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| 1 | 基坑开挖对下卧运营盾构隧道影响的数值模拟研究显示文摘上海外滩修建地下通道——外滩通道,通道南段采用明挖法施工,在延安东路路口与已建的延安东路隧道产生交叉跨越问题。外滩通道基坑坑底与延安东路南、北线隧道拱顶距离仅为7.1m与5.4m,基坑开挖必然使下卧运营隧道产生附加变形以及附加内力。为了研究外滩通道开挖对下卧延安东路隧道的影响,以及评价不同隧道保护措施的效果,通过三维有限元软件PLAXIS-GiD进行四组模拟,包括无隧道保护措施的工况、采取土体加固措施的工况、基坑开挖过程中在坑底进行堆载的工况以及同时进行土体加固和堆载的工况。实际工程中同时采用土体加固和堆载这两种措施来保护隧道,现场监测数据与对应的数值模拟结果具有较好的一致性。分析表明:基坑开挖将对下卧隧道产生很大的影响,且影响范围较大,约为6倍基坑宽度,施工中采取合理的隧道保护措施是十分必要的。 | 黄宏伟 黄栩 Schweiger F. Helmut | 2012 | 土木工程学报2012，45，3： | 159 |
| 2 | 煤矸石充填复垦地理化特性与重金属分布特征显示文摘为研究煤矸石充填复垦地农作物产量达到最佳时的覆土厚度及煤矸石充填复垦地重金属分布状况,该文以新庄孜矿煤矸石充填复垦地作为研究对象,采取室外田间小区试验和室内试验分析方法,选取不同覆土厚度50~60,60~70,70~80,80~90 cm的4类试验地块及对照地块对其土壤理化性质及农作物根系分布、长势产量、重金属元素含量进行调查分析,发现复垦地块各项指标与对照地块差异显著,劣于对照地块;煤矸石充填基质土壤理化性质较差;70~80 cm的厚度是煤矸石充填复垦造地较经济合理的覆土厚度。煤矸石复垦地重金属元素有向上迁移的趋势;复垦土壤及煤矸石基质中Pb、Zn、Cr元素含量处于安全水平;大部分监测的Cu、Ni、Cd元素含量高于淮南土壤背景值,低于中国土壤环境质量标准二级标准,对复垦土壤已构成潜在的威胁性,应予以重视;覆土厚度50~60 cm地块的煤矸石基质中Cu、Ni元素含量处于安全水平,煤矸石基质中Cd元素含量高于淮南土壤土壤背景值,低于中国土壤环境质量标准二级标准,应予以重视。结果表明70~80 cm的厚度是煤矸石充填复垦造地最佳覆土厚度;新庄孜煤矸石充填复垦地重金属有向上迁移的趋势,复垦土壤中重金属含量符合国家二级标准,未出现重金属污染情况,但部分重金属元素含量高于淮南市土壤背景值,应予以重视。 | 徐良骥 黄璨 章如芹 刘会平 严家平 Helmut Meuser Lutz Makowsky | 2014 | 农业工程学报2014，30，5： | 62 |
| 3 | Different profiles of cytokine expression during mild and severe acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM:To study secretion patterns of proand anti-in-flammatory cytokines, and activation of various cellular subsets of leukocytes in peripheral blood.METHODS: We have conducted a prospective obser-vational study. One hundred and eight patients with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and onset of the disease within last 72 h were included in this study. The mRNA expression of 25 different types of cytokines in white blood cells was determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of 8 different cytokines in blood serum were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Clinical data and cytokine expression results were subjected to statistical analysis.RESULTS: Severe and necrotizing acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by the significant depletion of circulating lymphocytes. Severe acute pancreatitis is as-sociated with a typical systemic inflammatory response syndrome and over-expression of pro-inflammatory cy-tokines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)]. Serum IL-6 and MIF concentra-tions are the best discriminators of severe and necrotiz-ing AP as well as possible fatal outcome during the early course of the disease. CONCLUSION: Deregulation of cellular immune sys-tem is a key event leading to severe and necrotizing AP. IL-6 and MIF could be used as early predictors of complications. | Zilvinas Dambrauskas Nathalia Giese Antanas Gulbinas Thomas Giese Pascal O Berberat Juozas Pundzius Giedrius Barauskas Helmut Friess | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，15： | 49 |
| 4 | Blood loss,predictors of bleeding,transfusion practice and strategies of blood cell salvaging during liver transplantation显示文摘Blood loss during liver transplantation (OLTx) is a common consequence of pre-existing abnormalities of the hemostatic system,portal hypertension with multiple collateral vessels,portal vein thrombosis,previous abdominal surgery,splenomegaly,and poor 'functional' recovery of the new liver.The intrinsic coagulopathic features of end stage cirrhosis along with surgical technical difficulties make transfusion-free liver transplantation a major challenge,and,despite the improvements in understanding of intraoperative coagulation profiles and strategies to control blood loss,the requirements for blood or blood products remains high.The impact of blood transfusion has been shown to be significant and independent of other well-known predictors of posttransplant-outcome.Negative effects on immunomodulation and an increased risk of postoperative complications