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| 1 | Dexamethasone mediates protection against acute pancreatitis via upregulation of pancreatitis-associated proteins显示文摘AIM: To examine the influence of dexamethasone on pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) gene expression using both in vitro and in vivo models of acute pancreati- tis and to study how PAP gene expression correlates with severity of pancreatitis. METHODS: In vitro, IL-6 stimulated pancreas acinar AR42J cells were cultured with increasing concentrations of dexamethasone and assayed for PAP expression (RT-PCR). In vivo , pancreatitis was induced in rats by retrograde injection of 40 g/L taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Animals were pretreated with dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) daily or saline for 4 d. Pancreata and serum were harvested after 24 h and gene expression levels of PAPⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were measured by RT-PCR. Severity of pancreatitis was based on serum amylase, pancreatic wet weight, and histopathological score. RESULTS: In vitro, dexamethasone and IL-6 induced a marked transcription of PAPⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ genes in AR42J cells at 24 h (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). In vivo, pancreas mRNA levels of PAPⅠ, Ⅱ or Ⅲ increased by 2.6-fold, 1.9-fold, and 1.3-fold respectively after dexa- methasone treatment, compared with saline treated ani- mals. Serum amylase levels and edema were significantly lower in the dexamethasone group compared with the saline group. Histopathologic evaluation revealed less inflammation and necrosis in pancreata obtained from dexamethasone treated animals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone significantly decreases the severity of pancreatitis. The protective mechanism ofdexamethasone may be via upregulating PAP gene ex- pression during injury. | Emad Kandil Yin-Yao Lin Martin H Bluth Hong Zhang Gabriel Levi Michael E Zenilman | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，42： | 3 |
| 2 | Study on a supermemory gradient method for the minimization of functions显示文摘 | Cragg E E Levy A V | 1969 | J Optim Theory and Appl1969，4，3： | 3 |
| 3 | Psychosocial mechanisms for the transmission of somatic symptoms from parents to children显示文摘AIM: To examine familial aggregation of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) via parental reinforcement/modeling of symptoms, coping, psychological distress, and exposure to stress.METHODS:Mothers of children between the ages of8 and 15 years with and without IBS were identified through the Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound.Mothers completed questionnaires,including the Child Behavior Checklist(child psychological distress),the Family Inventory of Life Events(family exposure to stress),SCL-90R(mother psychological distress),and the Pain Response Inventory(beliefs about pain).Children were interviewed separately from their parents and completed the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire(beliefs about pain),Pain Response Inventory(coping)and Child Symptom Checklist[gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms].In addition,health care utilization data was obtained from the automated database of Group Health Cooperative.Mothers with IBS(n=207)and their 296 children were compared to 240 control mothers and their 335 children,while controlling for age and education.RESULTS:Hypothesis 1:reinforcement of expression of GI problems is only related to GI symptoms,but not others(cold symptoms)in children.There was no significant correlation between parental reinforcement of symptoms and child expression of GI or other symptoms.Hypothesis 2:modeling of GI symptomsis related to GI but not non-GI symptom reporting in children.Children of parents with IBS reported more non-GI(8.97 vs 6.70,P<0.01)as well as more GI(3.24 vs 2.27,P<0.01)symptoms.Total health care visits made by the mother correlated with visits made by the child(rho=0.35,P<0.001 for cases,rho=0.26,P<0.001 for controls).Hypothesis 3:children learn to share the methods of coping with illness that their mothers exhibit.Methods used by children to cope with stomachaches differed from methods used by their mothers.Only 2/16 scales showed weak but significant correlations(stoicism rho=0.13,P<0.05;acceptance rho=0.13,P<0.05).Hypothesis 4:mothers and children share psychological traits such as anxiety,depression,and somatization.Child psychological distress correlated with mother’s psychological distress(rho=0.41,P<0.001 for cases,rho=0.38,P<0.001 for controls).Hypothesis 5:stress that affects the whole family might explain the similarities between mothers and their children.Family exposure to stress was not a significant predictor of children’s symptom reports.Hypothesis 6:the intergenerational transmission of GI illness behavior may be due to multiple mechanisms.Regression analysis identified multiple independent predictors of the child’s GI complaints,which were similar to the predictors of the child’s non-GI symptoms(mother’s IBS status,child psychological symptoms,child catastrophizing,and child age).CONCLUSION:Multiple factors influence the reporting of children’s gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal symptoms.The clustering of illness within families is best understood using a model that incorporates all these factors. | Miranda AL van Tilburg Rona L Levy Lynn S Walker Michael Von Korff Lauren D Feld Michelle Garner Andrew D Feld William E Whitehead | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 2 |
