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| 1 | Diagnosis and management of insulinoma显示文摘Insulinomas,the most common cause of hypoglycemia related to endogenous hyperinsulinism,occur in 1-4 people per million of the general population.Common autonomic symptoms of insulinoma include diaphroresis,tremor,and palpitations,whereas neuroglycopenenic symptoms include confusion,behavioural changes,personality changes,visual disturbances,seizure,and coma.Diagnosis of suspected cases is based on standard endocrine tests,especially the prolonged fasting test.Non-invasive imaging procedures,such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,are used when a diagnosis of insulinoma has been made to localize the source of pathological insulin secretion.Invasive modalities,such as endoscopic ultrasonography and arterial stimulation venous sampling,are highly accurate in the preoperative localization of insulinomas and have frequently been shown to be superior to noninvasive localization techniques.The range of techniques available for the localization of insulinomas means thatblind resection can be avoided.Intraoperative manual palpation of the pancreas by an experienced surgeon and intraoperative ultrasonography are both sensitive methods with which to finalize the location of insulinomas.A high proportion of patients with insulinomas can be cured with surgery.In patients with malignant insulinomas,an aggressive medical approach,including extended pancreatic resection,liver resection,liver transplantation,chemoembolization,or radiofrequency ablation,is recommended to improve both survival and quality of life.In patients with unresectable or uncontrollable insulinomas,such as malignant insulinoma of the pancreas,several techniques should be considered,including administration of ocreotide and/or continuous glucose monitoring,to prevent hypoglycemic episodes and to improve quality of life. | Takehiro Okabayashi Yasuo Shima Tatsuaki Sumiyoshi Akihito Kozuki Satoshi Ito Yasuhiro Ogawa Michiya Kobayashi Kazuhiro Hanazaki | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，6： | 78 |
| 2 | Efficacy and safety of over-the-scope clip: Including complications after endoscopic submucosal dissection显示文摘AIM: To retrospectively review the results of over-thescope clip (OTSC) use in our hospital and to examine the feasibility of using the OTSC to treat perforations after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). METHODS: We enrolled 23 patients who presented with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, fistulae and perforations and were treated with OTSCs (Ovesco Endoscopy GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany) between November 2011 and September 2012. Maximum lesion size was defined as lesion diameter. The number of OTSCs to be used per patient was not decided until the lesion was completely closed. We used a twin grasper (Ovesco Endoscopy GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany) as a grasping device for all the patients. A 9 mm OTSC was chosen for use in the esophagus and colon, and a 10 mm device was used for the stomach, duodenum and rectum. The overall success rate and complications were evaluated, with a particular emphasis on patients who had undergone ESD due to adenocarcinoma. In technical successful cases we included not only complete closing by using OTSCs, but also partial closing where complete closure with OTSCs is almost difficult. In overall clinical successful cases we included only complete closing by using only OTSCs perfectly. All the OTSCs were placed by 2 experienced endoscopists. The sites closed after ESD included not only the perforation site but also all defective ulcers sites.RESULTS: A total of 23 patients [mean age 77 years (range 64-98 years)] underwent OTSC placement during the study period. The indications for OTSC placement were GI bleeding (n = 9), perforation (n = 10), fistula (n = 4) and the prevention of post-ESD duodenal artificial ulcer perforation (n = 1). One patient had a perforation caused by a glycerin enema, after which a fistula formed. Lesion closure using the OTSC alone was successful in 19 out of 23 patients, and overall success rate was 82.6%. A large lesion size (greater than 20 mm) and a delayed diagnosis (more than 1 wk) were the major contributing factors for the overall unsuccessful clinical cases. The location of the unsuccessful lesion was in the stomach. The median operation time in the successful cases was 18 min, and the average observation time was 67 d. During the observation period, none of the patients experienced any complications associated with OTSC placement. In addition, we successfully used the OTSC to close the perforation site after ESD in 6 patients. This was a single-center, retrospective study with a small sample size. CONCLUSION: The OTSC is effective for treating GI bleeding, fistulae as well as perforations, and the OTSC technique proofed effective treatment for perforation after ESD. | Noriko Nishiyama Hirohito Mori Hideki Kobara Kazi Rafiq Shintarou Fujihara Mitsuyoshi Kobayashi Makoto Oryu Tsutomu Masaki | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，18： | 42 |
| 3 | 气象因子对近地面层臭氧浓度的影响显示文摘利用近几年来近地面层臭氧浓度和常规气象要素的观测资料,分析了温度、降水、蒸发、风向风速等气象要素对近地面层臭氧浓度的影响.结果表明,近地面层臭氧浓度随着气温的升高而升高,臭氧浓度的日变化和季节变化有同样趋势;而降水、湿度的影响刚好与气温相反;大风或有雾的天气条件也会成为近地面层臭氧浓度增高的因素,这可能与大风对引起近地面臭氧产生的前体物的搬运作用以及雾内湍流将高层臭氧向下的输送作用有关. | 陈世俭 童俊超 Kazuhiko KOBAYASHI 朱建国 | 2005 | 华中师范大学学报(自然科学版)2005，39，2： | 43 |
| 4 | 近地层高臭氧浓度对水稻生长发育影响研究进展显示文摘臭氧(O3)被认为是最主要的空气污染物之一.目前地球对流层大气中平均O3浓度已经从工业革命前的38nl·L^-1(25~45nl·L^-1,夏季每天8h平均)上升到2000年的50nl·L^-1,悲观估计到2100年近地层O3浓度将上升到80nl·L^-1.水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物,准确评估近地层O3浓度升高对水稻生长发育的影响具有重要意义.本文从叶片伤害特征、光合作用、水分关系、生育期、物质生产与分配、叶片膜保护系统、籽粒产量及产量构成因素等方面,系统收集和整理了气室条件下(包括封闭气室、开放式气室)高O3浓度对水稻生长发育影响的研究进展,并对该领域有待深入研究的方向进行了展望. | 杨连新 王余龙 石广跃 王云霞 朱建国 Kazuhiko Kobayashi 赖上坤 | 2008 | 应用生态学报2008，19，4： | 40 |
| 5 | Biochemical characteristics of neonatal cholestasis induced by citrin deficiency显示文摘AIM:To explore differences in biochemical indices between neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) and that with other etiologies. METHODS:Patients under 6 mo of age who were referred for investigation of conjugated hyperbiliru-binaemia from June 2003 to December 2010 were eligible for this study. After excluding diseases affecting the extrahepatic biliary system, all patients were screened for the two most common SLC25A13 mutations; the coding exons of the entire SLC25A13 gene was sequenced and Western blotting of citrin protein performed in selected cases. Patients in whom homo-zygous or compound heterozygous SLC25A13 mutation and/or absence of normal citrin protein was detected were defined as having NICCD. Cases in which no specific etiological factor could be ascertained after a com-prehensive conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia work-up were defined as idiopathic neonatal cholestasis (INC). Thirty-two NICCD patients, 250 INC patients, and 39 infants with cholangiography-confirmed biliary atresia (BA) were enrolled. Laboratory values at their first visit were abstracted from medical files and compared. RESULTS:Compared with BA and INC patients, the NICCD patients had significantly higher levels of total bile acid (TBA) [all measures are expressed as median (inter-quartile range):178.0 (111.2-236.4) μmol/L in NICCD vs 112.0 (84.9-153.9) μmol/L in BA and 103.0 (70.9-135.3) μmol/L in INC, P = 0.0001]. The NICCD patients had significantly lower direct bilirubin [D-Bil 59.6 (43.1-90.9) μmol/L in NICCD vs 134.0 (115.9-151.2) μmol/L in BA and 87.3 (63.0-123.6) μmol/L in INC, P = 0.0001]; alanine aminotransferase [ALT 34.0 (23.0-55.0) U/L in NICCD vs 108.0 (62.0-199.0) U/L in BA and 84.5 (46.0-166.0) U/L in INC, P = 0.0001]; aspartate