2006 to study the temporal variations and the potential sources regions of ambient CH4 . Approximately 58% observed values were filtered as background data by applying a robust local regression mathematic procedure. The median, 10% and 90% percentiles of CH4 background mixing ratios were 1831.8, 1820.7 and 1843.5 ppb (109molmol1 ), respectively; the atmospheric CH4 time series showed large variations with a fluctuation of 200 ppb (maximum minus minimum), but the background CH4 exhibited a much smaller variation (about 38 ppb), indicating strong impacts from local or regional sources and sinks. Ambient CH4 displayed significant diurnal variations in different seasons during 2002-2006, as was the combined result of changes of nearby sources/sinks and local meteorological circulation. The averaged CH4 seasonal cycle showed minimum in spring and winter, maximum in summer (from June to August), as is completely opposite to that observed at Mauna Loa and Niwot Ridge. The incongruous variation should be attributed to enhancing regional/local sources (e.g., herd) around the site as well as the dominant air flow from the polluted north/northeastern region (e.g., Xining and Lanzhou city) in summer. Another possible reason is, compared to Mauna Loa and Niwot Ridge, the photochemical reaction at Waliguan is weaker. An analysis of 5 d back-trajectory (500 hPa) showed that the episode of high CH 4 mixing ratios was associated with advection from the heavily populated regions east or southeast (e.g., Xining and Lanzhou) of Waliguan and northwest of Qinghai via Ge'ermu urban area where growing industrial activities as well as crops residue burning provide large sources of CH4 , suggesting a large source area; the low values were observed most frequently when air masses originated from the sparsely populated Tibet and south of Qinghai and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR). Additionally, atmospheric CH4 would be enhanced when air masses originated from Ningxia and northwest of Gansu areas (mainly growing rice) along the Yellow river region, especially in summer, suggesting agriculture source of CH4 . Our study helps to accurately estimate sources and sinks of CH4 , and thus is significant for understanding greenhouse effect over a regional scale and predicting global change in future. | ZHANG Fang ZHOU LingXi XU Lin | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，5： | 7 |
| 11 | Type-2 Fuzzy Control for Driving State and Behavioral Decisions of Unmanned Vehicle显示文摘In this paper, interval type-2 fuzzy sets, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and the fuzzy control rules are synthesized to realize the control of unmanned vehicle in driving state and behavioral decisions. Compared to the type-1 fuzzy set, type-2 fuzzy sets have more advantages in handling the model based on uncertainties, linguistic information because the membership functions are fuzzy sets. Different membership functions are established for each factor when the unmanned vehicle is driving at different speed intervals. In addition, a new evaluation method is developed to analyze unmanned vehicle’s driving state. Finally, a set of dynamic fuzzy rules are sorted out, which can be applied to the unmanned vehicle’s behavioral decision-making and provide a new idea to related research. | Xuanming Zhao Hong Mo Kefu Yan Lingxi Li | 2020 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2020，7，1： | 5 |
| 12 | Histopathological Features and Viral Antigen Distribution in the Lung of Fatal Patients with Enterovirus 71 Infection显示文摘Dear Editor,Enterovirus 71(EV71)infection causes hand-foot-andmouth disease(HFMD)in infants and children.Patients with HFMD usually have good prognosis;however,in some extreme cases the infection can be accompanied by central nervous system diseases,eventually leading to cardiorespiratory failure,and even death.Currently。 | Zhenli Liang Hongbo Pan Xijing Wang Yinchuan Zhu Yiwu Dang Xiaohui Fan Lingxi Gao Zengfeng Zhang | 2018 | Virologica Sinica2018，33，3： | 4 |
| 13 | The electromagnetic response of composition-regulated honeycomb structural materials used for broadband microwave absorption显示文摘The undesirable absorption bandwidth is the main limitation for the application of microwave absorbing materials.Noting that the design of structure and composition of absorbing coating allows it to obtain a satisfying absorption bandwidth and to avoid weight increasing,honeycomb and its sandwich structures coated by various absorbant have been developed and measured using an arch measurement system over2-18 GHz.To further understand the absorption mechanisms of honeycomb structural materials,simulation based on finite element method and transmission line theory is performed to analyze the different responses to the applied microwave between honeycomb structural materials and uniform-medium slab materials.The proper composition design allows control over the microwave loss mechanisms,which optimize the coating to possess both of the dielectric and magnetic advantages.For the honeycomb structural materials,the magnetic resonation is found for the first time,which is resulting from the periodic honeycomb walls on both sides of the dielectric cavity(consisting of the aramid paper interlayer and vacuum hexagonal prisms).In addition,the conversion of structure from solid to honeycomb brings about changes in impedance,propagating path,effective wavelength,effective attenuation area,microwave phases,and inductive coupling effect,etc.,which result in a better microwave absorbing performance.The honeycomb sandwich structure coated by CIP/CB/EP with the weight ratio of 4:0.03:1 shows the absorption bandwidth of~9.8 GHz for reflection loss(RL)lower than-10 dB which covers part of the S and C bands and almost the whole X and Ku bands. | Huifang Pang Yuping Duan Xuhao Dai Lingxi Huang Xuan Yang Tuo Zhang Xiaoji Liu | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，29： | 4 |
