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| 1 | Alcoholic liver disease:Utility of animal models显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) is a major cause of acute and chronic liver injury. Extensive evidence has been accumulated on the pathological process of ALD during the past decades. However, effective treatment options for ALD are very limited due to the lack of suitable in vivo models that recapitulate the full spectrum of ALD. Experimental animal models of ALD, particularly rodents, have been used extensively to mimic human ALD. An ideal animal model should recapitulate all aspects of the ALD process, including significant steatosis, hepatic neutrophil infiltration, and liver injury. A better strategy against ALD depends on clear diagnostic biomarkers, accurate predictor(s) of its progression and new therapeutic approaches to modulate stop or even reverse the disease. Numerous models employing rodent animals have been established in the last decades to investigate the effects of acute and chronic alcohol exposure on the initiation and progression of ALD. Although significant progress has been made in gaining better knowledge on the mechanisms and pathology of ALD, many features of ALD are unknown, and require further investigation, ideally with improved animal models that more effectively mimic human ALD. Although differences in the degree and stages of alcoholic liver injury inevitably exist between animal models and human ALD, the acquisition and translational relevance will be greatly enhanced with the development of new and improved animal models of ALD. | Arantza Lamas-Paz Fengjie Hao Leonard J Nelson Maria Teresa Vázquez Santiago Canals Manuel Gómez del Moral Eduardo Martínez-Naves Yulia A Nevzorova Francisco Javier Cubero | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，45： | 26 |
| 2 | Orthopedic disorders of the knee in hemophilia:A current concept review显示文摘The knee is frequently affected by severe orthopedic changes known as hemophilic arthropathy(HA) in patients with deficiency of coagulation factor Ⅷ or Ⅸ and thus this manuscript seeks to present a current perspective of the role of the orthopedic surgeon in the management of these problems.Lifelong factor replacement therapy(FRT) is optimal to prevent HA,however adherence to this regerous treatment is challenging leading to breakthrough bleeding.In patients with chronic hemophilic synovitis,the prelude to HA,radiosynovectomy(RS) is the optimal to ameliorate bleeding.Surgery in people with hemophilia(PWH) is associated with a high risk of bleeding and infection,and must be performed with FRT.A coordinated effort including orthopedic surgeons,hematologists,physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians,physiotherapists and other team members is key to optimal outcomes.Ideally,orthopedic procedures should be performed in specialized hospitals with experienced teams.Until we are able to prevent orthopedic problems of the knee in PWH will have to continue performing orthopedic procedures(arthrocentesis,RS,arthroscopic synovectomy,hamstring release,arthroscopic debridement,alignment osteotomy,and total knee arthroplasty).By using the aforementioned procedures,the quality of life of PWH will be improved. | E Carlos Rodriguez-Merchan Leonard A Valentino | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，6： | 9 |
| 3 | Dynamic chromatin states in human ES cells reveal potential regulatory sequences and genes involved in pluripotency显示文摘Pluripotency,一个细胞的能力区分并且产生所有胚胎的系,定义象胚胎的茎(ES ) 那样的哺乳动物的细胞类型的一个小数字细胞。当它通常被保持了时,那 pluripotency 是 transcriptional 的产品激活并且维持关键干细胞基因的表达式的规章的网络,积累的证据在建立并且保卫 ES 房间的 pluripotency 为 epigenetic 进程正在指向一个关键角色,象维持区分的房间类型的身份一样。以便更好在 pluripotency 理解 epigenetic 机制的角色,我们检验了在经历区别进一个 mesendodermal 系的人的 ES 房间(hESCs ) 染色体宽的染色质修正的动力学。我们发现在倡导者的染色质修正在区别期间仍然保持大部分不变,除了在在在 H3K27 的 acetylation 和 methylation 之间的一个动态开关标记在基因表示的激活和 silencing 之间的转变的倡导者的一个小数字,建议在在大多数差别上的房间命运承诺的一个层次表示了基因。我们也在 50 000 潜在的 enhancers 上印射,并且在染色质修正,特别 H3K4me1 和 H3K27ac 观察了大得多的动力学,它与他们的潜在的目标基因的表示相关。这些 enhancers 的进一步的分析揭示了 pluripotency 和可以在 hESCs 授与发展胜任的一个平衡状态的一口染色质签名陈述语气的潜在地关键的 transcriptional 管理者。我们的结果提供在定义 enhancers 和 pluripotency 支持染色质修正的角色的新证据。 | R David Hawkins Gary C Hon Chuhu Yang Jessica E Antosiewicz-Bourget Leonard K Lee Que-Minh Ngo Sarit Klugman Keith A Ching Lee E Edsall Zhen Ye Samantha Kuan Pengzhi Yu Hui Liu Xinmin Zhang Roland D Green Victor V Lobanenkov Ron Stewart James A Thomson Bing Ren | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，10： | 6 |
| 4 | The treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy显示文摘 | Leonard A Levin Roy W Beck Michael P Joseph Stuart Seiff Raymond Kraker | 1999 | Ophthalmology1999，，7： | 2 |