aminotransferase [AST 74.0 (53.5-150.0) U/L in NICCD vs 153.0 (115.0-239.0) U/L in BA and 130.5 (81.0-223.0) U/L in INC, P = 0.0006]; albumin [34.9 (30.7-38.2) g/L in NICCD vs 38.4 (36.3-42.2) g/L in BA and 39.9 (37.0-42.3) g/L in INC, P = 0.0001]; glucose [3.2 (2.0-4.4) mmol/L in NICCD vs 4.1 (3.4-5.1) mmol/L in BA and 4.0 (3.4-4.6) mmol/L in INC, P = 0.0014] and total cholesterol [TCH 3.33 (2.97-4.00) mmol/L in N ICCD vs 4.57 (3.81-5.26) mmol/L in BA and 4.00 (3.24-4.74) mmol/L in INC, P = 0.0155] levels. The D-Bil to total bilirubin (T-Bil) ratio was significantly lower in NICCD patients [all measures are expressed as median (inter-quartile range):0.54 (0.40-0.74)] than that in BA patients [0.77 (0.72-0.81), P = 0.001] and that in INC patients [0.74 (0.59-0.80), P = 0.0045]. A much higher AST/ALT ratio was found in NICCD patients [2.46 (1.95-3.63)] compared to BA patients [1.38 (0.94-1.97), P = 0.0001] and INC patients [1.48 (1.10-2.26), P = 0.0001]. NICCD patients had significantly higher TBA/D-Bil ratio [3.36 (1.98-4.43) vs 0.85 (0.72-1.09) in BA patients and 1.04 (0.92-1.14) in INC patients, P = 0.0001], and TBA/TCH ratio [60.7 (32.4-70.9) vs 24.7 (19.8-30.2) in BA patients and 24.2 (21.4-26.9) in INC patients, P = 0.0001] compared to the BA and INC groups. CONCLUSION:NICCD has significantly different bio- chemical indices from BA or INC. TBA excretion in NICCD appeared to be more severely disturbed than that of bilirubin and cholesterol. | Jian-She Wang Xiao-Hong Wang Ying-Jie Zheng Hai-Yan Fu Rui Chen Yi Lu Ling-Juan Fang Takeyori Saheki Keiko Kobayashi | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，39： | 35 |
| 6 | 开放式臭氧浓度升高对2个冬小麦品种光合损伤的研究显示文摘在开放式臭氧浓度升高(ozone-free air controlled enrichment,O3-FACE)平台上,观测了高浓度臭氧(正常大气臭氧浓度的基础上增加50%)对2个冬小麦(TritciumaestivumL.)品种(烟农19和扬麦16)在灌浆期内功能叶片光合损伤的情况.观测显示,整个灌浆期内2个小麦品种有关参数响应的趋势表现一致:净光合速率(Pn)逐渐下降,在臭氧处理35d时,烟农19和扬麦16降幅分别达到56.21%和21.82%.②荧光动力学参数Fv/Fm(最大光化学量子产量)、qp(光化学淬灭系数)、Φexc(PSⅡ有效光化学量子产量)、ΦPSⅡ(PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量)呈下降趋势,NPQ(非光化学淬灭系数)逐渐上升;在能量分配方面,吸收的光能在PSⅡ天线色素的耗散部分(%D)升高、用于PSⅡ光化学反应的部分(%P)降低,而不属于前两者的其它消耗部分(%X)变化不明显.在臭氧处理35d时,烟农19和扬麦16的ΦPSⅡ分别下降24.42%和9.97%.③光合色素参数Chla/Chlb(叶绿素a/叶绿素b)比值上升,而Chlt/Car(叶绿素/叶黄素)的比值下降.④叶绿体内依赖Mg2+、Ca2+的ATPase(ATP酶)活性和ATP含量均增加.上述参数随臭氧处理时间延长,变化幅度和品种间的差异趋于显著,当臭氧处理35d时,变幅最大,且烟农19变幅显著大于扬麦16.结果表明,在臭氧浓度升高环境下,作物通过增加热耗散、改变色素含量和结构、提高ATPase活性等进行防御和损伤修复.随着处理时间的增加,臭氧对冬小麦的光合损伤具有累积效应,且2个品种表现出较大的差异性. | 王亮 曾青 冯兆忠 朱建国 唐昊冶 陈曦 谢祖彬 刘钢 Kazhuhiko Kobayashi | 2009 | 环境科学2009，30，2： | 32 |
| 7 | 日本东北9.0级地震的同震与震后滑动显示文摘大部分强震都发生在海沟,那里是海洋板块向大陆板块俯冲的地方。大量矩震级MW9.0以上的地震发生在若干区域,包括智利,阿拉斯加,堪察加半岛和苏门答腊岛等。位于太平洋板块俯冲鄂霍茨克板块的日本海沟,历史记载上没有发生过MW9.0地震,除了至今震级还有争议的公元869年Jogan大地震[1](可能超过MW9.0)。然而,根据最新的大地测量资料估算的应变积累速率比已发生的板块间地震的平均释放速率要高[2~6]。这一发现又引发了这样的疑问:这些区域如何释放积累的应变。2011年3月11日发生的逆冲型MW9.0强震(下文中均称为日本东北大地震),撕裂了日本东北部的太平洋海岸板块边界。我们报道根据GPS网络监测到的地表位移确定的同震与震后滑动特征。同震滑移区域沿日本海沟方向长约400 km,与震前闭锁区域基本吻合[4]。震后滑动不仅覆盖了同震滑移区域,而且扩展到了其邻区,甚至其影响已经达到100 km深度区域,引起2011年3月25日的MW8.3地震。由于东北地震释放了积累数百年的应变,之前提到的应变积累与释放不平衡的问题可能得到部分解释。这次东北地震同时也提醒我们,即使在过去没有发生过强震的其它海沟地区,也有发生MW9.0强震的潜在危险。因此,利用空间对地形变观测技术监测应变积累,以确定强震潜在危险区是非常重要的。 | Shinzaburo Ozawa Takuya Nishimura Hisashi Suito Tomokazu Kobayashi Mikio Tobita Tetsuro Imakiire 张慧(译) 焦明若(校) | 2011 | 华南地震2011，31，3： | 30 |
| 8 | Overview of Citrin Deficiency:SLC25A13 Mutations and the Frequency显示文摘Citrin deficiency,autosomal recessive disorder,caused by mutation of SLC25A13 gene on chromosome 7q21.3 has two major phenotypes:neonatal intrahepatic cholestatic hepatitis(NICCD)and adult-onset type Ⅱ citrullinemia(CTLN2).So far,we have identified 52 SLC25A13 mutations and diagnosed the patients not only in Japan(166 CTLN2 and 238 NICCD) but also in other countries.We have detected 76 Chinese,13 Korean and 15 Vietnamese patients with the same mutations as Japanese,and 13 patients(from Israel,UK,USA or Czech)with mutations different from those found in Japanese,indicating a wide distribution of citrin deficiency.DNA diagnoses of 13 known SLC25A13 mutations revealed that the carrier frequency was high in East Asian populations:Chinese(73/4 600=1/63),Japanese(21/1 372=1/65) and Korean(25/2 690=1/108),suggesting that near by 100 000 East Asians are homozygotes.It is important to find out patients with citrin deficiency,to treat them,and to prevent onset of severe CTLN2. | Keiko Kobayashi Miharu Ushtkai Yuan - Zong Song Hong - Zhi Gao Jian - Sheng Sheng Ayako Tabata Furnihiko Okumura Sayaka lkeda Takeyori Saheki | 2008 | 实用儿科临床杂志2008，23，20： | 26 |
