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| 1 | Deficit of mitochondria-derived ATP during oxidative stress impairs mouse MII oocyte spindles显示文摘尽管在母亲的老化和不孕的氧化应力的角色被建议了,内在的机制充分没被理解。现在的学习被设计在氧化应力下面在中期 II (MII ) 卵母细胞决定在 mitochondrial 功能和锭子稳定性之间的关系。MII 老鼠卵母细胞当面与 H2O2 被对待或渗透转变毛孔(PTP ) 的缺席块 ers cyclosporin A (CsA ) 。另外,抗氧化剂 N-acetylcysteine (NAC ) , F0/F1 synthase 禁止者 oligomycin A,线粒体 uncoupler 羰基氰化物 4-trifluoro-methoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP ) 或加 2.5 公里 Ca2+(Th+2.5 公里 Ca2+) 的 thapsigargin 在机械学的研究被使用。卵母细胞锭子和染色体的词法分析被执行并且 mitochondrial 膜潜力(DeltaPsim ) ,细胞质的免费的钙集中([Ca2+] c ) 并且在卵母细胞以内的细胞质的 ATP 内容也是 assayed。在一时间 -- 并且 H2O2 剂量依赖者举止,锭子在卵母细胞以后被发现的 meiotic 的混乱与 H2O2 被对待,它被预告的处理与 NAC 阻止。H2O2 的管理导致了 DeltaPsim 的驱散,的增加[Ca2+] 在细胞质的 ATP 的 c 和减少铺平。到 H2O2 处理的卵母细胞的这些有害回答能被孵化前与 CsA 堵住。类似于驱散的 H2O2,两 oligomycin A 和 FCCP DeltaPsim,减少的细胞质的 ATP 内容和拆卸的 MII 卵母细胞锭子,当时高[Ca2+] c 独自没在锭子形态学上有效果。在结论,在导出线粒体的 ATP 的减少可以在氧化应力期间引起老鼠 MII 卵母细胞锭子的拆卸,大概由于 mitochondrial PTP 的开始。 | Xiao Zhang~(1,2,*) Xue Qing Wu~(1,3,*) Shuang Lu~(4,5,6) Ying Lu Guo~1 Xu Ma~(4,5,6) ~1Peking University First Hospital,Institute of Urology of Peking University,Beijing 100034,China ~2Reproductive and Genetic Center of Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China ~3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital,Taiyuan 030000,China ~4Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning,Beijing 100038,China ~5Department of Genetics, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100038. China ~6 WHO Collaborative Center for Research in Human Reproduction,Beijing 100038,China | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，10： | 24 |
| 2 | Pathomorphological study on location and distribution of Kupffer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To clarify the location and distribution of Kupffer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to investigate their role in hepatocarcinogenesis.METHODS: Kupffer cells were immunohistochemically stained by streptavadin-peroxidase conjugated method (S-P). The numbers of Kupffer cells in cancerous, para-cancerous and adjacent normal liver tissues of 48 HCCs were comparatively examined.RESULTS: The mean number of Kupffer cells in cancerous,para-cancerous and adjacent normal liver tissues was 12.7±6.8, 18.1±8.2 and 18.9±7.9 respectively. The number of Kuppfer cells in cancerous tissues was significantly lower than that in para-cancerous tissues (t=2.423, P<0.05) and adjacent normal liver tissues (t=2.52t, P<0.05). As tumor size increased, the number of Kupffer cells in cancerous tissues significantly decreased (F=4.61, P<0.05). Moreover,there was also a significant difference in the number of Kupffer cells among well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated and poorly-differentiated cases(F=4.49, P<0.05).CONCLUSION: This study suggests that decrease of Kupffer cells in HCCs may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of HCC, the number of Kupffer cells in HCC is closely related to the size and differentiation grade of the tumor. | Kai Liu Xu He Xue-Zhong Lei Lian-San Zhao Hong Tang Li Liu Bing-Jun Lei Division of Molecular Biology of Infectious Disease Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Human Disease,Ministry of Education,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，9： | 19 |
| 3 | Transforming growth factor-β1 gene polymorphisms associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Chinese population显示文摘Aim: To determine the frequencies of polymorphism and haplotype in the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) gene promoter in the Chinese population and to investigate the susceptibility of this population to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: The target fragments of the TGF-β1 gene promoter were amplified and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique in 84 COPD patients and 97 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. The test for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was performed using HWE program of the LINKUTIL package and statistical analysis was carded out with the SPSS statistical package. An expectation maximization algorithm was used for the pairwise linkage disequilibrium test and haplotype analysis. Results: More carriers of the -800A allele, or fewer carders of the -509T allele, were detected in the COPD patients compared with the non-symptomatic control subjects [for the -800A allele, 29.8% vs 