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| 1 | Role of polyethylene particles in peri-prosthetic osteolysis:A review显示文摘There is convincing evidence that particles produced by the wear of joint prostheses are causal in the periprosthetic loss of bone,or osteolysis,which,if it progresses,leads to the phenomenon of aseptic loosening.It is important to fully understand the biology of this bone loss because it threatens prosthesis survival,and loosened implants can result in peri-prosthetic fracture,which is disastrous for the patient and presents a difficult surgical scenario.The focus of this review is the bioactivity of polyethylene(PE)particles,since there is evidence that these are major players in the development and progression of osteolysis around prostheses which use PE as the bearing surface.The review describes the biological consequences of interaction of PE particles with macrophages,osteoclasts and cells of the osteoblast lineage,including osteocytes.It explores the possible cellular mechanisms of action of PE and seeks to use the findings to date to propose potential nonsurgical treatments for osteolysis.In particular,a nonsurgical approach is likely to be applicable to implants containing newer,highly cross-linked PEs(HXLPEs),for which osteolysis seems to occur with much reduced PE wear compared with conventional PEs.The caveat here is that we know little as yet about the bioactivity of HXLPE particles and addressing this constitutes our next challenge. | Gerald J Atkins David R Haynes Donald W Howie David M Findlay | 2011 | World Journal of Orthopedics2011，2，10： | 11 |
| 2 | Idempotent Generators in Finite Full Transformation Semigroups显示文摘 | Howie J M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 3 | Idempotent Rank in Finite Full Transformation Semigroups显示文摘 | Howie J M McFadden R B | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 4 | On factorisations and generators in transformation semigroup显示文摘 | AYIK GtAYIK H HOWIE J M | 2005 | Semigroup Forum2005，70，2： | 1 |
| 5 | On Relative Ranks of Full Transformation Semigroups显示文摘 | Howie J M Ruskuc N Higgins P M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Rank properties of the semigroup of singular transformations on a finite set显示文摘 | AYIK G AYIK H HOWIE J M | 2008 | Commun Algebra2008，36，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Idempotent generators in finite full transformation semigroup显示文摘 | | 1978 | Proc Royal Soc Edinburgh1978，81，： | 1 |
| 8 | On the ranks of certain finite semigroups of transformations显示文摘 | GOMES G M S HOWIE J M | 1987 | Math Proc Cambridge Phil Soc1987，101，3： | 1 |
| 9 | The subsemigroup generated by the idempotents of a full transformation semigroup显示文摘 | | 1966 | J London Math Soc1966，41，： | 1 |
| 10 | On the ranks of certain semigroups of order-preserving transformations显示文摘 | GOMES G M S HOWIE J M | 1992 | Semigroup Forum1992，45，3： | 1 |
| 11 | On the ranks of certain semigroups of order-preserving transformations 显示文摘 | GOMES G M S HOWIE J M | 1992 | Semig- roup Forum1992，45，： | 1 |
| 12 | On the Ranks of Certain Finite Semigroups of Transformations 显示文摘 | GOMES G M S HOWIE J M | 1987 | Math Proc Camb Phil Soc1987，101，： | 1 |
| 13 | The maximum idempotent-separating congruence on an inverse semigroup显示文摘 | HOWIE J M | 1964 | Proc Edinburgh Math Soc1964，14，： | 1 |
| 14 | On the Ranks of Certain Semigroups of Order-Preserving Transformations 显示文摘 | GOMES G M S HOWIE J M | 1992 | Semig-roup Forum1992，45，1： | 1 |
| 15 | The proliferation and phenotypic expression of human osteoblasts on tantalum metal显示文摘 | David M Findlay Katie Welldon Gerald J Atkins Donald W Howie Andrew C.W Zannettino Dennis Bobyn | 2003 | Biomaterials2003，，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Rank and sta- tus in semigroup theory 显示文摘 | CHERUBINI A HOWIE J M PIOCHI B | 2004 | Commun Algebra2004，32，： | 1 |
| 17 | Idempotent generators in finite full transformation semigroups显示文摘 | HOWIE J M | 1978 | Proc Roy Soc Edinburgh Sect A1978，81，34： | 1 |
| 18 | On the ranks of certain fi- nite semigroups of transformations 显示文摘 | GOMES G M S HOWIE J M | 1987 | Math Proc Camb Phil Soc1987，101，： | 1 |
| 19 | On the ranks of certain semigroups of order-preserving transformations显示文摘 | Howie J M | 1992 | Semigroup Forum1992，45，： | 1 |
| 20 | Products of idempotents in finite full transformation simigroups显示文摘 | Howie J M | 1980 | Proceedings of the Roysl Society of Edinburgh A1980，86，： | 1 |
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