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| 1 | Chronic hepatitis C and liver fibrosis显示文摘Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus(HCV) is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide and predisposes to liver fibrosis and endstage liver complications. Liver fibrosis is the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, including collagen, and is considered as a wound healing response to chronic liver injury. Its staging is critical for the management and prognosis of chronic hepatitis C(CHC) patients, whose number is expected to rise over the next decades, posing a major health care challenge. This review provides a brief update on HCV epidemiology, summarizes basic mechanistic concepts of HCV-dependent liver fibrogenesis, and discusses meth-ods for assessment of liver fibrosis that are routinely used in clinical practice. Liver biopsy was until recently considered as the gold standard to diagnose and stage liver fibrosis. However, its invasiveness and drawbacks led to the development of non-invasive methods, which include serum biomarkers, transient elastography and combination algorithms. Clinical studies with CHC patients demonstrated that non-invasive methods are in most cases accurate for diagnosis and for monitoring liver disease complications. Moreover, they have a high prognostic value and are cost-effective. Non-invasive methods for assessment of liver fibrosis are gradually being incorporated into new guidelines and are becoming standard of care, which significantly reduces the need for liver biopsy. | Giada Sebastiani Konstantinos Gkouvatsos Kostas Pantopoulos | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，32： | 19 |
| 2 | Impact of periampullary diverticula on the outcome and fluoroscopy time in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography显示文摘BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether the presence of periampullary diverticula (PAD) affects technical success and complication rates during endoscopic retrograde cholangio- pancreatography (ERCP). Moreover, the impact of PAD on fluoroscopy duration is still unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the success rate and difficulty of common bile duct (CBD) cannulation, post-procedure complications and fluoroscopy duration in patients with and without PAD. METHODS: Patients from January 2008 to December 2010 with PAD (group A) and without PAD (group B) and similar indications for therapeutic ERCP were prospectively compared. The comparison included patient characteristics, findings of ERCP, and details of procedure and fluoroscopy time. The influence of papilla's location with respect to the diverticulum on procedure was also investigated. RESULTS: A total of 428 consecutive patients who had undergone therapeutic ERCP for similar indications were divided in two groups according to the presence (group A, 107 patients) or absence (group B, 321 patients) of PAD. The mean age and ASA score of the patients with PAD were significantly higher than those patients without PAD. The main indication was choledocholithiasis. Successful final CBD cannulation was achieved in 97.20% of the patients in group A vs 99.69% in group B (P=0.05). CBD diameter, number of stones and the largest stone size were significantly higher in group A thangroup B (P<0.001). Complete clearance of the CBD after the first attempt was achieved in 85.86% and 94.75% of the patients in groups A and B, respectively (P=0.03). In both groups, the time needed to complete the procedure and fluoroscopy time was significantly longer in patients with PAD (22.87 vs 18.99 minutes, P<0.001; 76.51 vs 47.42 seconds, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the complication rate. The type of papilla's location with respect to the diverticulum did not influence the total cannulation rate and post-procedure complications. CONCLUSION: The presence of a PAD does not affect the success rate and complications of therapeutic ERCP in expert hands; however, the fluoroscopy time is significantly longer in patients with PAD. | Panagiotis Katsinelos Grigoris Chatzimavroudis Kostas Tziomalos Christos Zavos Athanasios Beltsis Georgia Lazaraki Sotiris Terzoudis Jannis Kountouras | 2013 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2013，12，4： | 15 |
