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| 1 | Sex differences in cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease显示文摘Sex differences in neurocognitive abilities have been extensively explored both in the healthy population andin many disorders. Until recently, however, little work has examined such differences in people with Alzheimer's disease(AD). This is despite clear evidence that AD is more prevalent in women, and converging lines of evidence from brain imaging, post-mortem analyses, hormone therapy and genetics suggesting that AD affects men and women differently. We provide an overview of evidence attesting to the poorer cognitive profiles in women than in men at the same stage of AD. Indeed, men significantly outperform women in several cognitive domains, including: Language and semantic abilities, visuospatial abilities and episodic memory. These differences do not appear to be attributable to any differences in age, education, or dementia severity. Reasons posited for this female disadvantage include a reduction of estrogen in postmenopausal women, greater cognitive reserve in men, and the influence of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele. Assessment of cognitive abilities contributes to the diagnosis of the condition and thus, it is crucial to identify the role of sex differences if potentially more accurate diagnoses and treatments are to emerge. | Keith R Laws Karen Irvine Tim M Gale | 2016 | World Journal of Psychiatry2016，6，1： | 18 |
| 2 | Factors associated with incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy studies显示文摘AIM:To identify patient risk factors associated with incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy(CE) studies.METHODS:Data from all CE procedures performed at St.Paul's Hospital in Vancouver,British Columbia,Canada,between December 2001 and June 2008 were collected and analyzed on a retrospective basis.Data collection for complete and incomplete CE study groups included patient demographics as well as a number of potential risk factors for incomplete CE including indication for the procedure,hospitalization,diabetes mellitus with or without end organ damage,limitations in mobility,renal insufficiency,past history of bowel obstruction,abdominal surgery,abdominal radiation therapy and opiate use.Risk factors were analyzed using a univariable and multivariable logistic regression model.RESULTS:From a total of 535 CE procedures performed,158 were incomplete(29.5%).The univariable analysis showed that CE procedures performed for overt gastrointestinal bleeding(P = 0.002),and for patients with a prior history of abdominal surgery(P = 0.023) or bowel obstruction(P = 0.023) were significantly associated with incomplete CE studies.Patients on opiate medications(P = 0.094) as well as hospitalized patients(P = 0.054) were not statistically significant,but did show a trend towards incomplete CE.The multivariable analysis showed that independent risk factors for an incomplete CE procedure include prior history of bowel obstruction [odds ratios(OR) 2.77,P = 0.02,95% confidence intervals(CI):1.17-6.56] and procedures performed for gastrointestinal bleeding(Occult OR 2.04,P = 0.037,95% CI:1.04-4.02 and Overt OR 2.69,P = 0.002,95% CI:1.44-5.05).Patients with a prior history of abdominal surgery(OR 1.46,P = 0.068,95% CI:0.97-2.19),those taking opiate medications(OR 1.54,P = 0.15,95% CI:0.86-2.76) and hospitalized patients(OR 1.82,P = 0.124,95% CI:0.85-3.93) showed a trend towards statistical significance.CONCLUSION:We have identified a number of risk factors for incomplete CE procedures that can be used to risk-stratify patients and guide interventions to improve completion rates. | Mitchell M Lee Andrew Jacques Eric Lam Ricky Kwok Pardis Lakzadeh Ajit Sandhar Brandon Segal Sigrid Svarta Joanna Law Robert Enns | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，42： | 10 |
| 3 | Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Perfusion MR Imaging Measurements of Endothelial Permeability: Differentiation between Atypical and Typical Meningiomas显示文摘BACKGROUND: AND PURPOSE: The measurement of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and the volume transfer constant (K(trans)) by means of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) perfusion MR imaging (pMRI) can be useful in characterizing brain tumors. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the utility of these measurements in differentiating typical meningiomas and atypical meningiomas. METHODS: Fifteen patients with pathologically confirmed typical meningiomas and seven with atypical meningiomas underwent conventional imaging and DCE pMRI before resection.rCBV measurements were calculated by using standard intravascular | Law M Zagzag D Golfinos JG Knopp EA Johnson G | 2003 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2003，1，3： | 10 |