| 14 | A Survey of Model Predictive Control Methods for Traffic Signal Control显示文摘Enhancing traffic efficiency and alleviating(even circumventing) traffic congestion with advanced traffic signal control(TSC) strategies are always the main issues to be addressed in urban transportation systems. Since model predictive control(MPC) has a lot of advantages in modeling complex dynamic systems, it has been widely studied in traffic signal control over the past 20 years. There is a need for an in-depth understanding of MPC-based TSC methods for traffic networks. Therefore, this paper presents the motivation of using MPC for TSC and how MPC-based TSC approaches are implemented to manage and control the dynamics of traffic flows both in urban road networks and freeway networks. Meanwhile, typical performance evaluation metrics, solution methods, examples of simulations,and applications related to MPC-based TSC approaches are reported. More importantly, this paper summarizes the recent developments and the research trends in coordination and control of traffic networks with MPC-based TSC approaches. Remaining challenges and open issues are discussed towards the end of this paper to discover potential future research directions. | Bao-Lin Ye Weimin Wu Keyu Ruan Lingxi Li Tehuan Chen Huimin Gao Yaobin Chen | 2019 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2019，6，3： | 4 |
| 15 | Biogas production from microbial-alkali pretreated corn stover by solid-state anaerobic digestion显示文摘Corn stover pretreated by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora was used as substrate to enhance biogas production via solid state anaerobic digestion(SS-AD).Effects of temperature,inoculum volume and alkaline concentration on the biogas production profermance were investigated.The results showed that pretreatment of corn stover by C.subvermispora benefited the biogas production.The optimal conditions were temperature 35°C,inoculum 10:1(w/w)and adding 5.0%of alkali,under which the maximum productions were obtained for daily and cumulative biogas of 14.07 L/kg VS and 211.09 L/kg VS.During the SS-AD process,the total solids(TS)and volatile solid(VS)were significantly degraded.The volatile fatty acids(VFA)concentration increased to 106 mmol/L and alkalinity decreased by about 23%.The results collectively suggested that microbial-alkali pretreatment of corn stove combining mesophilic condition could be a promising way to produce biogas in SS-AD. | Zhao Pengxiang Cui Fengjie Bu Lingxi Jiang Jianxin | 2015 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2015，8，5： | 4 |
| 16 | Effects of freeze–thaw cycles on soil N_2O concentration and flux in the permafrost regions of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Nitrous oxide(N_2 O) is one of the most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere; freeze–thaw cycles(FTCs) might strongly influence the emission of soil N_2 O on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau(QTP). However, there is a lack of in situ research on the characteristics of soil N_2 O concentration and flux in response to variations in soil properties caused by FTCs.Here, we report the effect of FTC-induced changes in soil properties on the soil N_2 O concentration and flux in the permafrost region of the higher reaches of the Shule River Basin on the northeastern margin of the QTP. We measured chemical properties of the topsoil, activities of soil microorganisms, and air temperature(AT), as well as soil N_2 O concentration and flux, over an annual cycle from July 31, 2011, to July 30, 2012. The results showed that soil N_2 O concentration was significantly affected by soil temperature(ST), soil moisture(SM), soil salinity(SS), soil polyphenol oxidase(SPO), soil alkaline phosphatase(SAP), and soil culturable actinomycetes(SCA), ranked as SM>SS>ST>SPO>SAP>SCA, whereas ST significantly increased soil N_2 O flux, compared with SS. Overall, our study indicated that the soil N_2 O concentration and flux in permafrost zone FTCs were strongly affected by soil properties, especially soil moisture, soil salinity, and soil temperature. | ShengYun Chen Qian Zhao WenJie Liu Zhao Zhang Shuo Li HongLin Li ZhongNan Nie LingXi Zhou ShiChang Kang | 2018 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2018，10，1： | 4 |
