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| 1 | Mechanism and control of lake eutrophication显示文摘A review about lake naturally eutrophi- cating, the internal loading of nutrients from lake sediment as well as the mechanism of algal blooms and the control practices was made, especially the eutrophication problem of shallow lakes since sev- enty percent of fresh water lakes in China are shallow lakes. It was found that shallow lakes are apt toward eutrophication than deep lakes. Without any influ- ences of human activity, shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River are still easily eutrophicated, which may be owing to the effects of flood in this area. In shallow lakes, sediments are frequently disturbed by wind-wave and resuspended, which result in huge nutrients release to overlying water. This may be the major reason for higher in- ternal loading of nutrients in shallow lakes than in deep lakes. Algal bloom is an extreme response of lake ecosystem to the eutrophication. Appearance of algal blooms is related to physical condition of lakes, such as underwater radiation (or transparency), temperature, and hydrodynamic conditions, or related to geochemical conditions of lakes, like concentra- tions of nutrients and ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus, as well as the physiological advantage of cyanobac- teria such as vacuole for moving towards the radiant energy-rich zone and the mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) for resisting the harm of ultraviolet ra- diation. In shallow lakes, these advantages of cyanobacteria are favorable in the competition than in deep lakes. Also being the shallowness, it is more difficult to reduce nutrient loading and to control algae blooms in shallow lakes. For the control of eutrophi- cation, people should follow the sequence from pollution sources control, ecological restoration tocatchment management. To control the internal nu- trient release, physical, chemical, biological tech- niques, and even bionic techniques could be selected. The idea of ecological restoration for a eutrophic lake is to shift the ecosystem from phytoplankton-domi- nant state to macrophyte-dominant state. To realize the shift of ecosystem state, environmental condition improvement is the fundamental work. Nowadays, we should do more work on environmental condition improvement than on planting of macrophytes since we are lack of the knowledge about the relationship between macrophyte and lake ecosystem. Empha- sizing the macrophyte planting, therefore, has blind- ness at present. Because all lakes have different characteristics of environment and ecosystem, ap- plicable lake harness techniques should be selected based on the distinct ecosystem types and environ- mental problems. | QIN Boqiang YANG Liuyan CHEN Feizhou ZHU Guangwei ZHANG Lu CHEN Yiyu | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，19： | 38 |
| 2 | Characteristics of microbial community involved in early biofilms formation under the influence of wastewater treatment plant effluent显示文摘Effluents from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) containing microorganisms and residual nutrients can influence the biofilm formation. Although the process and mechanism of bacterial biofilm formation have been well characterized, little is known about the characteristics and interaction of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes in the early colonization, especially under the influence of WWTP effluent. The aim of this study was to characterize the important bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic species in the early stage of biofilm formation downstream of the WWTP outlet. Water and biofilm samples were collected 24 and 48 hr after the deposition of bio-cords in the stream. Illumina Miseq sequencing of the 16 S and 18 S rDNA showed that, among the three domains, the bacterial biofilm community had the largest alpha and beta diversity. The early bacterial colonizers appeared to be 'biofilm-specific', with only a few dominant operational taxonomic units(OTUs) shared between the biofilm and the ambient water environment. Alpha-proteobacteria and Ciliophora tended to dominate the bacterial and eukaryotic communities, respectively, of the early biofilm already at 24 hr, whereas archaea played only a minor role during the early stage of colonization. The network analysis showed that the three domains of microbial community connected highly during the early colonization and it might be a characteristic of the microbial communities in the biofilm formation process where co-occurrence relationships could drive coexistence and diversity maintenance within the microbial communities. | Yuke Peng Jie Li Junling Lu Lin Xiao Liuyan Yang | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，4： | 6 |