| 9 | Association between high cystatin C levels and carotid atherosclerosis显示文摘AIM To investigate the association between carotid atherosclerosis and cystatin C(CysC) and to determine the optimal CysC cut-off value.METHODS One hundred twenty-eight subjects were included in this study. Atherosclerosis was defined as a maximum carotid plaque thickness(MCPT) of greater than 2 mm. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the diagnostic value of serum CysC for atherosclerosis. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the CysC cut-off value. We screenedfor diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and exercise behavior. The association between atherosclerosis and CysC levels was assessed using multivariate analysis.RESULTS The subjects were then divided into two groups according to the CysC cut-off value(0.73 mg/L). The median age of the high CysC group was 72 years(85% males), whereas that of the low CysC group was 61 years(63% males). The CysC levels were significantly correlated with Cr and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) values. Bodymass index, visceral fat area, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and MCPT were significantly higher in the high CysC group than in the low CysC group. Furthermore, the eG FR was significantly lower in the high CysC group. Regarding lifestyle habits, only the exercise level was lower in the high CysC group than in the low CysC group. Multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and sex, revealed that high CysC levels were significantly associated with an MCPT of ≥ 2 mm(odds ratio: 2.92; 95%CI: 1.13-7.99).CONCLUSION Higher CysC levels were associated with an MCPT of ≥ 2 mm. The CysC cut-off value of 0.73 mg/L appears to aid in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. | Toshiyuki Kobayashi Hirohide Yokokawa Kazutoshi Fujibayashi Tomomi Haniu Teruhiko Hisaoka Hiroshi Fukuda Toshio Naito | 2017 | World Journal of Cardiology2017，9，2： | 26 |
| 10 | Benefits of early postoperative jejunal feeding in patients undergoing duodenohemipancreatectomy显示文摘瞄准:学习早手术后的肠内的营养是否减少复杂并发症的发生或改进营养的地位追随者 duodenohemipancreatectomy (DHP ) 。方法:我们学习了为一个 peri-ampullary 团经历了 DHP 的 39 个病人。23 个病人收到了全部的父母营养然后开始有在手术后的白天(邮政部门) 之间的营养的口头的吸入 7 和 14 [晚手术后的肠内的营养(LPEN ) 组] 。十六个病人开始有肠内的在手术以后整个空肠造口术导管日子喂[早手术后的肠内的营养(EPEN ) 组] 。在早手术后的阶段的复杂并发症和实验室数据的发生在在 LPEN 和 EPEN 组之间的比较被学习。结果:在 EPEN 组的白朊和全部的蛋白质的浆液层次比在 LPEN 组的那些显著地高。身体团索引的损失显著地作为与 LPEN 组相比在 EPEN 组被压制。在操作比在 LPEN 组在 EPEN 组更快显著地被恢复以后,淋巴细胞计数立即减少了。EPEN 组显著地比 LPEN 组显示出手术后的胰腺的管,以及住院的显著地更短的长度的更少发生。在在二个组之间的另外的手术后的复杂并发症的发生没有有效差量,例如推迟的胃的倒空,外科的地点感染,胆管炎,和小肠阻塞。结论:EPEN 是为为一个 peri-ampullary 团经历了 DHP 的病人的一个安全、有益的机会。 | Takehiro Okabayashi Michiya Kobayashi Isao Nishimori Tekeki Sugimoto Toyokazu Akimori Tsutomu Namikawa Ken Okamoto Saburo Onishi Keijiro Araki | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，1： | 23 |