| 3 | Cholangiocarcinoma:principles and current trends显示文摘BACKGROUND:Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a lethal cancer of the biliary epithelium,originating from the liver(intrahepatic),at the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts(hilar)or in the extrahepatic bile ducts.It is a rare malignancy associated with poor prognosis.DATA SOURCES:We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE database for relevant articles published from 1989 to 2008.The search terms used were related to 'cholangiocarcinoma' and its ' treatment'.Although no language restrictions were imposed initially,for the full-text review and final analysis,our resources only permitted the review of articles published in English.This review deals with the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma,the principles and the current trends.RESULTS:The risks and prognostic factors,symptoms and differential diagnosis are thoroughly discussed.In addition,the tools of preoperative diagnosis such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,digital image analysis,fluorescence in situ hybridization and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography are reviewed.Moreover,the treatment of CCA is discussed.CONCLUSIONS:The only curative treatment available is surgical management.Unfortunately,many patients present with unresectable tumors,the majority of whom die within a year of diagnosis.Surgical treatment involves major resections of the liver,pancreas and bile duct,with considerable mortality and morbidity.However,in selected cases and where indicated,appropriate management with aggressive surgery may achieve a good outcome with a prolonged survival expectancy. | George N Zografos Athanasios Farfaras Flora Zagouri Dimosthenis Chrysikos Kostas Karaliotas | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，1： | 14 |
| 4 | 妊娠期口腔疾病患者的治疗显示文摘随着医疗保健知识的普及,很多人认识到牙周炎等感染性疾病可致胎儿发育异常甚至流产。目前,越来越多的准备怀孕的女性主动到口腔诊室进行潜在牙病处理及口腔保健。怀孕后发生的一系列生理变化,可引发或加剧口腔疾患,并在妊娠各时期出现。对于孕妇的常规口腔疾病治疗,国内传统观点与国外最新观点在检查、治疗、预防宣教等多方面存在不同。口腔医生如何评价孕妇和胎儿的生理指标?在保证孕妇和胎儿安全前提下,如何提供口腔疾病的有效救治?本期争鸣栏目邀请以下几位专家,就妊娠期患者口腔疾病治疗时机的选择、诊疗方案的确定以及孕婴生理指标的评价进行探讨。 | 何平 叶金梅 郭芳 王洪涛 Keiichi Sasaki 洪光 Kostas Zygogiannis 包崇云 刘寅冬 王了 | 2014 | 国际口腔医学杂志2014，41，5： | 12 |
| 5 | Genetic alterations in pancreatic cancer显示文摘The diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is devastating for patients and their relatives as the incidence rate is approximately the same as mortality rate. Only a small percentage, which ranges from 0.4% to 4% of patients who have been given this diagnosis, will be alive at five years. At the time of diagnosis, 80% of pancreatic cancer patients have unresectable or metastatic disease. Moreover, the therapeutic alternatives offered by chemotherapy or radiotherapy are few, if not zero. For all these reasons, there is an imperative need of analyzing and understanding the primitive lesions that lead to invasive pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Molecular pathology of these lesions is the key of our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of this cancer and will probably help us in earlier diagnosis and better therapeutic results. This review focuses on medical research on pancreatic cancer models and the underlying genetic alterations. | Muhammad Wasif Saif Lena Karapanagiotou Kostas Syrigos | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，33： | 10 |
| 6 | Endoscopic treatment and follow-up of gastrointestinal Dieulafoy's lesions显示文摘AIM: To investigate retrospectively the clinical and endoscopic features of bleeding Dieulafoy's lesions and to assess the short- and long-term effectiveness of endoscopic treatment.METHODS: Twenty-three patients who had gastrointestinal bleeding from Dieulafoy's lesions underwent endoscopic therapy. Demographic data, mode of presentation, riskfactors for gastrointestinal bleeding, blood transfusion requirements, endoscopic findings, details of endoscopic therapy, recurrence of bleeding, and mortality rates were collected and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS: Hemostasis was attempted by dextrose 50% plus epinephrine in 10 patients, hemoclipping in 8 patients,heater probe in 2 patients and ethanolamine oleate in 2 patients. Comorbid conditions were present in 17 patients (74%). Overall permanent hemostasis was achieved in 18 patients (78%). Initial hemostasis was successful with no recurrent bleeding in patients treated with hemoclipping, heater probe or ethanolamine injection. In the