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| 1 | A text-to-speech system with high intelligibility and naturalness for Chinese显示文摘A Chinese text-to-speech system, which is based on the time domain PitchSynchronous-Overlap-Add (PSOLA) method, with a Chinese syllable dictionary and a prosodicrule dictionaIy, can produce very clear and natural Chinese speech. Research work on naturalness of synthetic Chinese show that, when synthesizing Chinese, pitch, energy, syllable duration and coarticulation between syllables are main factors which affect the naturalness. Among them pitch and duration play the most important roles. The time domain PSOLA scheme provides a method to modify the pitch and duration of a speech segment in time domain, and this makes it possible to adjust the prosody of speech in word level and sentence level, when synthesizing Chinese using waveform concatenation technique. Acoustics analysis of news broadcast speech provides theoretical basis for building up prosodic rules in this system. In this paper the flowchart of the new Chinese text-to-speech system, the research result of acoustics analysis of news broadcast speech, prosodic rules of the new system, and the evaluation results of speech quality of the new system are given. | CHU Min and LU Shinan(Institute of Acoustics, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080) | 1996 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics1996，15，1： | 5 |
| 2 | The influence of Chinese sentence stress on pitch and duration显示文摘The key to improve the naturalness of the synthetic speech is to build a perfect prosodic model. Thus the preliminary study of the influence of sentence stress on prosodic features in Standard Chinese is presented, in which the relationship between duration and pitch under different sentence stress levels is revealed. The results show that: (a) The pitch is the most important factor which carries the sentence stress, with the increase of the sentence stress level, the distribution of pitch moves towards high frequency area. (b) In the case of 'Stress' and 'Light', two peaks are found in the distribution of duration, which means that the duration of some words are affected by sentence stress, but of others are not. (c) The relationship between pitch and duration in 'Normal’, 'Stress' and 'Light' are un-correlated, positive correlation and negative correlation respectively. The research lays a foundation for building a perfect prosodic model for standard Chinese speech synthesis system. The results of research are also used to classify sentence stress using a neural network, and 63% identification ratio has been obtained in an open set test. An automatic method for the sentence stress labeling is also suggested. | XU Jieping CHU Min HE Lin LU Shinan GUAN Dinghua (Institute of Acoustics, Academia Sinica Beijing 100080) | 2000 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2000，19，3： | 2 |
| 3 | The influence of discourse hierarchy on the acoustic manifestation of focus in standard Chinese显示文摘一个语音的实验被进行调查讲话焦点的声学的特征是否受到讲话层次的影响。六个说话者被指示朗读 32 组试验性的材料。在不同讲话层次的 foci 的持续时间,沥青范围, f0 最大值,和 f0 最小为统计分析被提取。结果表明在讲话层次更高嵌入的 foci 把相对更长的持续时间和更多搭范围扩展;而且与音调联合的变化,在不同讲话层次的 foci 在他们 f0 最大值和 f0 最小特征的表明显著地不同。明确地说,为非低的音调联合,,在更高的讲话层次的 foci 为低音调的联合与更高的 f0 最大值被读,在更高的讲话层次的 foci 与更低的 f0 最小被明白表示。 | ZHAO Jianjun YANG Xiaohong YANG Yufang LU Shinan | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2011，30，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin显示文摘在 Putonghua (PTH ) 和台湾官员(TM ) 之间的中国音节的沥青和持续时间的差别被学习。要过去常的讲话材料是不仅孤立的音节,而且句子。结果揭示那:为孤立的音节,在 TM 的 T1 和 T2 被 Minnan 方言影响,因此他们的沥青是比在 PTH 的那些低的。T3 是在 PTH 的秋天上升,当现在是在 TM 的秋天时。而且,为不同音调的音节持续时间顺序是 T3 > T2 > T1 > 在 PTH 的 T4,当它是 T1 时 > T2 > T3 > 在 TM 的 T4。为在句子的音节, T2 在 PTH 是中间上升的,当它在 TM 是中间水平的时。并且 T3 在 PTH 比 T4 长却比 T1 或 T2 短,当它在 TM 是最短的时。而且为不同音调的持续时间上的诗体学的短语边界的效果是几乎在 PTH 的一样,而是 T1 或 T2 的变长的部分在 TM 比 T3 或 T4 的长。 | DENG Dan SHI Feng LU Shinan | 2008 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2008，27，2： | 1 |