| 11 | Evaluation and treatment of malignant ascites secondary to gastric cancer显示文摘Malignant ascites affects approximately 10% of patients with gastric cancer(gC), and poses significant difficulties for both patients and clinicians. In addition to the dismal general condition of affected patients and the diversity of associated complications such as jaundice and ileus, problems in assessing scattered tumors have hampered the expansion of clinical trials for this condition. However, the accumulation of reported studies is starting to indicate that the weak response to treatment in g C patients with malignant ascites is more relevant to their poor prognosis rather than to the ascites volume at diagnosis. Therefore, precise assessment of initial state of ascites, repetitive evaluation of treatment efficacy, selection of suitable treatment, and swift transition to other treatment options as needed are paramount to maximizing patient benefit. Accurately determining ascites volume is the crucial first step in clinically treating a patient with malignant ascites. Ultrasonography is commonly used to identify the existence of ascites, and several methods have been proposed to estimate ascites volume. Reportedly, the sum of the depth of ascites at five points(named 'five-point method') on three panels of computed tomography images is well correlated to the actual ascites volume and/or abdominal girth. This method is already suited to repetitive assessment due to its convenience compared to the conventional volume rendering method. Meanwhile, a new concept, 'Clinical Benefit Response in g C(CBR-GC)', was recently introduced to measure the efficacy of chemotherapy for malignant ascites of g C. CBR-GC is a simple and reliable patient-oriented evaluation system based on changes in performance status and ascites, and is expected to become an important clinical endpoint in future clinical trials. The principal of treatment for g C patients with ascites is palliation and prevention of ascites-related symptoms. The treatment options are various, including a standard treatment based on the available guidelines, cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC), laparoscopic HIPEC alone, intravenous chemotherapy, intraperitoneal chemotherapy, and molecular targetingtherapy. Although each treatment option is valid,further research is imperative to establish the optima choice for each patient. | Hiromichi Maeda Michiya Kobayashi Junichi Sakamoto | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，39： | 23 |
| 12 | NAT2*6A, a haplotype of the N-acetyltransferase 2 gene, is an important biomarker for risk of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in Japanese patients with tuberculosis显示文摘AIM: To investigate an association between N -acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2 )-haplotypes/diplotypes and adverse effects in Japanese pulmonary tuberculosis patients. METHODS: We studied 100 patients with pulmonary TB treated with anti-TB drugs including INH. The frequencies and distributions of single nucleotide polymorphisms, haplotypes, and diplotypes of NAT2 were determined by the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method, and the results were compared between TB patients with and without adverse effect, using multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed that the frequency of a variant haplotype, NAT2*6A , was signifi cantly increased in TB patients with hepatotoxicity, compared with those without hepatotoxicity [P = 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 3.535]. By contrast, the frequency of a wild-type (major) haplotype, 'NAT2*4', was signif icantly lower in TB patients with hepatotoxicity than those without hepatotoxicity (P < 0.001, OR = 0.265). There was no association between NAT2-haplotypes and skin rash or eosinophilia. CONCLUSION: The present study shows that NAT2 is one of the determinants of anti-TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Moreover, the haplotypes, NAT2*4 and NAT2*6A, are useful new biomarkers for predicting anti- TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity. | Norihide Higuchi Naoko Tahara Katsunori Yanagihara Kiyoyasu Fukushima Naofumi Suyama Yuichi Inoue Yoshitsugu Miyazaki Tsutomu Kobayashi Koh-ichiro Yoshiura Norio Niikawa, Chun-Yang Wen, Hajime Isomoto,Saburou Shikuwa, Katsuhisa Omagari, Yohei Mizuta, Shigeru Kohno, Kazuhiro Tsukamoto Norio Niikawa Chun-Yang Wen Hajime Isomoto Saburou Shikuwa Katsuhisa Omagari Yohei Mizuta Shigeru Kohno Kazuhiro Tsukamoto | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，45： | 21 |