group of patients who received dextrose 50% plus epinephrine injection treatment, four (40%) had recurrent bleeding and one (10%) had unsuccessful initial hemostasis.Of the four patients who had rebleeding, three had unsuccessful hemostasis with similar treatment. Surgical treatment was required in five patients (22%) owing to uncontrolled bleeding, recurrent bleeding with unsuccessful retreatment and inability to approach the lesion. One patient (4.3%) died of sepsis after operation during hospitalization. There were no side-effects related to endoscopic therapy. None of the patients in whom permanent hemostasis was achieved presented with rebleeding from Dieulafoy's lesion over a mean long-term follow-up of 29.8 mo.CONCLUSION: Bleeding from Dieulafoy's lesions can be managed successfully by endoscopic methods, which should be regarded as the first choice. Endoscopic hemoclipping therapy is recommended for bleeding Dieulafoy's lesions. | Panagiotis Katsinelos George Paroutoglou Kostas Mimidis Athanasios Beltsis Basilios Papaziogas George Gelas Yiannis Kountouras | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，38： | 8 |
| 7 | Wolbachia symbiosis and insect immune response显示文摘细菌的细胞内部的共生在昆虫是很普通的,有在支持生命和生物多样性的进化的重要后果。最近吸引了特别注意的细菌的组是可能在行星上代表最无所不在的 endosymbiont 的 Wolbachia pipientis。W。pipientis 是一克否定应尽细胞内部并且似母亲播送了 l-proteobacterium,那能与节肢动物和线虫建立共生协会。在节肢动物, Wolbachia pipientis 感染在 Arachnida 被描述了,在 Isopoda 并且主要在 Insecta。他们包括 Diptera,翘目,半翅类, Hymenoptera,直翅目和鳞翅目在几乎所有主要昆虫订单被报导了。提高它的传播, W。pipientis 能由导致单性生殖,女性化,男性杀死和细胞质的不兼容操作主人复制。几聚合酶链反应调查显示了多达 70% 所有昆虫种类可以感染 W。pipientis。怎么做 W。pipientis 设法变得在多样的昆虫主人种类确定了?这细胞内部的细菌的共生者种怎么在逃离宿主免疫反应是那么成功的?现在的评论在这块地里介绍最近的进展和进行中的科学努力。这域里的知识的当前的身体被总结,从可得到的 genomic 信息的展现被介绍,迄今为止未答复的问题在一次尝试被讨论介绍 W 的唯一的能力的一幅全面图画。pipientis 将建立共生并且当躲避主人的免疫系统时,操作复制。 | Stefanos Siozios Panagiotis Sapountzis Panagiotis Ioannidis Kostas Bourtzis | 2008 | Insect Science2008，15，1： | 8 |
| 8 | Long-term results of pneumatic dilation for achalasia: A15 years' experience显示文摘AIM: Although most patients with achalasia respond to pneumatic dilation, one-third experienced recurrence, and prolonged follow-up studies on parameters associated with various outcomes are scanty. In this retrospective study, we reported a 15-years' experience with pneumatic dilation treatment in patients with primary achalasia, and determined whether previously described predictors of outcome remain significant after endoscopic dilation.METHODS: Between September 1989 and September 2004, 39 consecutive patients with primary symptomatic achalasia (diagnosed by clinical presentation, esophagoscopy,barium esophagogram, and manometry) who received balloon dilation were followed up at regular intervals in person or by phone interview. Remission was assessed by a structured interview and a previous symptoms score.The median dysphagia-free duration was calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis.RESULTS: Symptoms were dysphagia (n = 39, 100%),regurgitation (n =23, 58.7%), chest pain (n = 4, 10.2%),and weight loss (n = 26, 66.6%). A total of 74 dilations were performed in 39 patients; 13 patients (28%) underwent a single dilation, 17 patients (48.7%) required a second procedure within a median of 26.7 mo (range 5-97 mo), and 9 patients (23.3%) underwent a third procedure within a median of 47.8 mo (range 37-120 mo). Post-dilation lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, assessed in 35 patients, has decreased from a baseline of 35.8±10.4-10.0±7.1 mmHg after the procedure. The median follow-up period was 9.3 years (range 0.5-15 years). The dysphagiafree duration by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 78%, 61%and 58.3% after 5, 10 and 15 years respectively.CONCLUSION: Balloon dilation is a safe and effective treatment for primary achalasia. Post-dilation LES pressure estimation may be useful in assessing response. | Panagiotis Katsinelos Jannis Kountouras George Paroutoglou Athanasios Beltsis Christos Zavos Basilios Papaziogas Kostas Mimidis | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，36： | 7 |