| 17 | The ChatGPT After: Building Knowledge Factories for Knowledge Workers with Knowledge Automation显示文摘Briefing: This perspective introduces the concept and framework of knowledge factories with knowledge machines for knowledge workers to achieve knowledge automation for Industry 5.0 and intelligent industries.Introduction The big hit of Chat GPT makes it imperative to contemplate the practical applications of big or foundation models [1]-[5]. However, as compared to conventional models, there is now an increasingly urgent need for foundation intelligence of foundation models for real-world industrial applications. | Yutong Wang Xiao Wang Xingxia Wang Jing Yang Oliver Kwan Lingxi Li Fei-Yue Wang | 2023 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2023，10，11： | 4 |
| 18 | Steps Toward Industry 5.0:Building“6S”Parallel Industries With Cyber-Physical-Social Intelligence显示文摘Very recently,intensive discussions and studies on Industry 5.0 have sprung up and caused the attention of researchers,entrepreneurs,and policymakers from various sectors around the world.However,there is no consensus on why and what is Industry 5.0 yet.In this paper,we define Industry 5.0from its philosophical and historical origin and evolution,emphasize its new thinking on virtual-real duality and human-machine interaction,and introduce its new theory and technology based on parallel intelligence(PI),artificial societies,computational experiments,and parallel execution(the ACP method),and cyber-physical-social systems(CPSS).Case studies and applications of Industry 5.0 over the last decade have been briefly summarized and analyzed with suggestions for its future development.We believe that Industry 5.0 of virtual-real interactive parallel industries has great potentials and is critical for building smart societies.Steps are outlined to ensure a roadmap that would lead to a smooth transition from CPS-based Industry 4.0 to CPSS-based Industry 5.0 for a better world which is Safe in physical spaces,S ecure in cyberspaces,Sustainable in ecology,Sensitive in individual privacy and rights,Service for all,and Smartness of all. | Xingxia Wang Jing Yang Yutong Wang Qinghai Miao Fei-Yue Wang Aijun Zhao Jian-Ling Deng Lingxi Li Xiaoxiang Na Ljubo Vlacic | 2023 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2023，10，8： | 4 |
| 19 | A robust bifunctional catalyst for rechargeable Zn-air batteries:Ultrathin NiFe-LDH nanowalls vertically anchored on soybeanderived Fe-N-C matrix显示文摘ABSTRACT NiFe layered double hydroxide(NiFe-LDH)nanosheets and metal-nitrogen-carbon materials(M-N-C,M=Ni,Fe,Co,etc.)are supreme catalysts in the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)process,respectively.Nevertheless,the monotonic performance and insufficient stability severely hamper their practical application in rechargeable batteries.Herein,we simultaneously combine ultrathin NiFe-LDH nanowalls with renewable soybean-derived Fe-N-C matrix to obtain a hybrid materials(NiFe-LDH/FeSoy-CNSs-A),which exhibits robust catalytic activities for OER(E_(j=10)=1.53 V vs.RHE)and ORR(E_(1/2)=0.91 V vs.RHE),with a top-notch battery parameters and stability in assembled rechargeable Zn-air batteries.Intensive investigations indicate that the vertically dispersed NiFe-LDH nanosheets,Fe-N-C matrix derived from soybean and the strong synergy between them are responsible for the unprecedented OER and ORR performances.The key role of intrinsic N defects involved in the hybrid materials is firstly specified by ultrasoundassisted extraction of soy protein from soybean.The exquisite design can facilitate the utilization of sustainable biomass-derived catalysts,and the mechanism investigations of N defects and oxygenic groups on the structure-activity relationship can stimulate the progress of other functional hybrid electrocatalysts. | Meng Zhang Jiting Zhang Siyi Ran Lingxi Qiu Wei Sun Ying Yu Jisheng Chen Zhihong Zhu | 2021 | Nano Research2021，14，4： | 3 |
| 20 | Evaluation of the carbon isotopic effects of NDIR and CRDS analyzers on atmospheric CO2 measurements显示文摘Non-dispersive infrared(NDIR) and cavity ring-down spectroscopy(CRDS) CO_2 analyzers use 12CO_2 isotopologue absorption lines and are insensitive to all or part of other CO_2-related isotopologues. This may produce biases in CO_2 mole fraction measurements of a sample if its carbon isotopic composition deviates from that of the standard gases being used. To evaluate and compare the effects of carbon isotopic composition on NDIR and CRDS CO_2 analyzers, we prepared three test sample air cylinders with varying carbon isotopic abundances and calibrated them against five standard cylinders with ambient carbon isotopic composition using CRDS and NDIR systems. We found that the CO_2 mole fractions of the sample cylinders measured by G1301(CRDS) were in good agreement with those measured by Lo Flo(NDIR). The CO_2 values measured by both instruments were higher than that of a CO_2 isotope measured by G2201i(CRDS) analyzer for a test cylinder with depleted carbon isotopic composition δ^(13)C =-36.828‰, whereas no obvious difference was found for other two test cylinders with δ^(13)C=-8.630‰ and δ^(13)C=-15.380‰, respectively. According to the theoretical and experimental results, we concluded that the total CO_2 mole fractions of samples with depleted isotopic compositions can be corrected on the basis of their 12CO_2 values calibrated by standard gases using Lo Flo and G1301 if the δ^(13)C and δ18O values are known. | XIA LingJun ZHOU LingXi Marcel V.van der SCHOOT Chris W.RELLA LIU LiXin ZHANG Gen WANG HongYang | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，6： | 2 |
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