and mortality have been repeatedly demonstrated.Isovolemic hemodilution,the extensive utilization of thromboelastogram and the use of autotransfusion devices are among the commonly adopted procedures to limit the amount of blood transfusion.The use of intraoperative blood salvage and autologous blood transfusion should still be considered an important method to reduce the need for allogenic blood and the associated complications.In this article we report on the common preoperative and intraoperative factors contributing to blood loss,intraoperative transfusion practices,anesthesiologic and surgical strategies to prevent blood loss,and on intraoperative blood salvaging techniques and autologous blood transfusion.Even though the advances in surgical technique and anesthetic management,as well as a better understanding of the risk factors,have resulted in a steady decrease in intraoperative bleeding,most patients still bleed extensively.Blood transfusion therapy is still a critical feature during OLTx and various studies have shown a large variability in the use of blood products among different centers and even among individual anesthesiologists within the same center.Unfortunately,despite the large number of OLTx performed each year,there is still paucity of large randomized,multicentre,and controlled studies which indicate how to prevent bleeding,the transfusion needs and thresholds,and the 'evidence based' perioperative strategies to reduce the amount of transfusion. | Feltracco Paolo Brezzi Marialuisa Barbieri Stefania Galligioni Helmut Milevoj Moira Carollo Cristiana Ori Carlo | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，1： | 37 |
| 5 | 电流强化铝合金CO_2激光焊接显示文摘介绍了一种利用电流的磁流体动力学效应强化铝合金CO2 激光焊接的方法及初步试验结果。在激光焊接过程中 ,通过一个布置于熔池前方的附加电极向熔池提供电流 ,该电流在熔池中产生磁场和电磁力 ,致使熔池运动状态及相应的热交换条件发生改变 ,从而提高激光能量的有效利用率和加工效率、控制焊缝成型。利用该方法 ,焊缝深度最高增加约 32 % ,面积增加约 2 0 % ,而焊缝宽度减小约 2 8% | 肖荣诗 左铁钏 Gnter Ambrosy Helmut Hgel | 2004 | 中国激光2004，31，3： | 22 |
| 6 | 脑干海绵状血管瘤手术入路选择显示文摘目的探讨脑干海绵状血管瘤手术适应证和手术入路的选择。方法回顾分析70例手术治疗的脑干海绵状血管瘤,其中位于:中脑15例、中脑-桥脑交界8例、桥脑34例、桥脑-延髓交界5例、延髓8例。我们共采用8种手术入路:经菱形窝27例、颞下或颞-枕入路14例、远外侧经髁7例、外侧小脑上幕下7例、中线小脑上幕下8例、枕经天幕4例、乳突后2例,以及眶颧1例。结果本组病例的年出血率为2.9%(77/2364),占同期颅内海绵状血管瘤的44%(70/159);97%的病例手术选择在亚急性或慢性期、且所有患者均有颅神经症状和(或)运动功能障碍、感觉障碍、共济失调(包括失平衡)。中脑病变手术入路选择以中线小脑上(46.7%,7/15)、颞下或颞-枕(26.7%,4/15)为主;桥脑病变多选择菱形窝(58.8%,20/34)、颞下或颞-枕(23.5%,8/34);而病变位于延髓者以远外侧经髁(62.5%,5/8)和菱形窝入路(37.5%,3/8)为主。结论脑干海绵状血管瘤表现为进行性神经功能缺失、具有占位效应、接近脑干表面者可考虑手术治疗;个体化地选择手术入路、术中神经电生理监测以及直接的电刺激是手术成功的关键。 | 卞留贯 Helmut Bertalanffy 孙青芳 沈建康 Ulrich Sure Wuttipong Tirakotai 赵卫国 | 2007 | 中华神经外科疾病研究杂志2007，6，1： | 20 |
| 7 | 预防性回肠造口在直肠癌超低位前切除术中的应用价值显示文摘目的探讨预防性回肠造口降低直肠癌超低位前切除术后吻合口瘘发生率的临床价值。方法回顾性分析8年间行直肠癌超低位前切除术98例患者的临床资料。比较实施预防性回肠造口组(A)45例和未实施组(B)53例两组间吻合口瘘发生率的差异。结果A组仅1例发生吻合口瘘(2.2%);B组11例发生吻合口瘘(20.8%)(P(0.05)。结论有选择的预防性回肠造口,可有效降低直肠癌超低位前切除术后吻合口瘘的发生率。 | 阎玉矿 Helmut Friess Jrg Kleeff | 2007 | 中国普通外科杂志2007，16，4： | 20 |
| 8 | KAI1 gene is differently expressed in papillary and pancreatic cancer:influence on metastasis显示文摘AIM To compare KAI1 in cancer of papilla ofVater and pancreas to evaluate whether there aredifferences in biologic behavior which mightaccount for prognosis.METHODS We compared the expression in 24papillay and 29 pancreatic cancers usingNorthern blot analysis,immunochemical assayand in situ hybridization,and investigatedwhether early diagnosis or molecular differencespredict the outcome in these tumor entities.RESULTS By Northern blot analysis there is nostatistical difference of KAI1 levels in normaland cancerous papilla.No association betweenKAI1 mRNA expression and tumor stage or tumordifferentiation was found in the tumors.Byimmunohistochemical assay,KAI1 staining incytoplasm of papillary cancer cells was similarto that of normal papillary cells.By in situhybridization,the results of KAI1 mRNAexpression in normal and cancerous papilla weresimilar to those