| 5 | Knowledge, perception and practices about malaria, climate change, livelihoods and food security among rural communities of central Tanzania显示文摘Background:Understanding the interactions between malaria and agriculture in Tanzania is of particular significance when considering that they are the major sources of illness and livelihoods.The objective of this study was to determine knowledge,perceptions and practices as regards to malaria,climate change,livelihoods and food insecurity in a rural farming community in central Tanzania.Methods:Using a cross-sectional design,heads of households were interviewed on their knowledge and perceptions on malaria transmission,symptoms and prevention and knowledge and practices as regards to climate change and food security.Results:A total of 399 individuals(mean age=39.8±15.5 years)were interviewed.Most(62.41%)of them had attained primary school education and majority(91.23%)were involved in crop farming activities.Nearly all(94.7%)knew that malaria is acquired through a mosquito bite.Three quarters(73%)reported that most people get sick from malaria during the rainy season.About 50%of the respondents felt that malaria had decreased during the last 10 years.The household coverage of insecticide treated mosquito nets(ITN)was high(95.5%).Ninety-six percent reported to have slept under a mosquito net the previous night.Only one in four understood the official Kiswahili term(Mabadiliko ya Tabia Nchi)for climate change.However,there was a general understanding that the rain patterns have changed in the past 10 years.Sixty-two percent believed that the temperature has increased during the same period.Three quarters of the respondents reported that they had no sufficient production from their own farms to guarantee food security in their household for the year.Three quarters(73.0%)reported to having food shortages in the past five years.About half said they most often experienced severe food shortage during the rainy season.Conclusion:Farming communities in Kilosa District have little knowledge on climate change and its impact on malaria burden.Food insecurity is common and community-based strategies to mitigate this need to be established.The findings call for an integrated control of malaria and food insecurity interventions. | Benjamin K Mayala Carolyn A Fahey Dorothy Wei Maria M Zinga Venera M Bwana Tabitha Mlacha Susan F Rumisha Grades Stanley Elizabeth H Shayo Leonard EG Mboera | 2015 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2015，4，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Overwhelming posts plenec tomy infection显示文摘 | Krivit W Giebink GS Leonard A | 1979 | Surg Clin North Am1979，59，2： | 2 |
| 7 | SERVQUAL:A Multiple-Item Scale For Measuring Consumer Perceptions of Service Quality显示文摘 | Parasuraman A Berry Leonard L ZeithamI Valarie A | 1988 | Journal of Retailing1988，64，1： | 1 |
| 8 | A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research显示文摘 | Parasuraman A Valerie A Zeithaml Leonard L Berry | 1985 | Journal of Marketing1985，，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Modeling tetracycline antibiotic sorption to clays显示文摘 | Figueroa R A Leonard A MacKay A A | 2003 | Environmental Science & Technology2003，38，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Mutagenicity,Carcinogenicity and Teratogenicity of Beryllium显示文摘 | Leonard A Lauwyers R | 1987 | Mutation Research1987，186，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Antichymotrypsin is the Human Plasma Inhibitor of Macrophage Ectoenzymes That Cleave Pro-macrophage Stimulating Protein显示文摘 | Skeel A Leonard E J | 2001 | J Biol Chem2001，276，21： | 1 |
| 12 | Carcinogenicity,mutagenicity and teratogenicity of manganese compounds显示文摘 | Gerber G B Leonard A Hantson P | 2002 | Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology2002，42，： | 1 |
| 13 | Superstars in the National BasketballAssociation:Economic Value and Policy显示文摘 | Hausman J A Leonard G K | 1997 | Journal of Labor Eco-nomics1997，15，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Repetitive functionalization of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes: Addition of acid-sensitive addends 显示文摘 | Stephenson J J Hudson J L Leonard A D | 2007 | Chem-istry of Materials2007，19，14： | 1 |
| 15 | Widespread origins of domestic horse lineages显示文摘 | VILA C LEONARD J A GOTHERSTROM A | 2001 | Science2001，291，5503： | 1 |
| 16 | Endothelin B receptor agonist, IRL- 1620, enhances angiogenesis and neurogenesis following cerebral ischemia in rats显示文摘 | Leonard MG Gulati A | | Brain Res0，1528，： | 1 |
| 17 | A conceptual model of Service quality and its implications for future research显示文摘 | Parasuraman A Zeithaml Valarie A Berry Leonard L | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 18 | Modeling tetracycline antibiotic sorotion to clays显示文摘 | Figueroa R A Leonard A MacKay A A | 2004 | Environ Sci Technol2004，38，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Using radial basis functions to approximate a function and its error bounds显示文摘 | Leonard J A Kramer M A Ungar L H | 1992 | IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks1992，3，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Ex vivo expansion of polyclonal and antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by artificial APCs expressing ligands for the T-cell receptor, CD28 and 4-1BB显示文摘 | Maus M V Thomas A K Leonard D G | 2002 | Nat Biotechnol2002，20，： | 1 |
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