| 13 | Efficacy of mosapride citrate with polyethylene glycol solution for colonoscopy preparation显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive mosapride citrate for bowel preparation before colonoscopy. METHODS:We conducted a randomized,double-blind, placebo-controlled study with mosapride in addition to polyethylene glycol(PEG)-electrolyte solution.Of 250 patients undergoing colonoscopy,124 were randomized to receive 2 L PEG plus 15 mg of mosapride citrate (mosapride group),and 126 received 2 L PEG plus placebo(placebo group).Patients completed a questionnaire reporting the acceptability and tolerability of the bowel preparation process.The efficacy of bowel preparation was assessed by colonoscopists using a 5-point scale based on Aronchick's criteria.The primary end point was optimal bowel preparation rates(scores of excellent/good/fair vs poor/inadequate). RESULTS:A total of 249 patients were included in the analysis.In the mosapride group,optimal bowel preparation rates were significantly higher in the left colon compared with the placebo group(78.2%vs 65.6%,P<0.05),but not in the right colon(76.5%vs 66.4%,P=0.08).After excluding patients with severe constipation,there was a significant difference in bowel preparation in both the left and right colon(82.4%vs 66.7%,80.8%vs 67.5%,P<0.05,P<0.01).The incidence of adverse events was similar in both groups. Among the subgroup who had previous colonoscopy experience,a significantly higher number of patients in the mosapride group felt that the current preparation was easier compared with patients in the placebo group(34/72 patients vs 24/74 patients,P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Mosapride citrate may be an effective and safe adjunct to PEG-electrolyte solution that leads to improved quality of bowel preparation,especially in patients without severe constipation. | Masahiro Tajika Yasumasa Niwa Vikram Bhatia Hiroki Kawai Shinya Kondo Akira Sawaki Nobumasa Mizuno Kazuo Hara Susumu Hijioka Kazuya Matsumoto Yuji Kobayashi Akira Saeki Asana Akabane Koji Komori Kenji Yamao | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，20： | 21 |
| 14 | Relationship between post-ERCP pancreatitis and the change of serum amylase level after the procedure显示文摘AIM: To clarify the relationship between the change of serum amylase level and post-ERCP pancreatitis. METHODS: Between January 1999 and December 2002, 1291 ERCP-related procedures were performed. Serum amylase concentrations were measured before the procedure and 3, 6, and 24 h afterward. The frequency and severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis and the relationship between these phenomena and the change in amylase level were estimated. RESULTS: Post-ERCP pancreatitis occurred in 47 patients (3.6%). Pancreatitis occurred in 1% of patients with normal amylase levels 3 h after ERCP, and in 1%, 5%, 20%, 31% and 39% of patients with amylase levels elevated 1-2 times, 2-3 times, 3-5 times, 5-10 times and over 10 times the upper normal limit at 3 h after ERCP, respectively (level < 2 times vs ≥ 2 times, P < 0.001). Of the 143 patients with levels higher than the normal limit at 3 h after ERCP followed by elevation at 6 h, pancreatitis occurred in 26%. In contrast, pancreatitis occurred in 9% of 45 patients with a level higher than two times the normal limit at 3 h after ERCP followed by a decrease at 6 h (26% vs 9%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Post-ERCP pancreatitis is frequently associated with an increase in serum amylase level greater than twice the normal limit at 3 h after ERCP with an elevation at 6 h. A decrease in amylase level at 6 h after ERCP suggests the unlikelihood of development of post-ERCP pancreatitis. | Kei Ito Naotaka Fujita Yutaka Noda Go Kobayashi Jun Horaguchi Osamu Takasawa Takashi Obana | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，28： | 19 |
