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| 1 | Role of antispasmodics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a long-lasting,relapsing disorder characterized by abdominal pain/discomfort and altered bowel habits.Intestinal motility impairment and visceral hypersensitivity are the key factors among its multifactorial pathogenesis,both of which require effective treatment.Voltage-gated calcium channels mediate smooth muscle contraction and endocrine secretion and play important roles in neuronal transmission.Antispasmodics are a group of drugs that have been used in the treatment of IBS for decades.Alverine citrate,a spasmolytic,decreases the sensitivity of smooth muscle contractile proteins to calcium,and it is a selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist.Alverine,in combination with simethicone,has been demonstrated to effectively reduce abdominal pain and discomfort in a large placebo-controlled trial.Mebeverine is a musculotropic agent that potently blocks intestinal peristalsis.Non-placebo-controlled trials have shown positive effects of mebeverine in IBS regarding symptom control;nevertheless,in recent placebo-controlled studies,mebeverine did not exhibit superiority over placebo.Otilonium bromide is poorly absorbed from the GI tract,where it acts locally as an L-type calcium channel blocker,an antimuscarinic and a tachykinin NK2receptor antagonist.Otilonium has effectively reduced pain and improved defecation alterations in placebocontrolled trials in IBS patients.Pinaverium bromide is also an L-type calcium channel blocker that acts locally in the GI tract.Pinaverium improves motility disorders and consequently reduces stool problems in IBS patients.Phloroglucinol and trimethylphloroglucinol are non-specific antispasmodics that reduced pain in IBS patients in a placebo-controlled trial.Antispasmodics have excellent safety profiles.T-type calcium channel blockers can abolish visceral hypersensitivity in animal models,which makes them potential candidates for the development of novel therapeutic agents in the treatment of IBS. | Anita Annaházi Richárd Róka András Rosztóczy Tibor Wittmann | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，20： | 15 |
| 2 | 口服抗栓药物预防非瓣膜性房颤患者的卒中:美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会的科学建议显示文摘成年房颤患者的卒中发生率,依据合并症和既往脑血管事件史,为每年1%~20%不等(平均每年为4.5%)。对卒中风险的分层非常重要,因为用抗栓药降低房颤导致卒中的主要风险是出血。如华法令在减少缺血性事件风险的同时,每年有1%~12% | 戴若莲 糜建华 华驾略 董荃 苏爱萍 李焰生 Furie KL Goldstein LB Albers GW Khatri P Neyens R Turakhia MP Turan TN Wood KA | 2012 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2012，9，3： | 12 |
| 3 | Interplay between nitric oxide and VIP in CCK-8-induced phasic contractile activity in the rabbit sphincter of Oddi显示文摘AIM: The sphincter of Oddi (SO) plays an important role in delivery of bile into the duodenum. To establish whether vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and nitric oxide (NO) were involved in phasic contractile activity of the rabbit SO stimulated by cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8).METHODS: Isolated SO muscle rings were cleaned of fat and mounted horizontally on two small L-shaped hooksone of which was connected to a force transducer for the measurement of isometric tension. The experiments were carried out in a thermostatically controlled (37±0.2℃)organ bath (5 mL) containing Krebs solution. The organ fluid was gassed with 95% O2 and 50 mL/L CO2 to keep the pH at 7.40±0.05. Contractile responses to CCK-8 (1μmol/L) were evaluated in the presence and absence of N^G-nitro-L-arginine (LNNA), an inhibitor of NO synthase (100μmol/L), and (p-chloro-D-Phe^6-Leu^17)-VIP (VIPa,30μmol/L), a VIP receptor antagonist.RESULTS: CCK-8 stimulated the phasic activity of the SO.NO synthase inhibition increased the frequency and amplitude of contractions with a slight increase in developed tension.Pre-incubation with VIPa also attenuated this CCK-8 effect.The combined application of LNNA and VIPa abolished the phasic activity of the muscle rings with a marked increase in tension in response to CCK-8.CONCLUSION: VIP and NO together contribute to an increase in phasic activity of SO. | Attila Pálv(o|¨)lgyi Réka Sári József Németh Annamária Szabolcs István Nagy Péter Hegyi János Lonovics Zoltán Szilvássy | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，21： | 11 |