| 4 | Treatment of relapsing autoimmune pancreatitis with immunomodulators and rituximab: the Mayo Clinic experience显示文摘 | Phil A Hart Mark D Topazian Thomas E Witzig Jonathan E Clain Ferga C Gleeson Robin R Klebig Michael J Levy Randall K Pearson Bret T Petersen Thomas C Smyrk Aravind Sugumar Naoki Takahashi Santhi S Vege Suresh T Chari | 2013 | Gut2013，，11： | 2 |
| 5 | Social learning contributions to the etiology and treatment of functional abdominal pain and inflammatory bowel disease in children and adults显示文摘This paper reviews empirical work on cognitive and social learning contributions to the etiology and treatment of illness behavior associated with functional abdominal pain and inflammatory bowel disease. A particular emphasis is placed on randomized controlled trials, the majority of which are multi-modal in orientation, incorporating elements of cognitive behavioral therapy, social learning, and relaxation. Based on this review, we offer methodological and clinical suggestions: (1) Research investigations should include adequate sample sizes, long-term follow-up assessments, and a credible, active control group. (2) Standard gastrointestinal practice should include, when appropriate, learning opportunities for patients and family members, for example, instruction regarding the encouragement of wellness behavior. | Rona L Levy Shelby L Langer William E Whitehead | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，17： | 2 |
| 6 | Treatment of relapsing autoimmune pancreatitis with immunomodulators and rituximab: the Mayo Clinic experience显示文摘 | Phil A Hart Mark D Topazian Thomas E Witzig Jonathan E Clain Ferga C Gleeson Robin R Klebig Michael J Levy Randall K Pearson Bret T Petersen Thomas C Smyrk Aravind Sugumar Naoki Takahashi Santhi S Vege Suresh T Chari | 2013 | Gut2013，，11： | 2 |
| 7 | Combination strategies to enhance antitumor ADCC显示文摘 | Holbrook E Kohrt Roch Houot Auré lien Marabelle Hearn Jay Cho Keren Osman Matthew Goldstein Ronald Levy Joshua Brody | 2012 | Immunotherapy2012，，5： | 2 |
| 8 | Management of the ageing eyebrow and forehead:an objective dose-response study with betulinum toxin显示文摘 | Levy JL Pons F Jouve E | 2006 | JEADV2006，20，： | 1 |
| 9 | Safety and pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel and the oral roTOR inhibitor everolimus in advanced solid tumours显示文摘 | Campone M Levy V Bourbouloux E | 2009 | Br J Cancer2009，100，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Ischemic brain injury and the therapeutic window 显示文摘 | Pulsinelli W A Jacewiez M Levy D E | 1997 | Ann N Y Acade Sci1997，12，835： | 1 |
| 11 | Rationale for restoration of physiological anticoagulant pathways in patients with sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation 显示文摘 | Levi M de Jonge E van der Poll T | 2001 | Crit Care Med2001，29，7： | 1 |
| 12 | p53 gene transfer to the injured rat carotid artery decreases neointimal formation显示文摘 | Scheinman M Ascher E Levi GS | 1999 | J Vasc Surg1999，29，： | 1 |
| 13 | A correlation between the pretransplantation MELD score and mortality in the first two years after liver transplantation显示文摘 | Onaca N N Levy M F Sanchez E Q | 2003 | Liver Transpl2003，9，： | 1 |
| 14 | Effect of age on sperm fertility potential:oocyte donation as a model显示文摘 | Gallardo E Simon C Levy M | 1996 | Fertil Steril1996，66，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Independent risk factors for atrialfibrillation in a populationg-hased cohort: the Framingham heart study显示文摘 | Benjamin E J Levy D Vaziri S M | 1994 | JAMA1994，271，11： | 1 |
| 16 | The diagnosis of disseminated in- travascular coagulation 显示文摘 | Levi M de Jonge E Meijers J | 2002 | Blood Rev2002，16，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Prediction of pneumatic conveying flow phenomena using commercial CFD software 显示文摘 | Bilirgen H Levy E Yilmaz A | 1998 | Powder Technology1998，95，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Obstetric characteristics andperinatal outcome of pregnancies with uterine leiomyomas显示文摘 | Sheiner E Bashiri A Levy A | 2004 | JReprod Med2004，49，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Stroke in Icelandic patients with hereditary amyloid angiopathy is related to a mutation in the Cystatin C gene, an inhibitor of cysteine proteases 显示文摘 | Levy E Lopez-Otin C Ghiso J | 1989 | J EXP MED1989，169，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Perinatal outcome and complications of pregnancy in women with immune thrombocytopenia purpura显示文摘 | Belkin A Levy A Sheiner E | 2009 | Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine2009，22，11： | 1 |
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