| 3 | Numerical simulation of turbulent combustion: Scientific challenges显示文摘Predictive simulation of engine combustion is key to understanding the underlying complicated physicochemical processes,improving engine performance,and reducing pollutant emissions.Critical issues as turbulence modeling,turbulence-chemistry interaction,and accommodation of detailed chemical kinetics in complex flows remain challenging and essential for highfidelity combustion simulation.This paper reviews the current status of the state-of-the-art large eddy simulation(LES)/probability density function(PDF)/detailed chemistry approach that can address the three challenging modelling issues.PDF as a subgrid model for LES is formulated and the hybrid mesh-particle method for LES/PDF simulations is described.Then the development need in micro-mixing models for the PDF simulations of turbulent premixed combustion is identified.Finally the different acceleration methods for detailed chemistry are reviewed and a combined strategy is proposed for further development. | REN ZhuYin LU Zhen HOU LingYun LU LiuYan | 2014 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2014，57，8： | 5 |
| 4 | Chaperone-mediated Autophagy Regulates Cell Growth by Targeting SMAD3 in Glioma显示文摘Previous studies suggest that the reduction of SMAD3(mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3)has a great impact on tumor development,but its exact pathological function remains unclear.In this study,we found that the protein level of SMAD3 was greatly reduced in human-grade IV glioblastoma tissues,in which LAMP2A(lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A)was significantly up-regulated.LAMP2A is a key ratelimiting protein of chaperone-mediated autophagy(CMA),a lysosome pathway of protein degradation that is activated in glioma.We carefully analyzed the amino-acid sequence of SMAD3 and found that it contained a pentapeptide motif biochemically related to KFERQ,which has been proposed to be a targeting sequence for CMA.In vitro,we confirmed that SMAD3 was degraded in either serum-free or KFERQ motif deleted condition,which was regulated by LAMP2A and interacted with HSC70(heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein).Using isolated lysosomes,amino-acid residues 75 and 128 of SMAD3 were found to be of importance for this process,which affected the CMA pathway in which SMAD3 was involved.Similarly,down-regulating SMAD3 or up-regulating LAMP2A in cultured glioma cells enhanced their proliferation and invasion.Taken together,these results suggest that excessive activation of CMA regulates glioma cell growth by promoting the degradation of SMAD3.Therefore,targeting the SMAD3-LAMP2Amediated CMA-lysosome pathway may be a promising approach in anti-cancer therapy. | Hanqun Liu Yuxuan Yong Xingjian Li Panghai Ye Kai Tao Guoyou Peng Mingshu Mo Wenyuan Guo Xiang Chen Yangfu Luo Yuwan Lin Jiewen Qiu Ziling Zhang Liuyan Ding Miaomiao Zhou Xinling Yang Lin Lu Qian Yang Pingyi Xu | 2022 | Neuroscience Bulletin2022，38，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Experts consensus on the procedure of dental operative microscope in endodontics and operative dentistry显示文摘The dental operative microscope has been widely employed in the field of dentistry,particularly in endodontics and operative dentistry,resulting in significant advancements in the effectiveness of root canal therapy,endodontic surgery,and dental restoration.However,the improper use of this microscope continues to be common in clinical settings,primarily due to operators’insufficient understanding and proficiency in both the features and established operating procedures of this equipment.In October 2019,Professor Jingping Liang,Vice Chairman of the Society of Cariology and Endodontology,Chinese Stomatological Association,organized a consensus meeting with Chinese experts in endodontics and operative dentistry.The objective of this meeting was to establish a standard operation procedure for the dental operative microscope.Subsequently,a consensus was reached and officially issued.Over the span of about four years,the content of this consensus has been further developed and improved through practical experience. | Bin Liu Xuedong Zhou Lin Yue Benxiang Hou Qing Yu Bing Fan Xi Wei Lihong Qiu Zhengwei Huang Wenwei Xia Zhe Sun Hanguo Wang Liuyan Meng Bin Peng Chen Zhang Shuli Deng Zhaojie Lu Deqin Yang Tiezhou Hou Qianzhou Jiang Xiaoli Xie Xuejun Liu Jiyao Li Zuhua Wang Haipeng Lyu Ming Xue Jiuyu Ge Yi Du Jin Zhao Jingping Liang | 2023 | International Journal of Oral Science2023，15，3： | 0 |
| 6 | Protective Effect of the Zhuang Medicine Cryptolepis buchananii Roem. et Schult. on D-GalN-induced Liver Injury in Mice显示文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to study the protective effect of the Zhuang medicine Cryptolepis buchananii Roem. et Schult. on D-galactosamine(D-GalN)-induced liver injury in mice. [Methods] A mouse model of chemical liver injury was established by D-GalN, and the mice with D-GalN-induced liver injury were randomly divided into the blank group, model group, positive control group and drug-administered groups. The levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in the serum of the mice in each group and the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in the liver tissue of the mice were determined, and the liver pathological changes were observed. [Results] The extracts of the Zhuang medicinal herb C. buchananii could reduce the serum ALT and AST levels(P<0.05), increase the SOD content in the liver tissue of mice(P<0.05), and decrease the MDA level(P<0.05). [Conclusions] The Zhuang medicinal herb C. buchananii has a good protective effect on D-GalN-induced liver injury in mice. | Chenyan LIANG Lu ZHANG Ganneng HUANG Yunli TANG Liuyan HE Li WANG Mingcheng CHEN | 2020 | Agricultural Biotechnology2020，9，1： | 0 |
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