14.4%, respectively, χ^2=6.257,degrees of freedom (df)=l, P=0.012; for the-509T allele, 27.3% vs 44.3%, respectively, χ^2=5.582, df=1, P=0.018]. The prevalence of the-800A allele was significantly higher in the COPD patients than in control subjects (P=0.009), whereas the frequency of the-509T allele was significantly higher in control subjects than in the COPD patients (P=0.008). In addition, this distribution tendency for the-800A or-509T allele was similar in heavy smokers (smoking history≥20 pack years);(number of packs of cigarettes per day multiplied by the number of years of smoking)χ^2=7.235, P=0.007, and χ^2=5.636, P=0.018, respectively). The linkage disequilibrium was found between-800 G→A and-509 C→T (D>0.60, P<0.0001), and the frequency of the AC haplotype, consisting of the least common base at -800 and the most common base at -509, was significantly higher in patients with COPD than in controls (0.056 vs 0.021, P<0.05). Conclusions: The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the TGF-β1 gene promoter might be associated with COPD,and the -800A/-509C haplotype is possibly one of the susceptibility factors for COPD. | Zhi-guang SU~2, Fu-qiang WEN, Yu-lin FENG, Min XIAO, Xiao-ling WU Laboratory of Pulmonary Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China | 2005 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2005，26，6： | 17 |
| 4 | Establishment of an artificial β-cell line expressing insulin under the control of doxycycline显示文摘AIM: Artificial β-cell lines may offer an abundant source of calls for the treatment of type Ⅰ diabetes, but insulin secretion in β-cells is tightly regulwted in physiological conditions The Tet-On system is a 'gene switch' system,which can induce gene expression by administration of tetracycline (Tet) derivatives such as doxcycline (D ox).Using this system, we established 293 cells to an artificial cell line secreting insulin in response to stimulation by Dox.METHODS: The mutated proinsulin cDNA was obtained fromplasmid pcDNA3.1/C-mlNS by the polymerase chain reaction(PCR), and was inserted downstream from the promoter onthe expression vector pTRE2, to construct a recombinedexpression vector pTRE2mlNS. The promoter on pTRE2consists of the tetracycline-response element and the CMVminimal promoter and is thus activated by the reversetetracycline-controlled transactivator (rtTA) when Dox isadministrated. pTRE2mlNS and plasmid pTK-Hyg encodinghygromycin were co-transfected in the tet293 cells, whichexpress rtTA stably. Following hygromycin screening, thesurvived cells expressing insulin were selected andenriched. Dox was used to control the expression of insulinin these cells. At the levels of mRNA and protein, theregulating effect of Dox in culture medium on the expressionof proinsulin gene was estimated respectively with Northernblot, RT-PCR, and radioimmunoassay.RESULTS: From the 28 hygromycin-resistant cell strains, weselected one cell strain (tet293/Ins6) secreting insulin notonly automatically, but in response to stimulation by Dox.The amount on insulin secretion was dependent on the Doxdose (0,10,100,200,400,800 and 1000 μg@ L-1 ), the level ofinsulin secreted by the cells treated with Dox ( 1000μg. L-1 )wes 241.0 pU@d1 @cell-1 , which was 25-fold that of 9.7 pU@d1@ cell-1 without Dox treatment. Northern blot analyses andRT-PCR further confinned that the transcription of insulingene had already been up-regulated after exposing tet293/Ins6 cells to Dox for 15 minutes, and was also induced in adose-depeodent manner. However, the concentration ofinsulin in the media did not increase significantly until 5hours following the addition of Dox.CONCLUSION: Human proinsulin gene was transfectedsuccessfully and expressed efficiently in 293 cells, and theexpression was modulated by tetracycline and itsderivatives, improving the accuracy, safety, and reliabilityof gene therapy, suggesting that conditional establishmentof artificial β-cells may be a useful approach to developcellular therapy for diabetes mellitus. | Xin-Yu Qin Kun-Tang Shen,Department of General Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China Xin Zhang Zhi-Hong Cheng Xiang-Ru Xu Ze-Guang Han,Functional Genomics Division,Chinese National Human Genome Center At Shanghai,Shanghai 201203,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，2： | 15 |
