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| 1 | 我国古食谱稳定同位素分析的影响因素及其蕴含的考古学信息显示文摘根据'我即我食'原理,生物体组织的稳定同位素组成与其食物来源密切相关。多样化食物资源与复杂的新陈代谢暗示着生物体组织的稳定同位素组成可能受到自然环境、人类活动以及自身生理健康等多因素的影响。对这些影响因素的综合评估不仅为更全面准确的重建古代人(或动物)的食谱提供重要依据,同时,结合考古学文化发展脉络,判断引起考古遗址出土生物体稳定同位素组成时空变化的主导因素,又可为揭示古代人地关系、人类活动以及社会经济发展等提供新的视角。为此,以我国古代独具特色的饮食文化为背景,在多因素影响机理论述基础之上,探讨可能影响我国古代人(或动物)稳定同位素食谱分析的各方面因素;同时,通过对不同影响因素的诠释,揭秘其背后隐藏的考古学信息。 | 屈亚婷 易冰 胡珂 杨苗苗 | 2019 | 第四纪研究2019,39,6: | 18 |
| 2 | 内蒙古草原常见植物叶片δ13C和δ15对环境因子的响应显示文摘在中国东北样带沿线的内蒙古草原地区采集了一些常见植物的叶片样品,并测定其δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N值,分析了其统计学特征以及对环境因子(年平均降雨量和温度)的响应模式。发现东北样带草原区同时存在C_3和C_4两种不同光合途径的植物,但是C_3植物占主导地位,C_4植物数量有限。C_3植物叶片δ^(13)C随着年平均降雨量和年平均温度的升高而显著降低,反映了此区域C_3植物δ^(13)C受控于降水量和温度。C_4植物的叶片δ^(13)C值随着降雨量的增多而有轻微升高的趋势,但是C_4植物的叶片δ^(13)C值对年平均温度的响应不敏感。不论对C_3植物还是C_4植物而言,叶片δ^(15)N都随降雨量增加而显著降低,即干旱区的植物叶片δ^(15)N大于湿润地区,这说明降水是影响植物叶片δ^(15)N的一个重要因素。然而两者叶片δ^(15)N对温度的响应不敏感。 | 刘艳杰 许宁 牛海山 | 2016 | 生态学报2016,36,1: | 17 |
| 3 | 植物氮同位素组成与其影响因子的关系研究进展显示文摘植物氮同位素组成(δ15 N)能够综合反映氮循环特征,研究植物δ15 N与其影响因子的关系,有助于理解气候变化对生态系统氮循环的影响。通过概述菌根类型、叶片N含量、氮源、温度、降水、大气CO2浓度、土壤N有效性等生物和非生物因素对植物氮同位素组成(δ15 N)的影响以及植物δ15 N随海拔的变化趋势,指出目前研究中存在的不足,提出在群落水平上,采用野外调查和控制试验相结合的方法,研究环境因素(尤其是大气CO2浓度)对植物δ15 N的影响规律及机理将是今后该领域的研究重点。 | 周咏春 程希雷 樊江文 | 2012 | 草地学报2012,20,6: | 11 |
| 4 | 岩溶区不同植被类型下的土壤氮同位素分异特征显示文摘利用氮同位素自然丰度(δ15N)法研究了重庆青木关岩溶区不同植被类型下的土壤氮同位素分异特征及其影响因素。研究结果表明区内土壤1δ5N受不同的植被、地质和土地利用等影响而具有明显的横向和垂向分异特征,具体表现为:0—20 cm层土壤1δ5N与植物体1δ5N具有显著相关性,该层土壤1δ5N大小为草地土(4.79‰)>退耕还林土(4.77‰)>稻田土(4.28‰)>旱地土(4.25‰)>灌丛土(3.82‰)>针叶林土(3.81‰)>砂岩区针叶林土(3.40‰);20—40 cm层土壤δ15N大小为砂岩区针叶林土(5.21‰)>退耕还林土(5.10‰)>草地土(5.01‰)>稻田土(4.88‰)>灌丛土(4.70‰)>旱地土(4.55‰)>针叶林土(4.26‰);40 cm以下土壤1δ5N差异较小,灌丛最高,旱地最低。总体上,砂岩区林地土壤除表层贫化15N外,其余各层均富集15N,且分异较小。而岩溶区土壤δ15N具有明显的垂直变异特征,特别是灌丛林,表现为40 cm以上的土壤贫化15N,且变化较大,其中0—10 cm土壤δ15N受植物凋落物影响而较低,10—20 cm土壤δ15N受微生物作用影响稍显偏高,20—30 cm土壤δ15N随微生物活动减弱而有所降低;40 cm以下土壤矿化程度较大而富集15N,且变化较小。除受植被类型影响外,岩溶区土壤1δ5N还受其偏碱、富钙、高粘粒含量的物理化学特性以及农业施肥活动等因素共同影响。 | 汪智军 梁轩 贺秋芳 袁道先 | 2011 | 生态学报2011,31,17: | 7 |
| 5 | 中国北方农牧交错带草本植物δ^(15)N梯度变化及其对环境信息的指示显示文摘植物氮同位素组成(δ^(15)N)是气候环境变化和生态系统氮循环的综合结果,开展典型区域植物δ^(15)N的研究可以指示气候环境的变化。沿400 mm等降水量线测定中国北方农牧交错带草本植物和土壤的δ^(15)N值,并将δ^(15)N值与气候环境因子进行统计分析。结果表明:1)样带草本植物δ^(15)N值分布在-5. 5‰~15. 3‰之间(平均值4. 02‰),其中,C3草本植物的δ^(15)N值范围(-5. 5‰~15. 0‰)比C4植物(-2. 85‰~15. 3‰)宽,但平均值显著低于C4植物;土壤δ^(15)N值范围为1. 42‰~9. 11‰,平均值为4. 74‰; 2) C3、C4草本植物整体以及2种广适性草本植物的δ^(15)N值与经纬度均呈显著正相关性(C4草本植物δ^(15)N值与经度关系不显著除外),但与海拔关系微弱; 3)植物/土壤的δ^(15)N值均随温度升高呈显著偏负趋势,其中C3、C4草本植物的温度系数分别为-0. 41‰/℃和-0. 39‰/℃,但植物δ^(15)N值随降水增加呈微弱偏负趋势; 4)偏相关分析显示,在控制降水变化后,草本植物δ^(15)N值与年平均温度的相关性更加显著,而在控制温度变化后,植物δ^(15)N值与年平均降水量的关系更加微弱。研究表明在水分变化相对较小的条件下,温度可能是控制本样带植物δ^(15)N值变化的关键因子,意味着植物δ^(15)N信息可以指示中国北方农牧交错带温度的变化。 | 刘贤赵 张勇 宿庆 李振国 冯腾 宋焱 | 2018 | 中国科学院大学学报(中英文)2018,35,6: | 3 |
| 6 | 冬小麦生长期氮同位素组成对温度的响应显示文摘研究了在田间持水量为70%~80%的水分控制条件下,黄土高原冬小麦(小偃6号)生长期氮同位素组成对温度变化的响应。结果表明:水分充足条件下,小麦生长期的温度变化范围为-2.2℃~21.7℃,植物氮同位素值的变化范围为-8.1‰~-1.6‰,在整个生长期,小麦氮同位素值和温度的变化具有正相关关系,即温度较高时,小麦氮同位素值亦较高,而低温导致小麦氮同位素值下降。这是小麦生理变化和土壤有效氮源对温度变化共同响应的表现,该结果为理解氮同位素组成和气候变化之间的关系提供了新的证据。 | 王周锋 刘卫国 邓西平 | 2011 | 核农学报2011,25,1: | 3 |