| 15 | Mutual interaction between oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of diseases specifically focusing on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Reactive oxygen species(ROS) are produced during normal physiologic processes with the consumption of oxygen. While ROS play signaling roles, when they are produced in excess beyond normal antioxidative capacity this can cause pathogenic damage to cells. The majority of such oxidation occurs in polyunsaturated fatty acids and sulfhydryl group in proteins, resulting in lipid peroxidation and protein misfolding, respectively. The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER) is enhanced under conditions of oxidative stress and results in ER stress, which, together, leads to the malfunction of cellular homeostasis. Multiple types of defensive machinery are activated in unfolded protein response under ER stress to resolve this unfavorable situation. ER stress triggers the malfunction of protein secretion and is associated with a variety of pathogenic conditions including defective insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and accelerated lipid droplet formation in hepatocytes. Herein we use nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) as an illustration of such pathological liver conditions that result from ER stress in association with oxidative stress. Protecting the ER by eliminating excessive ROS viathe administration of antioxidants or by enhancing lipidmetabolizing capacity via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors represent promising therapeutics for NAFLD. | Junichi Fujii Takujiro Homma Sho Kobayashi Han Geuk Seo | 2018 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2018，9，1： | 17 |
| 16 | Mechanism of T cell hyporesponsiveness to HBcAg is associated with regulatory T cells in chronic hepatitis B显示文摘瞄准:由严峻的 TH1 和 TH2 承诺和规章的 T 房间学习 HBV 特定的 CD4+ T 房间的 hyporesponsiveness 的机制。方法:有长期的肝炎 B 的九个病人被注册。外部血单音的原子房间与 HBcAg 或 HBsAg 被刺激评估他们的潜力承诺 TH1 和 TH2 区别。规章的 T 房间的 HBcAg 特定的活动被与抗体染色到 CD4, CD25, CTLA-4 和 interleukin-10 评估。规章的 T 房间的角色被治疗进一步与 anti-interleukin-10 抗体和 CD4+CD25+ 房间的弄空估计。结果:为 T 赌注, IL-12R beta2 和 IL-4 的 mRNAs 的水平比在有 HBcAg 刺激的健康题目在病人是显著地更低的。尽管 CD4+CD25highCTLA-4+ T 房间的人口不在病人和健康题目之间是不同的, IL-10 secreting 房间响应 HBcAg 在病人在 CD4+ 房间和 CD4+CD25+ 房间被发现,并且他们没在与 HBsAg 被刺激的房间被发现。anti-IL-10 抗体的增加与控制抗体相比恢复了 HBcAg 特定的 TH1 抗体的数量(P <
0.01, 0.34%+/-0.12% 对 0.15%+/-0.04%) 。当时, CD4+CD25+ T 房间的删除增加了 HBcAg 特定的 TH1 抗体的数量与淋巴细胞相比使用规章的 T 房间重新组成(P <
0.01, 0.03%+/-0.02% 对 0.18%+/-0.05%) 。结论:结果显示到 HBcAg 的 T 房间 hyporesponsiveness 的机制响应 HBsAg 与承诺 TH2 的房间的增加相对照包括导致 HBcAg 的规章的 T 房间的激活。 | Yasuteru Kondo Koju Kobayashi Yoshiyuki Ueno Masaaki Shiina Hirofumi Niitsuma Noriatsu Kanno Tomoo Kobayashi Tooru Shimosegawa | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，27： | 16 |
| 17 | 壳多糖对脂肪代谢的调控及饲用效果显示文摘壳多糖对脂肪代谢的调控及饲用效果ShigekiKobayashi等著张倩摘译郭年藩校壳多糖(chintin)是世界上最丰富的多糖之一,是贝鱼类(shelfish)的加工废弃物。最近发现这种海产资源具有独特的粘合特性,有可能用于调控脂肪代谢。肉鸡和火鸡... | Shigeki Kobayashi 张倩 郭年藩 | 1997 | 国外畜牧科技1997，24，2： | 15 |
| 18 | Metabolomic Screening Applied to Rice FOX Arabidopsis Lines Leads to the Identification of a Gene-Changing Nitrogen Metabolism显示文摘植物 metabolomics 作为一个强大的工具发展了检验基因功能并且获得更深的卓见进植物房间的生理学。在这研究,我们屏蔽了 Arabidopsis 线 overexpressing 米饭全身(FL ) 用煤气的 chromatographytime-of-flight 团 spectrometry (GCTOF/MS ) 的 cDNAs (米饭狐狸 Arabidopsis 线) 基于技术识别引起了新陈代谢的变化的米饭基因。这个屏蔽系统允许显示出改变的代谢物侧面的候选人线的快、可靠的鉴定。我们执行了怀有 Arabidopsis 的侧面的机关边界(高球) 领域(LBD )/Asymmetric 象 Leaves2 一样(ASL ) 基因的米饭 ortholog 的 FL cDNA 的一根米饭狐狸 Arabidopsis 线的 metabolomic 和 transcriptomic 分析, At-LBD37/ASL39。调查米饭狐狸 Arabidopsis 线在与氮新陈代谢有关的代谢物的层次显示出突出的变化。象从 Arabidopsis At-LBD37/ASL39-overexpressor 植物的代谢物分析的结果一样的 transcriptomic 数据与这些调查结果一致。而且, Os-LBD37/ASL39-overexpressing 米饭植物的 metabolomic 和 transcriptomic 分析显示 Os-LBD37/ASL39 在米饭与与氮新陈代谢有关的过程被联系。因此,一个基于 metabolomics 的屏蔽方法的联合和一条 gain-of-function 途径为在 Arabidopsis 和米饭的新奇基因的快速的描述是有用的。 | Doris Albinsky Miyako Kusano Mieko Higuchi Naomi Hayashi Makoto Kobayashi Atsushi Fukushima Masaki Mori Takanari Ichikawa Keiko Matsui Hirofumi Kuroda Yoko Horii Yuko Tsumoto Hitoshi Sakakibara Hirohiko Hirochika Minami Matsui Kazuki Saito | 2010 | Molecular Plant2010，3，1： | 15 |
