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| 1 | Comparison between sitagliptin and nateglinide on postprandial lipid levels: The STANDARD study显示文摘AIM: To assess the effects of sitagliptin and nateglinide on lipid metabolism. METHODS: In a parallel group comparative open trial, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus under treatment at the Japanese Red Cross Medical Center were randomly assigned to receive either sitagliptin (50 mg once daily) or nateglinide (90 mg three times daily before meals). Eligible patients met the following criteria: age ≥ 20 years; hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ) > 6.5% despite diet and exercise; HbA 1c between 6.5% and 8.0%; fasting glucose < 7.77 mmol/L; diet and exercise therapy for more than 3 mo; and ability to read and understand the information for written informed consent. Exclusion criteria were contraindications to sitagliptin, contraindications to nateglinide, pregnancy or possible pregnancy, and severe liver/renal failure. Patients who were considered to be unsuitable by the attending physician for other reasons were also excluded. Blood samples were collected at one and three hours after intake of a test meal. The primary outcome measure was the area under the curve (AUC) of apolipoprotein (Apo) B48 at three hours postprandially. RESULTS: Twenty patients were randomly assigned to the sitagliptin group and sixteen patients were randomized to the nateglinide group. All 36 patients took the medication as directed by the physician in both groups, and they all were analyzed. Apart from antidiabetic drugs, there was no difference between the two groups with respect to the frequency of combined use of lipid-lowering, antihypertensive, and/or antiplatelet drugs. The doses of these medications were maintained during 12 wk of treatment. Detailed dietary advice, together with adequate exercise therapy, was given to the patients so that other factors apart from the two test drugs were similar in the two groups. There were no significant differences of the baseline characteristics between the two groups, except for body mass index (the sitagliptin group: 25.14 ± 3.05 kg/m 2 ; the nateglinide group: 21.39 ± 2.24 kg/m 2 ). Fasting levels of HbA 1c , glycated albumin, 1.5-anhydroglucitol, and blood glucose, as well as the blood glucose levels at one and three hours postprandially, improved in both groups after 12 wk of treatment, and there were no significant differences between the two groups. However, the glucagon level at one hour postprandially (P = 0.040) and the diastolic blood pressure (P<0.01) only showed a significant decrease in the sitagliptin group. In the nateglinide group, there was no significant change in the AUC of Apo B48, the glucagon level at one hour postprandially, the fasting triglyceride level, or the diastolic blood pressure. Body weight was unchanged in both groups. However, the AUC of Apo B48 at three hours postprandially showed a significant decrease in the sitagliptin group from 2.48 ± 0.11 at baseline to 1.94 ± 0.78 g/L per hour after 12 wk (P=0.019). The fasting triglyceride level also decreased significantly in the sitagliptin group (P = 0.035). With regard to lipid-related markers other than Apo B48 and fasting triglycerides, no significant changes were observed with respect to Apo A1, Apo B, or Apo C3 in either group. No adverse events occurred in either group. CONCLUSION: Sitagliptin significantly improves some lipid parameters while having a comparable effect on blood glucose to nateglinide. A large-scale prospective study of sitagliptin therapy is warranted. | Yuichi Kojima Hideyoshi Kaga Shinu Hayashi Toru Kitazawa Yuko Iimura Makoto Ohno Michiyasu Yoshitsugu Mutsunori Fujiwara Toru Hiyoshi | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，1： | 5 |
