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| 1 | Apple whole genome sequences:recent advances and new prospects显示文摘In 2010,a major scientific milestone was achieved for tree fruit crops:publication of the first draft whole genome sequence(WGS)for apple(Malus domestica).This WGS,v1.0,was valuable as the initial reference for sequence information,fine mapping,gene discovery,variant discovery,and tool development.A new,high quality apple WGS,GDDH13 v1.1,was released in 2017 and now serves as the reference genome for apple.Over the past decade,these apple WGSs have had an enormous impact on our understanding of apple biological functioning,trait physiology and inheritance,leading to practical applications for improving this highly valued crop.Causal gene identities for phenotypes of fundamental and practical interest can today be discovered much more rapidly.Genome-wide polymorphisms at high genetic resolution are screened efficiently over hundreds to thousands of individuals with new insights into genetic relationships and pedigrees.High-density genetic maps are constructed efficiently and quantitative trait loci for valuable traits are readily associated with positional candidate genes and/or converted into diagnostic tests for breeders.We understand the species,geographical,and genomic origins of domesticated apple more precisely,as well as its relationship to wild relatives.The WGS has turbo-charged application of these classical research steps to crop improvement and drives innovative methods to achieve more durable,environmentally sound,productive,and consumer-desirable apple production.This review includes examples of basic and practical breakthroughs and challenges in using the apple WGSs.Recommendations for“what’s next”focus on necessary upgrades to the genome sequence data pool,as well as for use of the data,to reach new frontiers in genomics-based scientific understanding of apple. | Cameron P.Peace Luca Bianco Michela Troggio Eric van de Weg Nicholas P.Howard Amandine Cornille Charles-Eric Durel Sean Myles ZoëMigicovsky Robert J.Schaffer Evelyne Costes Gennaro Fazio Hisayo Yamane Steve van Nocker Chris Gottschalk Fabrizio Costa David Chagné Xinzhong Zhang Andrea Patocchi Susan E.Gardiner Craig Hardner Satish Kumar Francois Laurens Etienne Bucher Dorrie Main Sook Jung Stijn Vanderzande | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Environmental regulation of leaf colour in red 35S:PAP1 Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘 | Daryl D.Rowan MingshuCao KuiLin‐Wang Janine M.Cooney Dwayne J.Jensen Paul T.Austin Martin B.Hunt CaraNorling Roger P.Hellens Robert J.Schaffer Andrew C.Allan | 2009 | New Phytologist2009，，1： | 1 |
| 3 | 选择低裂水泥的三种简单试验方法 | R.W.Burrows W.F.Kepler D.Hurcomb J.Schaffer J.G.Sellers | 2011 | 膨胀剂与膨胀混凝土2011，0，4： | 1 |
| 4 | The Gillenia trifoliata genome reveals dynamics correlated with growth and reproduction in Rosaceae显示文摘The Rosaceae family has striking phenotypic diversity and high syntenic conservation.Gillenia trifoliata is sister species to the Maleae tribe of apple and~1000 other species.Gillenia has many putative ancestral features,such as herb/sub-shrub habit,dry fruit-bearing and nine base chromosomes.This coalescence of ancestral characters in a phylogenetically important species,positions Gillenia as a‘rosetta stone'for translational science within Rosaceae.We present genomic and phenological resources to facilitate the use of Gillenia for this purpose.The Gillenia genome is the fi rst fully annotated chromosome-level assembly with an ancestral genome complement(x=9),and with it we developed an improved model of the Rosaceae ancestral genome.MADS and NAC gene family analyses revealed genome dynamics correlated with growth and reproduction and we demonstrate how Gillenia can be a negative control for studying fl eshy fruit development in Rosaceae. | Hilary S.Ireland Chen Wu Cecilia H.Deng Elena Hilario Ali Saei Sylvia Erasmuson Ross N.Crowhurst Karine M.David Robert J.Schaffer David Chagn | 2021 | Horticulture Research2021，8，1： | 0 |
| 5 | Coreless apples generated by the suppression of carpel genes and hormone-induced fruit set显示文摘Seedless fruits have high consumer appeal and have made seeded varieties obsolete in some crops.In seedless apple varieties,core tissues which normally contain the seed can be unpalatable,reducing the seedless appeal.Apples are accessory fruit with edible flesh derived from hypanthial tissue–a floral tube fused to a compound ovary.Here we show that through suppression of AGAMOUS-like carpel identity genes and hormone induced fruit set,it is possible to generate coreless and therefore seedless apples.Suppression of AGAMOUS-like genes increased petal whorls and fully eliminated carpel development.Treatments with a combination of gibberellin,cytokinin and auxin,rather than single treatments,were required for fruit initiation in these lines.Transcriptomic analysis of agamous RNAi lines suggested conservation of AGAMOUS-dependent gene networks between apple and Arabidopsis.In the absence of all sexual tissues,the developing fruit continues to grow and follow a ripening process similar to that of a regular apple.The coreless phenotype offers a new concept for pipfruit consumers improving convenience and reducing food waste. | Hilary S.Ireland Sumathi Tomes Ian C.Hallett Sakuntala Karunairetnam Karine M.David Jia-Long Yao Robert J.Schaffer | 2021 | Fruit Research2021，1，1： | 0 |
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