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您的检索式：作者名="Laura Forastiere"
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| 1 | Health effects of air pollution:a Southern European perspective显示文摘Objective:To summarize the main updated evidence about the health effects of air pollution,with a special focus on Southern Europe.Data sources:Literature was obtained through PubMed Central and the official websites of European Agencies and Scientific Societies.Study selection:Recent shreds of evidence about the health effects of air pollution coming from international reports and original research were collected and described in this review.Results:Air pollution is an avoidable risk factor that causes a huge burden for society,in terms of death,health disorders,and huge socio-economic costs.The southern European countries face a more threatening problem because they experience the effects of both anthropogenic pollutants and natural dusts(particulate matter[PM]).The European Environment Agency reported the number of premature deaths in the 28 countries of the European Union attributable to air pollutant exposure in the year 2016:374,000 for PM2.5,68,000 for nitrogen dioxide,and 14,000 for ozone.In Italy,time series and analytical epidemiological studies showed increased cardiorespiratory hospital admissions and mortality,as well as increased risk of respiratory diseases in people living in urban areas.Conclusions:Based on abundant evidence,the World Health Organization,which hosts the Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases(GARD),the scientific respiratory societies,and the patients’associations,as well as others in the health sector,must increase their engagement in advocacy for clean air policies. | Giovanni Viegi Sandra Baldacci Sara Maio Salvatore Fasola Isabella Annesi-Maesano Francesco Pistelli Laura Carrozzi Stefania La Grutta Francesco Forastiere | 2020 | Chinese Medical Journal2020，，13： | 2 |
| 2 | Pay-it-forward gonorrhea and chlamydia testing among men who have sex with men in China:a study protocol for a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial显示文摘Background:Gonorrhea and chlamydia testing rates are poor among Chinese men who have sex with men(MSM).A quasi-experimental study suggested that a pay-it-forward strategy increased dual gonorrhea/chlamydia testing among MSM.Pay-it-forward offers an individual a gift(e.g.,a free test)and then asks the same person if they would like to give a gift to another person.This article reports the protocol of a randomized controlled trial to evaluate dual gonorrhea/chlamydia test uptake and other outcomes among MSM in three arms-a pay-it-forward arm,a pay-what-you-want arm,and a standard of care arm.Methods:Three hundred MSM will be recruited at three HIV testing sites in Guangzhou and Beijing.Testing sites include two hospital-based MSM sexually transmitted diseases clinics and one MSM community-based organization.Eligible participants will be born biologically male,aged 16 years or older,reporting previous anal sex with another man,having never participated in the pay-it-forward program,without previous gonorrhea and chlamydia testing in the past 12 months,and residing in China.Following a cluster randomized design,every cluster of ten participants will be randomly allocated into one of three arms:(1)a pay-it-forward arm in which men are offered free gonorrhea and chlamydia testing and then asked whether they would like to donate('pay it forward')toward testing for future testers;(2)a pay-what-you-want arm in which men are offered free testing and told to decide how much to pay after receiving the test;(3)a standard of care arm in which men can pay the full price for dual gonorrhoea and chlamydia testing.The primary outcome is dual gonorrhoea/chlamydia testing as verified by administrative records.Secondary outcomes include incremental cost per test,incremental cost per diagnosis,community connectedness,and social cohesion.Primary outcome will be calculated for each arm using intention-to-treat and compared using one-sided 95%confidence intervals with a margin of 20%increase defined as superiority.Discussion:This study will examine the pay-it-forward strategy in comparison to the standard of care in improving test uptake for gonorrhea and chlamydia.We will leverage the cluster randomized controlled trial to provide scientific evidence on the potential effect of pay-it-forward.Findings from this study will shed light on novel intervention methods for increasing preventive health service utilization and innovate ways to finance it among communities.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT03741725.Registered on 12 November 2018. | Tiange P.Zhang Fan Yang Weiming Tang Marcus Alexander Laura Forastiere Navin Kumar Katherine Li Fei Zou Ligang Yang Guodong Mi Yehua Wang Wenting Huang Amy Lee Weizan Zhu Peter Vickerman Dan Wu Bin Yang Nicholas A.Christakis Joseph D.Tucker | 2019 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2019，8，4： | 1 |
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