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您的检索式：作者名="Laban Ireri"
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| 1 | Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in certified food-handlers working in food establishments in the City of Nairobi,Kenya显示文摘Most intestinal parasites are cosmopolitan with the highest prevalence in the tropics and subtopics.Rural-to-urban migration rapidly increases the number of food eating places in towns and their environs.Some of these eating estabishments have poor sanitation and are overcrowded,facilitating disease transmission,especially through food-handling.Our investigations in Nairobi,therefore,were set to determine the presence of intestinal parasites in food-handlers with valid medical certificates.Direct and concentrated stool processing techniques were used.Chisquare test and ANOVA were used for data analysis.The parasites Ascaris lumbricoides,Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia were observed in certified food-handlers.Significant difference was found in parasite frequency by eating classes and gender (χ 2=9.49,P=0.73),(F=1.495,P=0.297),but not in parasite occurrence between age brackets (χ 2=6.99,P=0.039).The six-month medical certificate validity period may contribute significantly to the presence of intestinal parasites in certified food-handlers. | Paul Kamau Penina Aloo Obudho Ephantus Kabiru Kepha Ombacho Bernard Langat Obadiah Mucheru Laban Ireri | 2012 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2012，26，2： | 0 |
| 2 | Evaluation of the adjuvanticity of artemisinin with soluble Leishmania major antigens in BALB/c mice显示文摘Objective: To determine the adjuvant potential of artemisinin with a soluble leishmanial antigen in vaccinating BALB/c mice. Methods: Seventy two female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into six groups. The mice were vaccinated with soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA) alone, artemisinin co-administered with SLA, SLA and Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine, and artemisinin and BCG alone. Unvaccinated mice formed the control group. The induction of cell-mediated immunity following vaccination was determined by measuring in vitro lymphocyte proliferation and the production of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) determined by flow cytometry. Protection against L. major was determined by quantifying parasite burdens in L. major infected footpads using a limiting dilution assay and by measuring lesion sizes of the infected footpad compared to the contralateral uninfected footpad. Results: Mice receiving SLA plus artemisinin produced significantly high levels of IL-4 and IL-5 (P < 0.05) and low levels of IFN-γ, resulting in exacerbated disease. In addition, subcutaneous administration of SLA + artemisinin, artemisinin alone or SLA alone resulted in the development of large footpad swellings and high parasite loads that were comparable to those of the control unvaccinated mice (P > 0.05), resulting in exacerbated disease. Conclusion: These data suggest that artemisinin is not a suitable adjuvant for Leishmania vaccines. However, since artemisinin has been shown to be effective against Leishmania parasites in vitro and in vivo, further studies ought to be conducted to determine its immunochemotherapeutic potential when co-administered with Leishmania antigens. | Albert Kimutai Willy K. Tonui Michael M. Gicheru Peter Kamau Ngure Johnstone Ingonga Stella Kepha Laban Ireri Njeru Dorcas Wachira Robert Karanja Muhia Milkah Mwangi Lydia B. Nyamwamu | 2009 | Journal of Nanjing Medical University2009，23，6： | 0 |
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