| 4 | Epidemiologic characteristics of Helicobacter pylori infection in southeast Hungary显示文摘BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have revealed a decrease in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection in Western Europe.AIM To obtain data regarding the prevalence of H.pylori in Csongrád and Békés Counties in Hungary,evaluate the differences in its prevalence between urban and rural areas,and establish factors associated with positive seroprevalence.METHODS One-thousand and one healthy blood donors[male/female:501/500,mean age:40(19–65)years]were enrolled in this study.Subjects were tested for H.pylori IgG antibody positivity via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Subgroup analysis by age,gender,smoking habits,alcohol consumption,and urban vs nonurban residence was also performed.RESULTS The overall seropositivity of H.pylori was 32%.It was higher in males(34.93%vs 29.2%,P=0.0521)and in rural areas(36.2%vs 27.94%,P=0.0051).Agricultural/industrial workers were more likely to be positive for infection than office workers(38.35%vs 30.11%,P=0.0095)and rural subjects in Békés County than those in Csongrád County(43.36%vs 33.33%,P=0.0015).CONCLUSION Although the prevalence of H.pylori infection decreased in recent decades in Southeast Hungary,it remains high in middle-aged rural populations.Generally accepted risk factors for H.pylori positivity appeared to be valid for the studied population. | Lenke Bálint Andrea Tiszai Gábor Kozák Ilona Dóczi Veronika Szekeres Orsolya Inczefi Georgina Ollé Krisztina Helle Richárd Róka András Rosztóczy | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，42： | 5 |
| 5 | Fungal diversity notes 111-252-taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa显示文摘This paper is a compilation of notes on 142 fungal taxa,including five new families,20 new genera,and 100 new species,representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range.The new families,Ascocylindricaceae,Caryosporaceae and Wicklowiaceae(Ascomycota)are introduced based on their distinct lineages and unique morphology.The new Dothideomycete genera Pseudomassariosphaeria(Amniculicolaceae),Heracleicola,Neodidymella and Pseudomicrosphaeriopsis(Didymellaceae),Pseudopithomyces(Didymosphaeriaceae),Brunneoclavispora,Neolophiostoma and Sulcosporium(Halotthiaceae),Lophiohelichrysum(Lophiostomataceae),Galliicola,Populocrescentia and Vagicola(Phaeosphaeriaceae),Ascocylindrica(Ascocylindricaceae),Elongatopedicellata(Roussoellaceae),Pseudoasteromassaria(Latoruaceae)and Pseudomonodictys(Macrodiplodiopsidaceae)are introduced.The newly described species of Dothideomycetes(Ascomycota)are Pseudomassariosphaeria bromicola(Amniculicolaceae),Flammeascoma lignicola(Anteagloniaceae),Ascocylindrica marina(Ascocylindricaceae),Lembosia xyliae(Asterinaceae),Diplodia crataegicola and Diplodia galiicola(Botryosphaeriaceae),Caryospora aquatica(Caryosporaceae),Heracleicola premilcurensis and Neodidymella thailandicum(Didymellaceae),Pseudopithomyces palmicola(Didymosphaeriaceae),Floricola viticola(Floricolaceae),Brunneoclavispora bambusae,Neolophiostoma pigmentatum and Sulcosporium thailandica(Halotthiaceae),Pseudoasteromassaria fagi(Latoruaceae),Keissleriella dactylidicola(Lentitheciaceae),Lophiohelichrysum helichrysi(Lophiostomataceae),Aquasubmersa japonica(Lophiotremataceae),Pseudomonodictys tectonae(Macrodiplodiopsidaceae),Microthyrium buxicola and Tumidispora shoreae(Microthyriaceae),Alloleptosphaeria clematidis,Allophaeosphaeria cytisi,Allophaeosphaeria subcylindrospora,Dematiopleospora luzulae,Entodesmium artemisiae,Galiicola pseudophaeosphaeria,Loratospora luzulae,Nodulosphaeria senecionis,Ophiosphaerella aquaticus,Populocrescentia forlicesenensis and Vagicola vagans(Phaeosphaeriaceae),Elongatopedicellata lignicola,Roussoella magnatum and Roussoella angustior(Roussoellaceae)and Shrungabeeja