| 9 | Life cycle assessment of open field and greenhouse cultivation of lettuce and barley显示文摘In the present paper,a life cycle assessment(LCA)study regarding barley and lettuce production in Spain(Barrax and Santomera regions)and Italy(Albenga region)in both open field(OF)and standard greenhouse(GH)cultivations was performed in order to evaluate energy consumption and environmental impacts.The study examines also the impact of the use of compost produced from agricultural wastes(AW).In this context,a detailed life cycle directory was created,based on site-specific experimental data,and used for a holistic cradle-to-gate LCA analysis using the GaBi 6 software package and specific related databases.In order to reveal the importance of system boundaries,factors that are often excluded from LCA studies,such as agricultural machinery manufacture,nursery production,waste management and raw materials transportation have been considered.According to the results of this study,the use of compost for fertilization of both crops is considered a good agronomic and ecological strategy in order to maintain productivity in terms of yield,especially in the case of greenhouse cultivation,and improve overall sustainability in the agricultural sector.Moreover,the phases of compost production,irrigation system,and greenhouse construction and operation were identified as the three main‘‘hotspots”with the highest environmental impact and energy contribution in all studied cases.Finally,improvements to reduce those impacts were proposed. | Georgios Bartzas Dimitra Zaharaki Kostas Komnitsas | 2015 | Information Processing in Agriculture2015，2，3： | 7 |
| 10 | Incidence and management of ZIv-aflibercept related toxicities in colorectal cancer显示文摘Ziv-afilbercept(Zaltrap, Ziv) is a humanized fusion protein constructed by joining the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) binding portions of human VEGF receptors 1 and 2 to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin IgG 1. Recently, a randomized, open-label, phase Ⅲ study compared 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan(FOLFIRI)/Ziv with FOLFIRI/placebo in patients who had been previously treated with oxaliplatin based chemotherapy for metastatic colon cancer(mC RC). Patients who had received prior bevacizumab therapy were also eligible. This study showed that the addition of Ziv improved overall survival with median survival time of 13.5 mo vs 12.06 mo in ziv vs placebo arm. Ziv also improved progression free survival from 4.67 mo to 6.9 mo with a response rate of 19.8% in the Ziv/FOLFIRI group vs 11.1% in FOLFIRI alone group. This led to the approval of Ziv in combination with FOLFIRI in metastatic colon cancer patients treated with prior oxaliplatin regimens. The mostcommon side effects were diarrhea, stomatitis, fatigue, hypertension, weight loss, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and headache. As the use of Ziv has become more widespread in oncology practices, familiarity with the toxicity profile of the drug and the use of practice guidelines for their treatment has become increasing important. This review will address the toxicities noted in trials using Ziv for the treatment of mC RC, and will provide recommendations for toxicity management. | Muhammad Wasif Saif Valerie Relias Kostas Syrigos Krishna S Gunturu | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 5 |
| 11 | Partially covered vs uncovered sphincterotome and postendoscopic sphincterotomy bleeding显示文摘AIM: To prospectively compare partially covered vs uncovered sphincterotome use on post-endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy (ES) hemorrhage and other complications. METHODS: All patients referred for therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were randomly assigned to undergo ES either with a partially covered or an uncovered sphincterotome. Both patient and technical risk factors contributing to the development of post-ES bleeding were recorded and analyzed. The characteristics of bleeding was recorded during and after ES. Other complications were also compared. RESULTS: Three-hundred and eighty-seven patients were recruited in this study; 194 patients underwent ES with a partially covered sphincterotome and 193 with conventional uncovered sphincterotome. No statistical difference was noted in the baseline characteristics and risk factors for post-ES induced hemorrhage between the 2 groups. No significant difference in the incidence and pattern of visible bleeding rates was found between the 2 groups (immediate bleeding in 24 patients with the partially covered sphincterotome vs 19 patients with the uncovered sphincterotome, P = 0.418). Delayed bleeding was observed in 2 patients with a partially covered sphincterotome and in 1 patient with an uncovered sphincterotome (P = 0.62). No statistical difference was noted in the rate of other complications. CONCLUSION: The partially covered sphincterotome was not associated with a lower frequency of bleeding. Also, there was no difference in the incidence of other significant complications between the 2 types of sphincterotome. | Panagiotis Katsinelos George Paroutoglou Jannis Kountouras Grigoris Chatzimavroudis Christos Zavos Sotiris Terzoudis Taxiarchis Katsinelos Kostas Fasoulas George Gelas George Tzovaras Ioannis Pilpilidis | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，40： | 5 |