with immunohistochemicalassay.The normal and cancerous pancreastissues were also analyzed by the methods usedin papillary samples.CONCLUSION Although the biologic roles of KAI1 have not been clarified, our results suggest that KAI1 may restrict the progression of malignant papillary cancer, but its expression might not have any effect on the characteristics of papillary tumor, whereas by the analysis of KAl1 gene, its reduced expression is closely related to the progression and metastases of pancreatic cancer. | Helmut Friess Markus W.Buchler | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，6： | 20 |
| 9 | Detection of disseminated pancreatic cells by amplification of cytokeratin-19 with quantitative RT-PCR in blood,bone marrow and peritoneal lavage of pancreatic carcinoma patients显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic potential of cytokeratin-19 (CK-19) mRNA for the detection of disseminated tumor cells in blood, bone marrow and peritoneal lavage in patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 37), chronic pancreatitis (n = 16), and non-pan- creatic benign surgical diseases (n = 15, control group) were included in the study. Venous blood was taken preoperatively, intraoperatively and at postoperative d 1 and 10. Preoperative bone marrow aspirates and peritoneal lavage taken before mobilization of the tumor were analyzed. All samples were evaluated for disseminated tumor cells by CK-19-specific nested-PCR and quantitative fluorogenic RT-PCR. RESULTS: CK-19 mRNA expression was increased in 24 (64%) blood samples and 11 (30%) of the peritoneal lavage samples in the patients with pancreatic cancer. In 15 (40%) of the patients with pancreatic cancer, disseminated tumor cells were detected in venous blood and bone marrow and/or peritoneal lavage. In the peritoneal lavage, the detection rates were correlated with the tumor size and the tumor differentiation. CK-19 levels were increased in pT3/T4 and moderately/poorly differentiated tumors (G2/G3). Pancreatic cancer patients with at least one CK-19 mRNA-positive sample showed a trend towards shorter survival. Pancreatic cancerpatients showed significantly increased detection rates of disseminated tumor cells in blood and peritoneal lavage compared to the controls and the patients with chronic pancreatitis. CONCLUSION: Disseminated tumor cells can be detected in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocar- cinoma by CK-19 fluorogenic RT-PCR. In peritoneal lavage, detection rate is correlated with tumor stage and differentiation. In the clinical use, CK-19 is suitable for the distinction between malignant and benign pancreatic disease in combination with other tumor-specific markers. | Katrin Hoffmann Christiane Kerner Wolfgang Wilfert Marc Mueller Joachim Thiery Johann Hauss Helmut Witzigmann | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，2： | 20 |
| 10 | Alcoholic liver disease and hepatitis C:A frequently underestimated combination显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection represent, either alone or in combination, more than two thirds of all patients with liver disease in the Western world.This review discusses the epidemiology and combined impact of ALD and HCV on the progres sion of liver disease.ALD and HCV affect the progres sion of liver disease to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in a synergistic manner.Thus, the risk for HCC increases f ive times with a daily alcohol con sumption of 80 g;in the presence of HCV it is increased 20fold, and a combination of both risk factors leads to a more than 100fold risk for HCC development.Alcohol consumption also decreases the response to interferon treatment which is probably due to a lack of compliance than a direct effect on HCV replication.Several molecu lar mechanisms are discussed that could explain the