longiappendiculata(Tetraploasphaeriaceae).The new combinations Pseudomassariosphaeria grandispora,Austropleospora archidendri,Pseudopithomyces chartarum,Pseudopithomyces maydicus,Pseudopithomyces sacchari,Vagicola vagans,Punctulariopsis cremeoalbida and Punctulariopsis efibulata Dothideomycetes.The new genera Dictyosporella(Annulatascaceae),and Tinhaudeus(Halosphaeriaceae)are introduced in Sordariomycetes(Ascomycota)while Dictyosporella aquatica(Annulatascaceae),Chaetosphaeria rivularia(Chaetosphaeriaceae),Beauveria gryllotalpidicola and Beauveria loeiensis(Cordycipitaceae),Seimatosporium sorbi and Seimatosporium pseudorosarum(Discosiaceae),Colletotrichum aciculare,Colletotrichum fusiforme and Colletotrichum hymenocallidicola(Glomerellaceae),Tinhaudeus formosanus(Halosphaeriaceae),Pestalotiopsis subshorea and Pestalotiopsis dracaenea(Pestalotiopsiceae),Phaeoacremonium tectonae(Togniniaceae),Cytospora parasitica and Cytospora tanaitica(Valsaceae),Annulohypoxylon palmicola,Biscogniauxia effusae and Nemania fusoideis(Xylariaceae)are introduced as novel species to order Sordariomycetes.The newly described species of Eurotiomycetes are Mycocalicium hyaloparvicellulum(Mycocaliciaceae).Acarospora septentrionalis and Acarospora castaneocarpa(Acarosporaceae),Chapsa multicarpa and Fissurina carassensis(Graphidaceae),Sticta fuscotomentosa and Sticta subfilicinella(Lobariaceae)are newly introduced in class Lecanoromycetes.In class Pezizomycetes,Helvella pseudolacunosa and Helvella rugosa(Helvellaceae)are introduced as new species.The new families,Dendrominiaceae and Neoantrodiellaceae(Basidiomycota)are introduced together with a new genus Neoantrodiella(Neoantrodiellaceae),here based on both morphology coupled with molecular data.In the class Agaricomycetes,Agaricus pseudolangei,Agaricus haematinus,Agaricus atrodiscus and Agaricus exilissimus(Agaricaceae),Amanita melleialba,Amanita pseudosychnopyramis and Amanita subparvipantherina(Amanitaceae),Entoloma calabrum,Cora barbulata,Dictyonema gomezianum and Inocybe granulosa(Inocybaceae),Xerocomellus sarnarii(Boletaceae),Cantharellus eucalyptorum,Cantharellus nigrescens,Cantharellus tricolor and Cantharellus variabilicolor(Cantharellaceae),Cortinarius alboamarescens,Cortinarius brunneoalbus,Cortinarius ochroamarus,Cortinarius putorius and Cortinarius seidlii(Cortinariaceae),Hymenochaete micropora and Hymenochaete subporioides(Hymenochaetaceae),Xylodon ramicida(Schizoporaceae),Colospora andalasii(Polyporaceae),Russula guangxiensis and Russula hakkae(Russulaceae),Tremella dirinariae,Tremella graphidis and Tremella pyrenulae(Tremellaceae)are introduced.Four new combinations Neoantrodiella gypsea,Neoantrodiella thujae(Neoantrodiellaceae),Punctulariopsis cremeoalbida,Punctulariopsis efibulata(Punctulariaceae)are also introduced here for the division Basidiomycota.Furthermore Absidia caatinguensis,Absidia koreana and Gongronella koreana(Cunninghamellaceae),Mortierella pisiformis and Mortierella formosana(Mortierellaceae)are newly introduced in the Zygomycota,while Neocallimastix cameroonii and Piromyces irregularis(Neocallimastigaceae)are introduced in the Neocallimastigomycota.Reference specimens or changes in classification and notes are provided for Alternaria ethzedia,Cucurbitaria ephedricola,Austropleospora,Austropleospora archidendri,Byssosphaeria rhodomphala,Lophiostoma caulium,Pseudopithomyces maydicus,Massariosphaeria,Neomassariosphaeria and Pestalotiopsis montellica. | Hiran A.Ariyawansa Kevin D.Hyde Subashini C.Jayasiri Bart Buyck K.W.Thilini Chethana Dong Qin Dai Yu Cheng Dai Dinushani A.Daranagama Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Robert Lücking Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad Tuula Niskanen Kasun M.Thambugala Kerstin Voigt Rui Lin Zhao Guo-Jie Li Mingkwan Doilom Saranyaphat Boonmee Zhu L.Yang Qing Cai Yang-Yang Cui Ali H.Bahkali Jie Chen Bao Kai Cui Jia Jia Chen Monika C.Dayarathne Asha J.Dissanayake Anusha H.Ekanayaka Akira Hashimoto Sinang Hongsanan E.B.Gareth Jones Ellen Larsson Wen Jing Li Qi-Rui Li Jian Kui Liu Zong Long Luo Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Ausana