| 12 | Blockchain-Assisted Secure Fine-Grained Searchable Encryption for a Cloud-Based Healthcare Cyber-Physical System显示文摘The concept of sharing of personal health data over cloud storage in a healthcare-cyber physical system has become popular in recent times as it improves access quality.The privacy of health data can only be preserved by keeping it in an encrypted form,but it affects usability and flexibility in terms of effective search.Attribute-based searchable encryption(ABSE)has proven its worth by providing fine-grained searching capabilities in the shared cloud storage.However,it is not practical to apply this scheme to the devices with limited resources and storage capacity because a typical ABSE involves serious computations.In a healthcare cloud-based cyber-physical system(CCPS),the data is often collected by resource-constraint devices;therefore,here also,we cannot directly apply ABSE schemes.In the proposed work,the inherent computational cost of the ABSE scheme is managed by executing the computationally intensive tasks of a typical ABSE scheme on the blockchain network.Thus,it makes the proposed scheme suitable for online storage and retrieval of personal health data in a typical CCPS.With the assistance of blockchain technology,the proposed scheme offers two main benefits.First,it is free from a trusted authority,which makes it genuinely decentralized and free from a single point of failure.Second,it is computationally efficient because the computational load is now distributed among the consensus nodes in the blockchain network.Specifically,the task of initializing the system,which is considered the most computationally intensive,and the task of partial search token generation,which is considered as the most frequent operation,is now the responsibility of the consensus nodes.This eliminates the need of the trusted authority and reduces the burden of data users,respectively.Further,in comparison to existing decentralized fine-grained searchable encryption schemes,the proposed scheme has achieved a significant reduction in storage and computational cost for the secret key associated with users.It has been verified both theoretically and practically in the performance analysis section. | Mamta Brij B.Gupta Kuan-Ching Li Victor C.M.Leun Kostas E.Psannis Shingo Yamaguchi | 2021 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2021，8，12： | 5 |
| 13 | Fever as the only manifestation of hypersensitivity reactions associated with oxaliplatin in a patient with colorectal cancer Oxaliplatin-induced hypersensitivity reaction显示文摘Hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) to oxaliplatin in patients with colorectal cancer include facial ushing, erythema, pruritis, fever, tachycardia, dyspnea, tongue swelling, rash/hives, headache, chills, weakness, vomiting, burning sensations, dizziness, and edema. We report a patient with fever as the sole manifestation of initial HSR, review the literature and discuss the management of HSR. A 57-year-old female with T3N2M0 rectal adenocarcinoma received modified FOLFOX-6. She tolerated the first 8 cycles without any toxicities except grade 1 peripheral neuropathy and nausea. During 9th and 10th infusions, she developed fever to a maximum of 38.3℃ with stable hemodynamic status despite medications. During 11th infusion, she developed grade 3 HSR consisting of symptomatic bronchospasm, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, cough, and fever. On examination, she was pale, cyanotic, with a temperature of 38.8℃, BP dropped to 95/43 mm Hg, pulse of 116/min and O2 saturation of 88%-91%. She was hospitalized for management and recovered in 24 h. Fever alone is not a usual symptom of oxaliplatin HSR. It may be indicative that the patient may develop serious reactions subsequently, as did our patient who developed hypotension with the third challenge. Treatment and prevention consists of slowing the infusion rate, use of steroids and antagonists of Type 1 and 2 histamine receptor antagonists, whereas desensitization could help to provide the small number of patients who experience severe HSR with the ability to further receive an effective therapy for their colorectal cancer. | M Wasif Saif Shailja Roy Leslie Ledbetter Jennifer Madison Kostas Syrigos | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，39： | 4 |