synergistic interaction of alcohol and HCV on disease progression.They include modulation of the immune response and apoptosis, increased oxidative stress via induction of CYP2E1 and the hepatic accumulation of iron.Thus, both HCV and alcohol independently cause hepatic iron accumulation in > 50% of patients probably due to suppression of the liversecreted systemic iron hormone hepcidin.A better understanding of hepcidin regulation could help in developing novel therapeutic approaches to treat the chronic disease in the future.For now, it can be generally concluded that HCVinfect ed patients should abstain from alcohol and alcoholicsshould be encouraged to participate in detoxification programs. | Sebastian Mueller Gunda Millonig Helmut K Seitz | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，28： | 18 |
| 11 | 中压真空断路器在保障城市电网供电可靠性中的应用显示文摘真空断路器技术的发展取决于两个技术的发展:真空灭弧室技术和操动机构技术。单稳态永磁操动机构真空断路器在这两方面研究取得的进步使中压真空断路器实现了小型化、高可靠性、长寿命和完全免维护。它是一种空气绝缘的全封闭型真空断路器,集操动机构和灭弧室于一体。它本身不含有任何有害气体,且尺寸小和免维护,可使空气绝缘的固定柜做到非常紧凑的程度。文章对这项出自前苏联军事试验室的研制成果及其应用作了介绍,并对其应用前景进行了评估。 | 王月 Helmut Rebstock | 2006 | 电网技术2006，30，2： | 15 |
| 12 | Non-invasive diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)is the most common liver disease in the Western world.For many reasons,it isunderestimated and underdiagnosed.An early diagnosis is absolutely essential since it(1)helps to identify patients at genetic risk for ALD;(2)can trigger efficient abstinence namely in non-addicted patients;and(3)initiate screening programs to prevent life-threateningcomplications such as bleeding from varices,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or hepatocellular cancer.The two major end points of ALD are alcoholic liver cirrhosis and the rare and clinically-defined alcoholic hepatitis(AH).The prediction and early diagnosis of both entities is still insufficiently solved and usually relies on acombination of laboratory,clinical and imaging findings.It is not widely conceived that conventional screeningtools for ALD such as ultrasound imaging or routine laboratory testing can easily overlook ca.40%of manifest alcoholic liver cirrhosis.Non-invasive methods such as transient elastography(Fibroscan),acoustic radiation force impulse imaging or shear wave elastography have significantly improved the early diagnosis of alcoholiccirrhosis.Present algorithms allow either the exclusion or the exact definition of advanced fibrosis stages in ca.95%of patients.The correct interpretation of liver stiffness requires a timely abdominal ultrasound and actual transaminase levels.Other non-invasive methods such as controlled attenuation parameter,serum levels of M30 or M65,susceptometry or breath tests are under current evaluation to assess the degree of steatosis,apoptosis and iron overload in these patients.Liver biopsy still remains an important option to rule out comorbidities and to confirm the prognosis namely for patients with AH. | Sebastian Mueller Helmut Karl Seitz Vanessa Rausch | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，40： | 15 |
| 13 | Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma:Correlation with microvessel density显示文摘AIM: Cydooxygenases (COX) are key enzymes for conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is the enzyme responsible for formation of nitric oxide.Both have constitutive and inducible isoforms. The inducible isoforms (iNOS and COX-2) are of great interest as regulators of tumor angiogenesis, tumorigenesis and inflammatory processes. This study was to clarify their role in pancreatic adenocarcinomas.METHODS: We investigated the immunohistochemical iNOS and COX-2 expression in 40 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas of different grade and stage. The results were compared with microvessel density and clinicopathological data.RESULTS: Twenty-one (52.5%) of the cases showed iNOS