| 5 | Perspectives of DNA microarray and next-generation DNA sequencing technologies显示文摘DNA microarray and next-generation DNA sequencing technologies are important tools for high-throughput genome research,in revealing both the structural and functional characteristics of genomes.In the past decade the DNA microarray technologies have been widely applied in the studies of functional genomics,systems biology and pharmacogenomics.The next-generation DNA sequencing method was first introduced by the 454 Company in 2003,immediately followed by the establishment of the Solexa and Solid techniques by other biotech companies.Though it has not been long since the first emergence of this technology,with the fast and impressive improvement,the application of this technology has extended to almost all fields of genomics research,as a rival challenging the existing DNA microarray technology.This paper briefly reviews the working principles of these two technologies as well as their application and perspectives in genome research. | TENG XiaoKun1 & XIAO HuaSheng1,2 1 National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai,Shanghai 201203,China 2 Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics,Chinese National Human Genome Center,Shanghai 201203,China | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，1： | 15 |
| 6 | Selenium Requirements as Discussed in the 1996 Joint FAO/IAEA/WHO Expert Consultation on Trace Elements in Human Nutrition显示文摘In March 1996, WHO officially released an updated trace element nutrition report that presents much new information, especially regarding iodine, zinc, copper and selenium. For most minerals, both basal as well as normative requirements are given. The basal requirement refers to the intake needed to prevent clinically manifest signs of impaired function attributable to deficiency of the nutrient. The normative requirement refers to the intake needed to maintain a level of tissue storage (or index enzyme activity) judged to be desirable and appropriate.In the case of selenium, the population minimum mean intakes likely to meet basal requirements for adult males and females were 21 and 16 μg/day, respectively. These were derived from the amount needed to protect against Keshan disease plus a body weight correction factor. On the other hand, the population minimum mean intakes likely to meet normative requirements for adult males and females were 40 and 30μg/day, respectively. These were calculated from the amount needed to achieve two-thirds of the maximal plasma glutathione peroxidase activity assuming an interindividual variability of normal dietary selenium intake of 16%. Further work is needed to determine the relationship between these nutritional standards and the actual dietary intakes of selenium around the | ORVILLE A. LEVANDER (Nutrient Requirements and Functions Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, U. S. Department of Agricult ure, ARS, Beltsville,Maryland 20705-235, USA) | 1997 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1997，10，2： | 14 |
| 7 | Detection of soluble TRAIL in HBV infected patients and its clinical implications显示文摘AIM: To detect the expression of soluble TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand, TRAIL) in the peripheral blood of HBV infected patients and try to elucidate whether the expression level of sTRAIL have any correlativity with the clinical staging, the expression level of HBV markers and the degree of liver damage.METHODS: 52 cases of HBV infected patients were investigated, induding 8 HBV carriers, 30 chronic hepatitis B, 11 drrhotics and 3 HBV infection related hepatocellular carcinoma. Expression of soluble TRAIL and markers of the hepatitis B were mearsured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS: The expression level of sTRAIL in the peripheral blood of the HBV infected patients was significantly higher than that of healthy controls (1378.35±540.23 pg/ml vs 613.75±175.80 pg/ml, P<0.001). In the group of chronic hepatitis, the expression level of sTRAIL was coincident with the status of the disease and was significantly correlated with the level of ALT. In the group of cirrhosis and liver cancer, its expression level was significantly higher than that of the healthy persons and HBV carriers, but lower than that of the hepatitis B patients; meanwhile, the expression of siRAIL did not have any correlativity with the functional indexes of the liver. CONCLUSION: The soluble TRAIL in the HBV infected people may participate in the liver damage. Our results indicated that the expression level of soluble TRAIL may reflect the ravage of liver caused by host immune reaction to a certain degree. | Li-Hui Han Wen-Sheng Sun Chun-Hong Ma Li-Ning Zhang Su-Xia Liu Qiu Zhang Li-Fen Gao,Institute of Immunology,Medical College of Shandong University,Jinan 250012,Shandong Province,China You-Hai Chen,Institute for Human Gene Therapy,University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia PA 19104,USA | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，6： | 12 |