| 5 | A VQ study on diatone in Putonghua显示文摘The systematical study on the model of diatone in Putonghua on the basis of real materials through the techniques of polynomial curve fitting and VQ (vector quantization) are presented. The results show: 1. Most of the diatones have several sub-classes, though the scatter of some diatone samples is small. It means that an average model is not sufficient enough to represent all samples in a sub-class. 2. The differences between the diatone model are incarnated on the differences of the highest values of Fo contours, which are correlated with the stress of the first or second syllable. 3. It is a practical and effective method in modeling the diatones in Putonghua through the techniques of polynomial curve fitting and VQ. | KONG Jiangping (EE Dept., City University of Hong Kong) (Institute of Nationality Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing 100081) LU Shinan (Institute of Acoustics, Academica Sinica Beijing 100080) | 2000 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2000，19，3： | 0 |
| 6 | A METHOD OF DISPLAYING COLOR SPECTROGRAM OF SPEECH BY USE OF MICROCOMPUTER显示文摘A method of drawing color spectrogram of speech by using microcomputer is described in this paper,and referred to the metod of drawing spectrogram by computer.With the software and no addition anyother aqripment.,we can draw color three-dimension spectrogram(or black-white spectrogram with-out color monitor),and it is similar to spectrogram of sonagrapher. | SUN Jincheng and LU Shinan( Institute of Aconsties , Academia Sinica ) | 1989 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics1989，8，4： | 0 |
| 7 | Research on perception of juncturebetween syllables in Chinese显示文摘For Chinese synthesis systems that use syllables as basic units, the perception of between-syllable juncture is a matter of interest. In this paper, a two-step perception test to investigate the perception property of formani transition is presented. The first step is a set of exploring tests, from which it is found that subjects can not distinguish whether the formants of two successive syllables are transited smoothly. The second step perception test is disigned to investigate the perception of formant transitions on a more thorough environment. The stimuli of the test are disyllabic words, which cover various phonemic structures and tonal combinations. Both the average person and specialists on phonetics and speech technology are invested to be subjects. Results of the second step test are consistent with those of the flrst step. The results also show that listeners are in general not sensitive to formant transition.Yet, both segment structure and tonal variation will affect the perception of formant transition.Although listeners with phonology knowledge tend to pay more attention to formant transition than others, they still have difficulty to distinguish synthetic disyllabic words with formant transition between syllables from those | CHU Min TANG Difei SI Hongyan TIAN Xuqing LU Shinan (Institute of Acoustics, Academia Sinica Beijing 100080) KONG Jiangping (The Institute of Nationality Studies, CASS Beijing 100081) | 1998 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics1998，17，2： | 0 |
| 8 | Design, preparation and pharmacodynamics of ICG-Fe(Ⅲ) based HCPT nanocrystals against cancer显示文摘The use of nanocrystal technology to manufacture drug delivery systems intended to enhance therapeutic efficacy has attracted the attention of the pharmaceutical industry.However,the clinical application of nanocrystal drugs for injection is restricted by Ostwald ripening and the large-scale use of stabilizers such as polysorbate and lecithin,which have potential toxicity risks including hemolysis and allergies.Here,we designed an amorphous nanocrystal drug complex(IHNC),which is stabilizer-free and composed of indocyanine green(ICG)framework loading with a chemotherapeutic agent of 10-hydroxycamptothecin(HCPT).Considering the possibility of industrial manufacturing,IHNC was simply prepared with the assistance of ferric ion(III)via supramolecular assembly strategy.The theoretical result of Materials Studio simulation indicated that the prepared ICG-Fe(III)framework showed a stable spherical structure with the appropriate cavity for encapsulating the two drugs of HCPT and ICG with equal mass ratio.The IHNC was stable at physiological