| 4 | Effects of phentolamine or yohimbine on naloxone's actions during endotoxin shock in rats显示文摘 | Law W R Mourelatos M G Krahmer R | 1997 | Shock1997，7，3： | 2 |
| 5 | The high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin:structure,genetics and relationship to bread-making quality显示文摘 | Payne P I Harris P A Law C N Holt L M Blackman J A | 1980 | Ann Technol Agric1980，29，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease:evidence on causality from a meta-analysis显示文摘 | Wald DS Law M Morris JK | | British Medical Journal0，，： | 2 |
| 7 | High prevalence of antifungal resistance in Candida spp from patients with AIDS 显示文摘 | Law D Moore C B Wardle H M | 1994 | J Antimicrob Chemother1994，34，5： | 2 |
| 8 | Properties of lead-free solder alloys with rare earth element additions显示文摘 | WU C M L YU D Q LAW C M T WANG L | 2004 | Materials Science and Engineering2004，44，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Dynamic contrast enchanced T2*-weighted MR imaging of gliomatosis cerebri显示文摘 | Yang S Wetzel S Law M | 2002 | AJNR2002，23，3： | 2 |
| 10 | Esophageal lichen planus:A case report and review of the literature显示文摘Esophageal involvement by lichen planus(ELP),previously thought to be quite rare,is a disease much more common in women and frequently the initial manifestation of mucocutaneous lichen planus(LP).Considering that the symptoms of ELP do not present in a predictable manner,ELP is perhaps more under-recognized than rare.To date,four cases of squamous cell carcinoma in association with ELP have been reported,suggesting that timely and accurate diagnosis of ELP is of importance for appropriate follow-up.In this case report,a 69-year-old female presented with dysphagia and odynophagia.She reported a history of oral LP but had no active oral or skin lesions.Endoscopic examination revealed severe strictures and web-like areas in the esophagus.Histologic examination demonstratedextensive denudation of the squamous epithelium,scattered intraepithelial lymphocytes,rare eosinophils and dyskeratotic cells.Direct immunofluorescence showed rare cytoid bodies and was used to exclude other primary immunobullous disorders.By using clinical,endoscopic,and histologic data,a broad list of differential diagnoses can be narrowed,and the accurate diagnosis of ELP can be made,which is essential for proper treatment and subsequent follow-up. | Jennifer A Nielsen Robert M Law Keith H Fiman Cory A Roberts | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，14： | 1 |
| 11 | Automatic generation of redundant models for permutation constraint satisfaction problems显示文摘 | Law Y C Lee J H M Smith B M | 2007 | Constraints2007，12，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Glioma Grading; Sensitivity, Speceficity,and Predictive Values of Perfusion MR Imaging and Proton MR Spectroscopic Imaging Compared with Conventional MR Imaging显示文摘 | Law M Yang S Wang H | 2003 | AJNR2003，24，8： | 1 |
| 13 | A parvo-like virus in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii 显示文摘 | Anderson I G Law A T Shariff M | 1990 | Invertebr Pathol1990，55，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Low-grade gliomas: dynamic susceptibility-weighted eontrastenhaneed perfusion MR imaging-prediction of patient clinical response显示文摘 | LAW M OH S BABB J S | 2006 | Radiology2006，238，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease:evidence on causality from a meta-analysis显示文摘 | Wald DS Law M Morris JK | 2002 | BMJ2002，325，7374： | 1 |
| 16 | Imaging of the intracranial venous system with a contrast-enhanced volumetric interpolated examination显示文摘 | Wetzel SG Law M Lee VS | 2003 | Eur Radiol2003，1395，： | 1 |
| 17 | Quantifying effect of statins on low density lipoprotein cholesterol,ischaemic heart disease,and stroke:systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘 | LAW M R WALD N J RUDNICKA A R | 2003 | BMJ2003，326，7404： | 1 |
| 18 | High grade gliomas and solitary metastases; differentiation by using perfusion and proton spectroscopy MR imaging显示文摘 | Law M Cha S Knopp EA | 2002 | Radiology2002，222，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Comparison of the effects of high-pressure treatments and heat pasteurisation on the whey proteins in goat's milk显示文摘 | Felipe X Capellas M Law A R | 1997 | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry1997，45，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Laminar Burning Velocity and Markstein Lengths of Methane-Air Mixtures显示文摘 | Gu X J Haq M Z Lawes M | 2000 | Combustion and Flame2000，121，12： | 1 |
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