| 8 | Revisiting the origin of modern humans in China and its implications for global human evolution显示文摘The debates over the origin of modern humans have long been centered on two competing theories:the 'Out-of-Africa'(single-place origin) theory and the 'Multi-regional Evolution' theory.China is an extremely important region where many ancient human fossils were collected along with numerous associated faunal remains and artefacts.These cultural remains,unearthed from different areas in the country and covering a long time span,will help clarify the controversy.The study of cultural materials in China is expected to shed important light on biological evolutionary patterns and social and technical developments of those early humans as well as their environmental conditions.Based on the analysis of Chinese fossils and associated materials,in conjunction with some genetic studies,this paper aims at evaluating each of the two theories in order to stimulate more discussions.Our study suggests that the evolutionary model of 'Continuity with Hybridization' is most relevant in reflecting the current understanding of human evolutionary history in China.Furthermore,we propose that the concept of regional diversity of evolutionary models should be seriously considered to illustrate different evolutionary modes applied to different parts of the world. | GAO Xing1,2*,ZHANG XiaoLing1,2,3,YANG DongYa2,4,SHEN Chen2,5 & WU XinZhi1,2 1 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China 2 Laboratory of Human Evolution,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 4 Department of Archaeology,Simon Fraser University,Vancouver V5A 1S6,Canada 5 The Royal Ontario Museum,Toronto M5S 2C6,Canada | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，12： | 11 |
| 9 | Genome size and sequence composition of moso bamboo: A comparative study显示文摘Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) is one of the world's most important bamboo species. It has the largest area of all planted bamboo―over two-thirds of the total bamboo forest area―and the highest economic value in China. Moso bamboo is a tetraploid (4x=48) and a special member of the grasses family. Although several genomes have been sequenced or are being sequenced in the grasses family, we know little about the genome of the bambusoids (bamboos). In this study, the moso bamboo genome size was estimated to be about 2034 Mb by flow cytometry (FCM), using maize (cv. B73) and rice (cv. Nipponbare) as internal references. The rice genome has been sequenced and the maize genome is being sequenced. We found that the size of the moso bamboo genome was similar to that of maize but significantly larger than that of rice. To determine whether the bamboo genome had a high proportion of repeat elements, similar to that of the maize genome, approximately 1000 genome survey sequences (GSS) were generated. Sequence analysis showed that the proportion of repeat elements was 23.3% for the bamboo genome, which is significantly lower than that of the maize ge-nome (65.7%). The bamboo repeat elements were mainly Gypsy/DIRS1 and Ty1/Copia LTR retrotrans-posons (14.7%), with a few DNA transposons. However, more genomic sequences are needed to con-firm the above results due to several factors, such as the limitation of our GSS data. This study is the first to investigate sequence composition of the bamboo genome. Our results are valuable for future genome research of moso and other bamboos. | GUI YiJie1, WANG Sheng1, QUAN LiYan1, ZHOU ChangPing2, LONG ShiBao2, ZHENG HuaJun3, JIN Liang1, ZHANG XianYin 1, MA NaiXun 4 & FAN LongJiang1 1 Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China 2 Zhejiang Anji Bamboo Exposition Garden, Anji 313300, China 3 Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai 201203, China 4 The Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China | 2007 | Science China(Life Sciences)2007，50，5： | 10 |
