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| 1 | Impact of a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise and short-term interval training on interleukin-6, FNDC5, and METRNL mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle显示文摘Background: Exercise promotes numerous phenotypic adaptations in skeletal muscle that contribute to improved function and metabolic capacity. An emerging body of evidence suggests that skeletal muscle also releases a myriad of factors during exercise, termed 'myokines'. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT) on the acute regulation of the mRNA expression of several myokines, including the prototypical myokine interleukin-6(IL-6), and recently identified myokines fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5)(irisin) and meteorin-like protein(METRNL).Methods: Both before and after a 20-day period of twice-daily high-volume HIIT, 9 healthy males(20.5 ± 1.5 years performed a standardized bout of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE; 5 × 4 min at ~80% pretraining peak power output) with skeletal muscle biopsy samples(vastus lateralis) obtained at rest, immediately following exercise, and at 3 h recovery.Results: Before training, a single bout of HIIE increased IL-6(p < 0.05) and METRNL(p < 0.05) mRNA expression measured at 3 h recovery when compared to rest. Following 20 days of HIIT, IL-6 and FNDC5 mRNA were increased at 3 h recovery from the standardized HIIE bout when compared to rest(both p < 0.05). Resting METRNL and FNDC5 mRNA expression were higher following training(p < 0.05), and there was an overall increase in FNDC5 mRNA post-training(main effect of training, p < 0.05).Conclusion: In human skeletal muscle(1) an acute bout of HIIE can induce upregulation of skeletal muscle IL-6 mRNA both before and after a period of intensified HIIT;(2) Resting and overall FNDC5 mRNA expression is increased by 20 days of HIIT; and(3) METRNL mRNA expression is responsive to both acute HIIE and short-term intense HIIT. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings at the protein and secretion level in humans. | Malcolm Eaton Cesare Granata Julianne Barry Adeel Safdar David Bishop Jonathan P.Little | 2018 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2018，7，2： | 15 |
| 2 | Possible role of microparticles in neuroimmune signaling of microglial cells显示文摘Aim:Submicron fragments termed microparticles(MPs),derived from all major central nervous system cell types including neurons and glia(microglia,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes),have emerged as novel intercellular signaling agents.This study tested the hypothesis that MPs derived from activated microglia,which represent the mononuclear phagocyte system in the brain,could induce pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic responses of microglia in an autocrine or paracrine manner.Methods:Human THP-1 monocytic cells were used to model human microglia.MPs derived from these cells were reapplied to THP-1 cells and their secretion of neurotoxins and cytokines was measured.Results:When exposed to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or mitochondrial transcription factor A in combination with interferon(IFN)-γ,THP-1 cells released MPs.When reapplied to THP-1 cells,MPs induced the release of secretions that were toxic to human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells,as well as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.The cytotoxicity of THP-1 cells induced by MPs derived from IFN-γplus LPS-treated THP-1 donor cells was enhanced in the presence of IFN-γ.The MPs released by THP-1 cells were not directly toxic towards SH-SY5Y cells.Conclusion:Our data support the hypothesis that activated microglia-derived MPs could act as signaling agents that are recognized by microglia to cause pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic responses. | Stephanie M.Schindler Ekta Bajwa Jonathan P.Little Andis Klegeris | 2016 | Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation2016，3，1： | 0 |
| 3 | 零食式锻炼与心脏代谢健康显示文摘低心肺适能和久坐是心脏代谢疾病的独立风险因素。零食式锻炼(exercise snacks)是指分散在全天中反复进行单次小于1分钟的剧烈运动。作为一种新颖的运动锻炼策略,零食式锻炼既可提高心肺适能,同时又能打破久坐时间。与传统锻炼方式相比,零食式锻炼的突出特点是耗时极少且安排灵活。本文概述零食式锻炼的方法及其有益于心脏代谢健康的现有证据和未来研究方向。 | Hashim Islam Martin J.Gibala Jonathan P.Little 聂金雷(翻译) 时庆德(翻译) 孔兆伟(翻译) | 2023 | 中国运动医学杂志2023，42，9： | 0 |
| 4 | Adipose-brain crosstalk: do adipokines have a role in neuroprotection?显示文摘Accumulating evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that obesity,and its related metabolic consequences of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes,are associated with accelerated cognitive decline(Yates et al.,2012).The etiology of neurodegeneration in obesity is undoubtedly complex,with vascular,metabolic,inflammatory,and structural changes all likely to play a role(Yates et al., | Jonathan P.Little Adeel Safdar | 2015 | Neural Regeneration Research2015，10，9： | 0 |
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