| 7 | Bedrock geology interacts with altitude in affecting leaf growth and foliar nutrient status of mountain vascular plants显示文摘Aims Altitude is often used as a proxy for ascertaining how warming affects plant growth and leaf level properties.However,we have a poor understanding of how the effects of altitude-related warming varies across geology.therefore,this study examined the independ-ent and interactive effects of altitude and geology and species on plant growth and foliar nutrient status.Methods We determined leaf growth rates and concentrations of major nutrients(nitrogen,N and phosphorus,P)in leaves of five spe-cies across two altitudinal gradients(1200-2200 m)in the Dolomites(south-eastern Alps,Italy).the two transects were located on carbonate bedrock and silicate bedrock,respec-tively.We also determined concentrations of inorganic and organic N and P forms in soils,andδ15N signature in leaves and soils.Important Findings Foliar N concentrations were unrelated to bedrock geology.the negative foliarδ^(15)N signature suggested that organic N was the primary source of N supply across the gradients.Foliar P concentrations were strongly affected by bedrock geology and their altitudinal patterns depended on the concentrations of organic and inorganic P forms in the soil.Phosphates and organic P appeared to be the main sources of P supply.Leaf growth rates increased with higher altitude on silicate bedrock and decreased with higher altitude on carbonate bedrock and presented a significant positive correlation with foliar N:P.In conclusion,bedrock geology inter-acted with altitude in controlling the foliar nutrient status mainly owing to availability of soil P and its effect on foliar nutrient stoichiometry. | Renato Gerdol Roberta Marchesini Paola Iacumin | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017,10,5: | 2 |
| 8 | Variations in nitrogen isotopic values among various particle-sized fractions in modern soil in northwestern China显示文摘Ratios of stable nitrogen isotopes in organic matter derived from plants and preserved in soil are potential tracers for nitrogen cycles in natural ecosystems and valuable for evaluation of climate change. However, the rela-tionship between nitrogen isotopic compositions in surface soil and in plant litter during the decomposition process from plant litter to soil organic matter is not well understood. By using nitrogen isotopic analysis of soil parti-cle-sized fractions, nitrogen isotope discrimination between plant litter and surface soil organic matter in various modern ecosystems in northwestern China was conducted. The results of our study indicate that: (1) in general, the nitrogen isotopic compositions of particle-sized fractions from surface soil are different, and δ15N values increase from plant litter to fine soil organic matter; (2) the δ15N values in the soil particle-sized fractions become larger with increasing relative humidity and temperature, and the largest variation in the δ15N values is from -5.9‰ to -0.3‰; and (3) under a controlled climate, significant nitrogen isotope differences in δ15N values (Δδ15Nplant-soil) between plant litter and bulk soil organic matter were observed, with the values of 1.52 to 4.75 at various sites. Our results suggested that comparisons of Δδ15N values between bulk soil and the particle-sized fractions of soil could reveal the effect of humidity on transferring process of nitrogen from plant to soil in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. | LIU Weiguo WANG Zhoufeng WANG Zheng FENG Xiahong ZHANG Pu | 2011 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2011,30,3: | 2 |