| 19 | Advances in understanding and treating liver diseases during pregnancy:A review显示文摘Liver disease in pregnancy is rare but pregnancyrelated liver diseases may cause threat to fetal and maternal survival.It includes pre-eclampsia;eclampsia;haemolysis,elevated liver enzymes,and low platelets syndrome;acute fatty liver of pregnancy;hyperemesis gravidarum;and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.Recent basic researches have shown the various etiologies involved in this disease entity.With these advances,rapid diagnosis is essential for severe cases since the decision of immediate delivery is important for maternal and fetal survival.The other therapeutic options have also been shown in recent reports based on the clinical trials and cooperation and information sharing between hepatologist and gynecologist is important for timely therapeutic intervention.Therefore,correct understandings of diseases and differential diagnosis from the pre-existing and co-incidental liver diseases during the pregnancy will help to achieve better prognosis.Therefore,here we review and summarized recent advances in understanding the etiologies,clinical courses and management of liver disease in pregnancy.This information will contribute to physicians for diagnosis of disease and optimum management of patients. | Kenya Kamimura Hiroyuki Abe Hirokazu Kawai Hiroteru Kamimura Yuji Kobayashi Minoru Nomoto Yutaka Aoyagi Shuji Terai | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，17： | 15 |
| 20 | Patients with early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma have poor prognosis显示文摘BACKGROUND: Early recurrence(ER) after hepatic resection(HR) is a poor prognostic factor for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). This study aimed to identify the clinicopathological features, outcomes, and risk factors for ER after HR for small HCC in order to clarify the reasons why ER is a worse recurrence pattern.METHODS: We retrospectively examined 130 patients who underwent HR for small HCC(≤30 mm). Recurrence was classified into ER(<2 years) and late recurrence(LR)(≥2 years). The clinicopathological features, outcomes, and risk factors for ER were analyzed by multivariate analysis.RESULTS: ER was observed in 39 patients(30.0%). The survival rate of the ER group was significantly lower than that of the LR group(P<0.005), and ER was an independent prognostic factor for poor survival(P=0.0001). The ER group had a significantly higher frequency(P=0.0039) and shorter interval(P=0.027) of development to carcinoma beyond the Milan criteria(DBMC) compared with the LR group, and ER was an independent risk factor for DBMC(P<0.0001). Multi-nodularity, non-simple nodular type, and microvascular invasion were independent predictors for ER(P=0.012, 0.010, and 0.019, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: ER was a highly malignant recurrence pattern associated with DBMC and subsequent poor survival after HR for small HCC. Multi-nodularity, non-simple nodular type, and microvascular invasion predict ER, and taking these factors into consideration may be useful for the decision of the treatment strategy for small HCC after HR. | Tomoki Kobayashi Hiroshi Aikata Tsuyoshi Kobayashi Hideki Ohdan Koji Arihiro Kazuaki Chayama | 2017 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2017，16，3： | 15 |
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