| 10 | Large eddy simulation of flow in a street canyon with tree planting under various atmospheric instability conditions显示文摘In this work, a large eddy simulation (LES) model, which includes momentum and heat source (or sink) inside the tree planting layer, is proposed for the simulation of flow in a street canyon with tree planting. Vegetation canopy layer simulation shows that this model can be used to simulate the velocity distribution and temperature variation inside the canopy layer. Effects of atmospheric instability on flow and pollutant distribution in a street canyon with tree planting of an aspect ratio of 0.5 are studied. Results show that compared with the canyon with no tree planting (or the exposed street canyon), the canyon with tree planting shows a reduced wind circulation and pollutant exchange rate (PER) at the top layer of the street canyon, which induces the increase in the pollutant concentrations near road surface, leeward wall and windward wall. When street canyon atmosphere is under a strongly unstable condition, wind velocity decreases while pollutant concentration is increased in the areas near the street canyon top, road surface, leeward and windward walls, compared with the wind velocity in the street canyon with the neutral stratification. When street canyon atmosphere is under a weakly unstable condition, wind velocity weakens near the street canyon top and windward wall, but strengthens near the road surface and leeward wall, and pollutant concentration is decreased near the leeward and windward walls and is increased between the two rows of trees. When the street canyon atmosphere is under an unstable condition, PER is lower than that under the neutral stratification. | GU ZhaoLin1, ZHANG YunWei2 & LEI KangBin3 1 School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China 1 School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China 3 RIKEN Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，7： | 10 |
| 11 | Current progress in epigenetic research for hepato-carcinomagenesis显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma is the main type of primary liver cancer,and also one of the most malignant tumors.At present,the pathogenesis mechanisms of liver cancer are not entirely clear.It has been shown that inactivation of tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes play a significant role in carcinogenesis,caused by the genetic and epigenetic aberrance.In the past,people generally thought that genetic mutation is a key event of tumor pathogenesis,and somatic mutation of tumor suppressor genes is in particular closely associated with oncogenesis.With deeper understanding of tumors in recent years,increasing evidence has shown that epigenetic silencing of those genes,as a result of aberrant hypermethylation of CpG islands in promoters and histone modification,is essential to carcinogenesis and metastasis.The term epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene expression caused by regulation mechanisms,other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence.Specific epigenetic processes include DNA methylation,genome imprinting,chromotin remodeling,histone modification and microRNA regulations.This paper reviews recent epigenetics research progress in the hepatocellular carcinoma study,and tries to depict the relationships between hepatocellular carcinomagenesis and DNA methylation as well as microRNA regulation. | HUANG Jian National Human Genome Research Center at Shanghai-Ministry of Science and Technology to build a healthy and disease Ge-nomics Laboratory,Shanghai 201203,China | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，1： | 9 |
| 12 | Regulation of apoptotic signal transduction pathways by the heat shock proteins显示文摘The study about apoptotic signal transductions has become a project to reveal the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis. Heat shock proteins (hsps), which play an important role in cell growth and apoptosis, have attracted great attentions. A lot of researches have showed there is a hsps superfamily including hsp90, hsp70, hsp60 and hsp27, etc., which regulates the bio-logical behaviors of cells, particularly apoptotic signal transduction in Fas pathway, JNK/SAPK pathway and caspases pathway at different levels, partly by the function of molecular chaperone. | LI Zhengyu1, ZHAO Xia1 & WEI Yuquan2 1. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China 2. Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Human Diseases of Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Sichuan university, Chengdu 610041, China | 2004 | Science China(Life Sciences)2004，47，2： | 8 |