Mapook Eric H.C.McKenzie Chada Norphanphoun Sirinapa Konta Ka Lai Pang Rekhani H.Perera Rungtiwa Phookamsak Chayanard Phukhamsakda Umpava Pinruan Emile Randrianjohany Chonticha Singtripop Kazuaki Tanaka Cheng Ming Tian Saowaluck Tibpromma Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Nalin N.Wijayawardene Jin-Feng Zhang Huang Zhang Faten A.Abdel-Aziz Mats Wedin Martin Westberg Joseph F.Ammirati Timur S.Bulgakov Diogo X.Lima Tony M.Callaghan Philipp Callac Cheng-Hao Chang Luis F.Coca Manuela Dal-Forno Veronika Dollhofer Kateřina Fliegerová Katrin Greiner Gareth W.Griffith Hsiao-Man Ho Valerie Hofstetter Rajesh Jeewon Ji Chuan Kang Ting-Chi Wen Paul M.Kirk Ilkka Kytövuori James D.Lawrey Jia Xing Hong Li Zou Yi Liu Xing Zhong Liu Kare Liimatainen H.Thorsten Lumbsch Misato Matsumura Bibiana Moncada Salilaporn Nuankaew Sittiporn Parnmen AndréL.C.M.de Azevedo Santiago Sujinda Sommai Yu Song Carlos A.F.de Souza Cristina M.de Souza-Motta Hong Yan Su Satinee Suetrong Yong Wang Syuan-Fong Wei Ting Chi Wen Hai Sheng Yuan Li Wei Zhou Martina Réblová Jacques Fournier Erio Camporesi J.Jennifer Luangsa-ard Kanoksri Tasanathai Artit Khonsanit Donnaya Thanakitpipattana Sayanh Somrithipol Paul Diederich Ana M.Millanes Ralph S.Common Marc Stadler Ji Ye Yan XingHong Li Hye Won Lee Thi T.T.Nguyen Hyang Burm Lee Eliseo Battistin Orlando Marsico Alfredo Vizzini Jordi Vila Enrico Ercole Ursula Eberhardt Giampaolo Simonini Hua-An Wen Xin-Hua Chen Otto Miettinen Viacheslav Spirin Hernawati | 2015 | Fungal Diversity2015，，6： | 2 |
| 6 | Increased duodenal expression of mi R-146a and-155 in pediatric Crohn's disease显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the role of micro RNA(mi R)-146 a,-155 and-122 in the duodenal mucosa of pediatric patients with Crohn's disease(CD) and the effect of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) on these mi Rs in duodenal epithelial and fibroblast cells.METHODS: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsies derived from the macroscopically inflamed(CD inflamed: n = 10) and intact(CD intact: n = 10) duodenal mucosa of pediatric CD patients and control children(C: n = 10) were examined. Expression of mi R-146 a,-155 and-122 was determined by realtime polymerase-chain reaction(PCR). The expression of the above mi Rs was investigated in recombinant human TGF-β(1 nmol/L, 24 h) or vehicle treated small intestinal epithelial cells(CCL-241) and primary duodenal fibroblast cells derived from healthy children as well.RESULTS: Expression of mi R-146 a was significantly higher in the inflamed duodenal mucosa compared to the intact duodenal mucosa of children with CD(CD inflamed: 3.21 ± 0.50 vs CD intact: 0.62 ± 0.26, p ≤ 0.01) and to the control group(CD inflamed: 3.21 ± 0.50 vs C: 1.00 ± 0.33, p ≤ 0.05). The expression of mi R-155 was significantly increased in the inflamed region of the duodenum compared to the control group(CD inflamed: 4.87 ± 1.02 vs Control: 1.00 ± 0.40, p ≤ 0.001). The expression of mi R-122 was unchanged in the inflamed or intact mucosa of CD patients compared to controls. TGF-β treatment significantly decreased the expression of mi R-155 in small intestinal epithelial cells(TGF-β: 0.7 ± 0.083 vs Control: 1 ± 0.09, p ≤ 0.05) and also the expression of mi R-146a(TGF-β: 0.67 ± 0.04 vs Control: 1 ± 0.15, p ≤ 0.01) and mi R-155(TGF-β: 0.72 ± 0.09 vs Control: 1 ± 0.06, p ≤ 0.05) in primary duodenal fibroblasts compared to corresponding vehicle treated controls. TGF-β treatment did not influence the expression of mi R-122.CONCLUSION: The elevated expression of mi R-146 a and-155 in the inflamed duodenal mucosa of CD patients suggests the role of these mi Rs in the pathomechanism of inflammatory bowel disease. Antiinflammatory TGF-β plays an important role in the regulation of the expression of these mi Rs. | Dániel Szucs Nóra Judit Béres Réka Rokonay Kriszta Boros Katalin Borka Zoltán Kiss András Arató Attila J Szabó ádám Vannay Erna Sziksz Csaba Bereczki Gábor Veres | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，26： | 2 |
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