| 14 | 在凝析油油藏里石蜡沉积所造成的井眼损害显示文摘本文通过实验与模拟资料 ,提出了凝析油油藏石蜡沉积结晶的新观点 ,从而揭示了凝析油油藏减产及井眼近处地层损害的原因。文中以墨西哥湾的几种凝结物为例进行了说明 ,并综合分析了温度。 | Kosta J.Leontaritis 吴梅芬 鲍有光 | 2000 | 国外油田工程2000，16，5： | 4 |
| 15 | Endoclipping treatment of life-threatening rectal bleeding after prostate biopsy显示文摘Rectal bleeding is frequently seen in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound(TRUS)-guided multiple biopsy of the prostate,but is usually mild and stops spontaneously.We report what is believed to be the first case of life-threatening rectal bleeding following this procedure,which was successfully treated by endoscopic intervention through placement of three clips on the sites of bleeding.This case emphasizes endoscopic intervention associated with endoclipping as a safe and effective method to achieve hemostasis in massive rectal bleeding after prostate biopsy.Additionally,current data on the complications of the TRUS-guided multiple biopsy of the prostate and the options for treating fulminant rectal bleeding, a consequence of this procedure,are described. | Panagiotis Katsinelos Jannis Kountouras Georgios Dimitriadis Grigoris Chatzimavroudis Christos Zavos Ioannis Pilpilidis George Paroutoglou George Germanidis Kostas Mimidis | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，9： | 4 |
| 16 | Wireless capsule endoscopy in detecting small-intestinal polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis显示文摘AIM:To detect the prevalence of small bowel polyps by wireless capsule endoscopy(WCE)in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP).METHODS:We examined prospectively 14 patients with FAP to assess the location,size and number of small-intestinal polyps.Patients'age,sex,years of observation after surgery,type of surgery,duodenal polyps and colorectal cancer at surgery were analyzed.RESULTS:During WCE,polyps were detected in 9/14(64.3%)patients.Duodenal adenomatous polyps were found in nine(64.3%)patients,and jejunal and ileal polyps in seven(50%)and eight(57.1%),respectively.The Spigelman stage of duodenal polyposis was associated with the presence of jejunal and ileal polyps.Identification of the ampulla of Vater was not achieved with WCE.Importantly,the findings of WCE had no immediate impact on the further clinical management of FAP patients.No procedure-related complications were observed in the patients.CONCLUSION:WCE is a promising noninvasive new method for the detection of small-intestinal polyps.Further investigation is required to determine which phenotype of FAP is needed for surveillance with WCE. | Panagiotis Katsinelos Jannis Kountouras Grigoris Chatzimavroudis Christos Zavos Ioannis Pilpilidis Kostas Fasoulas George Paroutoglou | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，48： | 3 |
| 17 | Integrated Assessment of Natural Hazards, Including Climate Change’s Influences, for Cultural Heritage Sites: The Case of the Historic Centre of Rethymno in Greece显示文摘Within the framework of disaster risk management, this article proposes an interdisciplinary method for the analysis of multiple natural hazards, including climate change’s influences, in the context of cultural heritage. A taxonomy of natural hazards applicable to cultural heritage was developed based on the existing theoretical and conceptual frameworks. Sudden-onset hazards, such as earthquakes and floods, and slow-onset hazards, such as wetting–drying cycles and biological contamination, were incorporated into the hazard assessment procedure. Future alteration of conditions due to climate change, such as change in heat waves’ duration, was also taken into account. The proposed hazard assessment framework was applied to the case of the Historic Centre of Rethymno, a city on the northern coast of the island of Crete in Greece,to identify, analyze, and prioritize the hazards that have the potential to