pH,with excellent PTT/PDT efficacy,and in vivo probing characteristics.The nanoscale size and reductive stimuli-responsiveness can be conducive to drug accumulation into the tumor site and rapid unloading of cargo.Moreover,such combination therapy showed synergistic photo/chemotherapy effect against 4T1 breast cancer and its tumor inhibition rate even up to 79.4%.These findings demonstrated that the nanocrystal drug delivery strategy could avoid the use of stabilizers and provide a new strategy for drug delivery for combination therapy. | Qiongzhe Ren Xuefeng Tang Yi Lu Qing Li Zhiqian Liao Shinan Jiang Haoli Zhang Zhigang Xu Lei Luo | 2022 | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2022，17，4： | 0 |
| 9 | Experimental study on the naturalness of synthetic speech显示文摘In the past 10 years a Chinese text-to-speech system including aphonetic library,static tone model and basic synthesis rules had been estab-lished in IAAS.The Chinese synthesis of unrestricted vocabulary had beenachieved,but further steps must be taken to improve the naturalness ofsynthesized Chinese.The effect of segmental and suprasegmental features ofsynthetic speech upon naturalness have been studied by use of subjective as-sessment method.The results show that the rhythm in time domain andcoarticulation occupy a basic position for improving the naturalness of synthet-ic speech.And the fundamental frequency curve decided by tone model onlysuit to synthesize short sentence of Chinese.If the synthesis of larger linguisticunit than simple sentence is considered,the fundamental frequency curveshould be carefully manipulated.This paper presents the experimental methodand results,and discusses the way how to improve the naturalness of syntheticChinese. | LU Shinan, ZHANG Jialu and QI Shiqian (Institute of Acoustics. Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080) | 1993 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics1993，12，3： | 0 |
| 10 | The roles of pitch and duration in sentence accent of Chinese discourse显示文摘依靠三十篇记事讲话的一个语料库,沥青的角色和在句子口音的诗体学的词的持续时间在讲话上下文被学习。起初,沥青被使正常化。然后,根据沥青,范围,句子和诗体学的词被分类进三个等级加强,正常、削弱分别地。在一样的时间,句子口音被分类进二个层次由感性的评估主要、第二等。结果证明在到句子的反对的诗体学的词的相对沥青范围主导地作出贡献判口音。而且,在句子口音的沥青和持续时间的角色被句子和诗体学的词的等级交互地影响。在正常的诗体学的词,当第二等的句子口音主要取决于沥青的变化时,主要句子口音被沥青和持续时间的相互的表演认识到。在加强的诗体学的词,当句子的沥青范围是压缩的更多时,在句子口音的持续时间的角色是更重要的。最后,在沥青和持续时间之间的关联首先被诗体学的词的力量影响,这被发现,并且在削弱的、正常、加强的诗体学的词,在沥青和持续时间之间的关联分别地积极、空、否定。 | YANG Xiaohong ZHAO Jianjun YANG Yufang LU Shinan | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2012，31，2： | 0 |
| 11 | Experimental study on declination in Chinese intonation显示文摘与特殊音调联合设计句子的目的是在中国 Putonghua 调查语调的偏斜趋势。作为基本偏斜单位,诗体学的短语(PP ) 的基线清楚地看偏斜的现象的结果表演,和偏斜倾斜在到 PP 的长度的反的比例。PP 的不同音调联合有不同偏斜斜坡。主要结论如下:(1 ) 如果低点在诗体学的词(PW ) 的开始,基线斜坡的绝对值比在结束的那些大;(2 ) PP 的偏斜更大,如果它在结束比那在句子的开始;(3 ) 当在句子有几 PP 时,尽管在不同语法关系偏斜的度是不同的,他们有 PP 偏斜的共同点。 | GAO Lu HUANG Xianjun YANG Yufang LU Shinan | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2011，30，2： | 0 |
| 12 | The impact of discourse stress on clause prosody in Chinese Putonghua显示文摘由分析一份中国新闻报告的声学的数据,现在的研究探索当孤立的子句被连接进 discourse.Comparing 时,怎么改变音节持续时间和应力的沥青的模式一样的子句在之间孤立并且在讲话上下文,子句原子核的沥青变化能是最表明,整个的 i.e.the 顶点显著地掉落;而且,沥青掉落的度与子句压力没被分配 statu 的 stresses.When | CHEN Yudong LU Shinan YANG Yufang | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2011，30，1： | 0 |
| 13 | Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation显示文摘在中国 Putonghua 的沥青轮廓的 Downstep 被控制音调联合用微妙地设计的句子检验。结果证明自动、非自动的 downstep 现象用汉语存在。在非自动的 downstep,低音调向下压缩下列音节,和 downstep 的主要影响的沥青范围在 topline 上。低音调不仅在它后面降低 topline,而且在它前提起高音调,效果与对方兼容。在自动 downstep,在 intonational 短语的沥青轮廓的 topline 表现为一个线性落之趋势,但是它由于个人压力实践的效果在说话者之中不同。与在另外的音调或非音调语言的 downstep 现象比较,用汉语的 downstep 比率不是不变的,并且 downstep 的领域在邻近的音调以内是不有限的。 | HUANG Xianjun YANG Yufang LU Shinan | 2008 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2008，27，2： | 0 |
| 14 | Experimental research on the perception space of Chinese syllable显示文摘中国音节的知觉的多尺寸结构被心理物理的实验学习。结果显示 F0 和持续时间被互连到中国音节的知觉的结构的二种主要尺寸。并且象在诗体学的层次结构的音节的位置那样的诗体学的特征,以及压力将被导致在感觉空间的音节的各种各样的分发。 | ZHOU Xunyi YANG Yufang LU Shinan WANG Bei | 2006 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2006，25，2： | 0 |
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