| 13 | Nitrogen isotopic composition of plant-soil in the Loess Plateau and its responding to environmental change显示文摘The nitrogen isotope of soil is of emerging significance as an indicator of climatic change and biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in nature systems. In this paper, the nitrogen content and isotopic composition of modern ecosystems from arid and semiarid Loess Plateau in northwestern China, including plant roots and surface soil, were determined to investigate trends in δ15N variation of plant roots and soil along a precipitation and temperature gradient in northwestern China under the East Asian Monsoon climate condition. The δ15N values of surface soil from the study area vary from ?1.2‰ to 5.8‰, but from -5.1‰ to 1.9‰ in the plant roots. Our results indicate that (1) although the isotopic compositions of both plant roots and surface soil change with a similar trend along the climate gradient, the apparent nitrogen difference between plant roots and soil existed, with -δ15N values ranging from 0.3‰ to 7.2‰ with average of 4.1‰; and (2) mean annual precipitation (MAP) is the dominant factor for isotopic composition of plant-soil nitrogen in the Loess Plateau, and the δ15N values are less correlated with MAT; we suggest that nitrogen isotopic composition of soil is a potential tracer for environmental changes. | LIU WeiGuo1,2 & WANG Zheng1,3 1 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, China 2 Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Human Settlement and Civil Engineering, Xi’an 710049, China 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，2： | 8 |
| 14 | Recent progress in 8igenomic research of liver cancer显示文摘Along the course of occurrence and development of liver cancer,the corresponding somatic cells accumulate some important genetic variations.These variations may be divided into two categories.For the genetic changes closely related to etiology of liver cancer,the well-known cases include insertion and integration of the hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA after infection,and mutations at site 249 of the tumor suppressor gene p53 induced by exposure to aflatoxin B1.The secondary genetic changes include amplification and deletion of certain chromosome regions,mutations in p53 at the sites other than 249,as well as the mutational activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.The tumor cells with these genetic variations may gradually become the dominant clones under evolutionary selection.Besides,identification of genetic susceptible against risk of liver malignancy is also an important aspect of research in this field. | HAN ZeGuang Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory for Disease and Health Genomics,Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai,Shanghai 201203,China | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，1： | 7 |
| 15 | Gene admixture in ethnic populations in upper part of Silk Road revealed by mtDNA polymorphism显示文摘To evaluate the gene admixture on the current genetic landscape in Gansu Corridor (GC) in China, the upper part of the ancient Silk Road which connects the Eastern and Central Asia, we examined mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms of five ethnic populations in this study. Using PCR-RFLP and sequencing, we analyzed mtDNA haplotypes in 242 unrelated samples in three ethnic populations from the GC region and two ethnic populations from the adjacent Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. We analyzed the data in comparison with the previously reported data from Eastern, Central and Western Asia and Europe. We found that both European-specific haplogroups and Eastern Asian-specific haplogroups exist in the Gansu Corridor populations, while a modest matrilineal gene flow from Europeans to this region was revealed. The Gansu Corridor populations are genetically located between Eastern Asians and Central Asians, both of who contributed significantly to the maternal lineages of the GC populations. This study made the landscape of the gene flow and admixture along the Silk Road from Europe, through Central Asia, to the upper part of the Silk Road more complete. | YANG LiuQi, TAN SiJie, YU HaiJing, ZHENG BingRong, QIAO EnFa, DONG YongLi, ZAN RuiGuang & XIAO ChunJie Key Laboratory of Bioresources Conservation and Utilization & Human Genetics Center, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，5： | 7 |