cause damage to the center’s historic structures. The assessment procedure includes climate model projections, GIS spatial modeling and mapping, and finally a hazard analysis matrix to enable the sharing of a better understanding of multiple hazards with the stakeholders.The results can facilitate decision making by providing the vulnerability and risk analysis with the nature and spatial distribution of the significant hazards within the study area and its setting. | Mohammad Ravankhah Rosmarie de Wit Athanasios V.Argyriou Angelos Chliaoutakis Maria Joao Revez Joern Birkmann Maja Zuvela-Aloise Apostolos Sarris Anastasia Tzigounaki Kostas Giapitsoglou | 2019 | International Journal of Disaster Risk Science2019，10，3： | 3 |
| 18 | Contribution of G71R mutation to Gilbert's syndrome phenotype in a Greek patient: A case report显示文摘Gilbert's syndrome is characterized by a benign indirect hyperbilirubinemia.It has often been underestimated and undiagnosed because of its mild symptoms;al-though it is not as rare as was once believed when its frequency was estimated using data originating from biochemical tests.Based on molecular techniques,the occurrence of Gilbert's syndrome has changed,increas-ing to 10% in the Caucasian population.This molecular defect was described,by Bosma et al,in 1995,and af-fects the promoter region of the UGT 1A1 gene.In this case report,our aim is to present a new combination of two molecular defects in a Greek patient with Gilbert' s syndrome.A 13-year-old Greek girl was examined for Gilbert's syndrome using molecular techniques,and an uncommon genotype was revealed comprising the rare mutation G71R in trans with A(TA)7TAA motif.TheG71R mutation according to the literature,as well as our epidemiological data,is rare in Caucasians,while it is common in Asian populations.This is the first case study in the Greek population to report a new genotype for Gilbert's syndrome manifestation in the Caucasian population. | Vassiliki Kalotychou Maria Karakosta Revekka Tzanetea Aleka Stamoulakatou Kostas Konstantopoulos Yannis Rombos | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2011，2，5： | 3 |
| 19 | Dynamic properties of dry sand/rubber (SRM) and gravel/rubber (GRM) mixtures in a wide range of shearing strain amplitudes显示文摘 | Kostas Senetakis Anastasios Anastasiadis Kyriazis Pitilakis | 2011 | Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering2011，，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Disparities in colorectal cancer in African-Americans vs Whites: Before and after diagnosis显示文摘There are differences between African-American and white patients with colorectal cancer, concerning their characteristics before and after diagnosis. Whites are more likely to adhere to screening guidelines. This is also the case among people with positive family history. Colorectal cancer is more frequent in Blacks. Studies have shown that that since 1985, colon cancer rates have dipped 20% to 25% for Whites, while rates have gone up for African-American men and stayed the same for African-American women. Overall, African-Americans are 38% to 43% more likely to die from colon cancer than are Whites. Furthermore, it seems that there is an African-American predominance in right-sited tumors. African Americans tend to be diagnosed at a later stage, to suffer from better differentiated tumors, and to have worse prognosis when compared with Whites. Moreover, less black patients receive adjuvant chemotherapy for resectable colorectal cancer or radiation therapy for rectal cancer. Caucasians seem to respond better to standard chemotherapy regimens than AfricanAmericans. Concerning toxicity, it appears that patients of African-American descent are more likely to develop 5-FU toxicity than Whites, possibly because of their different dihydropyridine dehydrogenase status. Last but not least, screening surveillance seems to be higher among white than among black long-term colorectal cancer survivors. Socioeconomic and educational status account for most of these differences whereas little evidence exists for a genetic contribution in racial disparity. Understanding the nature of racial differences in colorectal cancer allows tailoring of screening and treatment interventions. | Anastasios Dimou Kostas N Syrigos Muhammad Wasif Saif | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，30： | 2 |
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