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| 1 | Burn injury prevention in low-and middleincome countries:scoping systematic review显示文摘Background:Burn injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and disability,with the burden of disease being disproportionately higher in low-and middle-income countries(LMIC).Burn prevention programmes have led to significant reductions in the incidence of burns in high-income countries.However,a previous systematic review published in 2015 highlighted that implementation and evaluation of similar programmes has been limited in LMIC.The objective of this scoping review and narrative synthesis was to summarise and understand the initiatives that have been carried out to reduce burn injuries in LMIC and their effectiveness.Methods:We aimed to identify publications that described studies of effectiveness of burn prevention interventions applied to any population within a LMIC and measured burn incidence or burns-related outcomes.Suitable publications were identified from three sources.Firstly,data was extracted from manuscripts identified in the systematic review published by Rybarczyk et al.We then performed a search for manuscripts on burn prevention interventions published between January 2015 and September 2020.Finally,we extracted data from two systematic reviews where burn evidence was not the primary outcome,which were identified by senior authors.A quality assessment and narrative synthesis of included manuscripts were performed.Results:In total,24 manuscripts were identified and categorized according to intervention type.The majority of manuscripts(n=16)described education-based interventions.Four manuscripts focused on environmental modification interventions and four adopted a mixedmethods approach.All of the education-based initiatives demonstrated improvements in knowledge relating to burn safety or first aid,however few measured the impact of their intervention on burn incidence.Four manuscripts described population-based educational interventions and noted reductions in burn incidence.Only one of the four manuscripts describing environmental modification interventions reported burns as a primary outcome measure,noting a reduction in burn incidence.All mixed-method interventions demonstrated some positive improvements in either burn incidence or burns-related safety practices.Conclusion:There is a lack of published literature describing large-scale burn prevention programmes in LMIC that can demonstrate sustained reductions in burn incidence.Populationlevel,collaborative projects are necessary to drive forward burn prevention through specific environmental or legislative changes and supplementary educational programmes. | Kate Price Kwang Chear Lee Katherine E.Woolley Henry Falk Michael Peck Richard Lilford Naiem Moiemen | 2021 | Burns & Trauma2021，9，1： | 4 |
| 2 | 重塑能源-中国:能效在中国面向2050年路线图中的作用显示文摘作为《巴黎协定》承诺的一部分,中国计划在2030年左右达到二氧化碳(CO_2)排放峰值并争取尽早达峰。在研究如何实现上述减排承诺的前提下,中美研究人员组成的团队构建了一个自下而上的中国能源供需综合模型。基于该模型对比分析了两种情景的差异,即沿着当前趋势发展的参考路径情景以及'重塑能源'替代路径情景。'重塑能源'替代路径是指为满足国家需求,在2050年前最大程度地应用当前成本有效的能源效率策略和可再生能源。结果表明,如果中国走更积极的重塑能源路径,那么其二氧化碳排放量可比参考路径提前11年达峰。本文重点分析了在更积极的路径下能源效率策略对于二氧化碳减排的作用。除能源效率外,本研究还分析了燃料替换(从碳密集型燃料转向其他燃料)的减排作用。结果表明,对于重塑能源情景,能源效率提高及相关策略贡献了中国2050年二氧化碳总减排潜力的75%,而燃料替换仅占25%。为在中国实现上述具有显著成本效益的能效潜力。 | Lynn Price Nina Khanna Nan Zhou David Fridley Ali Hasanbeigi Hongyou Lu Feng Wei 戴彦德 田智宇 杨宏伟 白泉 朱跃中 熊华文 张建国 Jon Creyts Kate Chrisman Ellen Franconi Josh Agenbroad Michael Bendewald Yi Ke Robert McIntosh David Mullaney Clay Stranger Daniel Wetzel Cvrd Yee | 2018 | 科学与管理2018，38，3： | 3 |
| 3 | Patient experience of scar assessment and the use of scar assessment tools during burns rehabilitation:a qualitative study显示文摘Background:Scar assessment plays a key role during burns aftercare,to monitor scar remodelling and patients’psychosocial well-being.To aid assessment,subjective scar assessment scales are available that use health-care professionals’and patients’opinions to score scar characteristics.The subjective scales are more widely used in clinical practice over objective scar measures.To date,there is no research that considers patients’views on scar assessment and the role of subjective and objective assessment tools.Therefore,the aim of this qualitative study was to explore patients’perspectives on scar assessment and the utility of scar assessment tools during burns rehabilitation.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 adult burn patients who were being reviewed in clinic for scarring.Participants were recruited via their clinical care team and research nurses at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital,Birmingham,UK.Topics covered during interview included patient experience of scar assessment,the use of scar assessment tools and discussion surrounding important factors to be addressed when assessing scars.A thematic analysis using the Framework Method was conducted.Results:Participants identified key subthemes that contribute towards the overarching theme of patient-centred scar assessment.These are:patient-led care;continuity in care;learning how to self-manage scarring;and psychological assessment.Links were demonstrated between these subthemes and the remaining themes that describe scar assessment strategies,indicating their potential patient-centred contributions.The subjective opinions of clinicians were found to be valued above the use of subjective or objective scar assessment tools.Scar assessment scales were perceived to be a beneficial method for self-reflection in relation to psychosocial function-ing.However,minimal feedback and review of completed assessment scales led to uncertainty regarding their purpose.Patients perceived objective tools to be of primary use for health-care professionals,though the measures may aid patients’understanding of scar properties.Conclusions:Scar assessment tools should be used to support,rather than replace,health-care professionals’subjective judgements of scarring.Adapting the way in which clinicians introduce and use scar assessment tools,according to patient needs,can support a patient-centred approach to scar assessment. | Kate Price Naiem Moiemen Laura Nice Jonathan Mathers | 2021 | Burns & Trauma2021，9，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Hwabyung Experiences Among Korean Immigrant Women in the United States显示文摘 | Jonghyun Lee Anna Martin-Jearld Kate Robinson Susan Price | 2016 | Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences2016，9，2： | 0 |
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