| 16 | 人类成体干细胞临床试验和应用的伦理准则(建议稿)显示文摘第一章总则 第一条为了使我国生物医学领域人类成体干细胞研究切实遵守我国的相关法规,使干细胞技术更好地为治疗人类疾病、增进人民健康服务,并切实保护患者和受试者的权益,根据我国《执业医师法》、《人体器官移植条例》、《人胚胎干细胞研究伦理指导原则》、《医疗技术临床应用管理办法》、《药品临床试验管理规范》、《药物临床试验伦理审查工作指导原则》及《涉及人的生物医学研究伦理审查办法(试则)》,参考国际干细胞研究协会(ISSCR)《干细胞临床转化(应用)指导原则》,特制定本伦理准则。 | Department of Ethics,Chinese National Human Genome Center in Shanghai | 2014 | 中国医学伦理学2014，27，2： | 7 |
| 17 | Mitochondrial DNA A1555G mutation screening using a testing kit method and its significance in preventing aminoglycoside-related hearing loss显示文摘To report a new screening method for mitochondrial DNA 1555A→G mutation and the results of genotype analysis in 19 maternal inherited deafness pedigrees. Method Five hundred and forty-six non-syndromic neuro-sensory hearing loss patients were tested for 1555A→G mutation using a new compact testing kit, which allows clear distinction between wild type and 1555 A→G mutated mtDNAs. Results Nineteen subjects among the 546 patients (3.48%) were found to carry mtDNA A1555G mutation. The results were confirmed by sequencing in an ABI 3100 Avant sequencer. Conclusions Maternal inherited deafness families are a frequently seen in outpatient group. The detection of mtDNA 1555 A→G mutation with a low cost, ready to use detection kit is needed and suitable in China for large scale screening and preventive testing before usage of aminoglycoside antibiotics. | LIU Xin,1 DAI Pu,1* HUANG Deliang,1 YUAN Huijun,1 LI Weiming,1 YU Fei,1 ZHANG Xin,1 KANG Dongyang,1 CAO Juyang,1 YANG Weiyan,1 HAN Dongyi,1 JIN Zhengce2, GUAN Minxin3 1. Department of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China2. Weihai Aomaier Gene Technological CO.,LTD.,Weihai,Shandong 264200, China.3. Division and Program in Human Genetics and Center for Hearing and Deafness Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA | 2006 | Journal of Otology2006，1，1： | 7 |
| 18 | An analysis of the wide area differential method of geostationary orbit satellites显示文摘This work aims to obtain a wide area differential method for geostationary orbit (GEO) constellation. A comparison between the dilution of precision (DOP) of four-dimensional (4D) calculation including sa- tellite clock errors and ephemeris errors and that of three-dimensional (3D) calculation only including ephemeris errors with the inverse positioning theory of GPS shows the conclusion that all the 3D PDOPs are greatly reduced. Based on this, a basic idea of correcting satellite clock errors and ephem- eris errors apart is put forward, and moreover, a specific method of separation is proposed. Satellite clock errors are separated in a master station with time synchronization, and all the remaining pseu- do-range errors after the satellite clock errors have been deducted are used to work out ephemeris corrections of all GEO satellites. By a comparative analysis of user positioning accuracy before and after differential, the wide area differential method is verified to be quite valid for GEO constellation. | CAI ChengLin1,2,3?, LI XiaoHui1 & WU HaiTao1 1 National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lintong 710600, China 2 Hunan Institute of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，2： | 7 |
| 19 | Development and application of genotyping technologies显示文摘With the completion of Human Genome Project,International HapMap Project and the publication of copy number variation in human genome,a great number of accurate,rapid,and cost-effective technologies for SNP analysis have been developed,promoting the research of the complex diseases.This article presents a review of widely used genotyping techniques,and the progress and prospect in the study of complex diseases in terms of the projects and achievements of Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai(CHGCs). | SHI JinXiu,WANG Ying & HUANG Wei Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics,Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai,Shanghai 201203,China | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，1： | 6 |
| 20 | National Human Rights Action Plan of China (2009-2010)显示文摘IntroductionThe realization of human rights in the broadest sense has been a long-cher-ished ideal of mankind and also a long-pursued goal of the Chinese | The Information Off ice of the State Council published the National Human Rights Action Plan of China | 2009 | The Journal of Human Rights2009，8，3： | 6 |
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