| 2 | Two macrophages, osteoclasts and microglia: from development to pleiotropy显示文摘Tissue-resident macrophages are highly specialized to their tissue-specific microenvironments,activated by various inflammatory signals and modulated by genetic and environmental factors.Osteoclasts and microglia are distinct tissue-resident cells of the macrophage lineage in bone and brain that are responsible for pathological changes in osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),respectively.Osteoporosis is more frequently observed in individuals with AD compared to the prevalence in general population.Diagnosis of AD is often delayed until underlying pathophysiological changes progress and cause irreversible damages in structure and function of brain.As such earlier diagnosis and intervention of individuals at higher risk would be indispensable to modify clinical courses.Pleiotropy is the phenomenon that a genetic variant affects multiple traits and the genetic correlation between two traits could suggest a shared molecular mechanism.In this review,we discuss that the Pyk2-mediated actin polymerization pathway in osteoclasts and microglia in bone and brain,respectively,is the horizontal pleiotropic mediator of shared risk factors for osteoporosis and AD. | Ji-Won Lee In-Hee Lee Tadahiro Iimura Sek Won Kong | 2021 | Bone Research2021，9，2： | 4 |
| 3 | Role of Shiga toxin versus H7 flagellin in enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli signalling of human colon epithelium in vivo 显示文摘 | Miyamoto Y Iimura M Kaper J B | 2006 | Cell Microbiol2006，8，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Expansion of GSI' s Nationwide GPS Array 显示文摘 | Miyazaki S Saito T Sasaki M Hatanaka Y Iimura Y | 1997 | Bulletin of Geographical Survey Institute1997，43，： | 1 |
| 5 | Synthesis of continuous silicon carbide fibre with high tensile strength and high Young’s modulus显示文摘 | S. Yajima Y. Hasegawa J. Hayashi M. Iimura | 1978 | Journal of Materials Science1978，，12： | 1 |
| 6 | Donepezil hydrochloride(E-2020) and other AchEIs显示文摘 | Yoshiharu Yamanishi Youichi Iimura | 2000 | Curr Med Chem2000，7，3： | 1 |
| 7 | The utility of the interrupter technique in pediatric asthma显示文摘 | Iimura A Yoshihara S Arisaka O | 2002 | Arerugi2002，51，11： | 1 |
| 8 | Visualization of an endogenous retinoie acid gradient across embryonic development 显示文摘 | Shimozono S Iimura T Kitaguchi T | 2013 | Nature2013，496，7445： | 1 |
| 9 | The role of osteocytes in bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement显示文摘 | Matsumoto T Iimura T Ogura K | 2013 | J Dent Res2013，92，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Structure of barium stearate films at the air/water interface investigated by polarization modulation infrared spectroscopy and pi -A isotherms 显示文摘 | Ren Y Iimura K Kato T | 2001 | Langmuir2001，17，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Anti-influenza virusprinciples from Muehlenbeckia hastulata显示文摘 | Yasuda T Yamaki M Iimura A | 2010 | Nat Med2010，64，： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of Fe^2+ ion on the initial permeability of MnO-ZnO-MgO-Fe2O3 ferrites 显示文摘 | Iimura T | 1976 | Journal of the American Ceramic Society-Discussions and Notes1976，59，： | 1 |
| 13 | Incidence of Benign Pathologic Lesions at Partial Nephrectomy for Presumed RCC Renal Masses: Japanese Dual-Center Experience with 176 Consecutive Patients显示文摘 | Yasuhisa Fujii Yoshinobu Komai Kazutaka Saito Yasumasa Iimura Junji Yonese Satoru Kawakami Yuichi Ishikawa Jiro Kumagai Kazunori Kihara Iwao Fukui | 2008 | Urology2008，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Essential role for gene profiling analysis in the authentication of human cell lines 显示文摘 | Yoshino K Iimura E Saijo k | 2006 | Hum Cell2006，19，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of ureteral obstruction on matrix metalloproteinase-2 in rat renal cortex 显示文摘 | IIMURA O TAKAHASHI H YASHIRO T | 2004 | Clin Exp Nephrol2004，8，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Low-intensity fetal lung on MRI may suggest the diagnosis of pulmonary hypoplasia显示文摘 | Kuwashima S Nishimura G Iimura F | 2001 | Pediatr Radiol2001，31，： | 1 |
| 17 | Mannich-type reaction in water using a hydrophorbie polymer-suppoted sulfonic acid catalyst 显示文摘 | Iimura S Nobutou D Manabe K | 2003 | Chem Commun2003，，14： | 1 |
| 18 | A cyclosporin A/ maltosyl-/1'cyclodextrin complex for inhalation therapy of asthma 显示文摘 | Fukaya H Iimura A Hoshiko K | 2003 | Europe Respir Review2003，22，： | 1 |
| 19 | Selection of bioactive soil Actinomycetes belonging to the Streptomyces violaceusniger phenotypic cluster显示文摘 | Hayakawa M Yoshida Y Iimura Y | 2004 | J Gen Appl Microbiol2004，96，： | 1 |
| 20 | Discovery of Novel Neuronal Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channel Blockers on Emopamil Left Hand as a Bioactive Template显示文摘 | Yuichi Suzuki Noboru Yamamoto Yoichi Iimura and so on | 2003 | Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters2003，13，： | 1 |
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