expression, 15 (37.5%) of the cases were positive for COX-2.The immunoreaction was heterogeneously distributed within the tumors. Staining intensity was different between the tumors. No correlation between iNOS and COX-2 expression was seen. There was no relationship with microvessel density.However, iNOS positive tumors developed more often distant metastases and the more malignant tumors showed a higher COX-2 expression. There was no correlation with other clinicopathological data.CONCLUSION: Approximately half of the cases expressed iNOS and COX-2. These two enzymes do not seem to be the key step in angiogenesis or carcinogenesis of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Due to a low prevalence of COX-2 expression, chemoprevention of pancreatic carcinomas by COX-2 inhibitors can only achieve a limited success. | Hans U.Kasper Hella Wolf Uta Drebber Helmut K.Wolf Michael A.Kern | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，13： | 14 |
| 14 | Intensive care management of liver transplanted patients显示文摘Advances in pre-transplant treatment of cirrhosis-related organ dysfunction,intraoperative patient management,and improvements in the treatment of rejection and infections have made human liver transplantation an effective and valuable option for patients with end stage liver disease.However,many important factors,related both to an increasing 'marginality' of the implanted graft and unexpected perioperative complications still make immediate post-operative care challenging and the early outcome unpredictable.In recent years sicker patients with multiple comorbidities and organ dysfunction have been undergoing Liver transplantation;appropriate critical care management is required to support prompt graft recovery and prevent systemic complications.Early post-operative management is highly demanding as significant changes may occur in both the allograft and the 'distant' organs.A functioning transplanted liver is almost always associated with organ system recovery,resulting in a new life for the patient.However,in the unfortunate event of graft dysfunction,the unavoidable development of multi-organ failure will require an enhanced level of critical care support and a prolonged ICU stay.Strict monitoring and sustainment of cardiorespiratory function,frequent assessment of graft performance,timely recognition of unexpected complications and the institution of prophylactic measures to prevent extrahepatic organ system dysfunction are mandatoryin the immediate post-operative period.A reduced rate of complications and satisfactory outcomes have been obtained from multidisciplinary,collaborative efforts,skillful vigilance,and a thorough knowledge of pathophysiologic characteristics of the transplanted liver. | Paolo Feltracco Stefania Barbieri Helmut Galligioni Elisa Michieletto Cristiana Carollo Carlo Ori | 2011 | World Journal of Hepatology2011，3，3： | 13 |
| 15 | 基于粉煤灰基质充填覆土复垦的最佳覆土厚度显示文摘为研究粉煤灰充填复垦地种植农作物的经济产量达到最优时的最佳覆土厚度,选择淮南上窑粉煤灰场复垦地为研究对象,选取不同厚度覆土(A:<40 cm;B:40~55 cm;C:55~70 cm;D:>70 cm)的地块采样监测冬小麦的经济产量、根长密度、土壤含水量、土壤pH、土壤N,P,K营养元素含量等指标。实验结果表明:有利于冬小麦生长并得到最佳产量的适宜覆土厚度为55~70 cm,其土壤pH为8.15,N,P,K含量分别为6.272,26.253,143.76 mg/kg。综合评价结果表明该地块的表土具有较好的营养能力,土壤质量较好。 | 徐良骥 许善文 严家平 MEUSER Helmut MAKOWSKY Lutz WEISS Eltje MAX Bjorn | 2012 | 煤炭学报2012，37，A02： | 13 |
| 16 | 用于电容传感器信号转换的集成电路CAV424显示文摘文中介绍了测量电容式传感器电容的一般方法 ,并针对AMG公司开发的电容式信号转换成电压信号的集成电路CAV4 2 4作了应用性介绍。 | Torg Stecker Helmut Kremer | 2003 | 仪表技术与传感器2003，，1： | 13 |
| 17 | 粉煤灰充填复垦地理化特性与重金属分布特征研究--以淮南洛河电厂粉煤灰复垦地为例显示文摘本文以淮南上窑储灰场中的粉煤灰充填复垦地为研究对象,选择粉煤灰复垦地与灰场周边非复垦区对照地块进行布点采样,在复垦地中分六层[H1(0~20cm)、H2(20~40cm)、H3(40~60cm)、H4(60~80cm)、H5(80~100cm)、H6(100~120cm)]分别采集土壤、粉煤灰样品并进行监测,对照地块按照同样方法采样监测,分析复垦地土壤理化性质和重金属的分布特征。研究结果显示,随着采样深度的增加,复垦地pH值从8.21到8.49呈递增的空间分布特征,各采样层pH值均高于对照地块;随着采样深度的增加,复垦地的含水量呈增加的空间分布特征,对照地块的含水量则是先增加后减少,粉煤灰基质具有良好的保水性能;养分含量在不同层位存在较大差异,粉煤灰复垦地速效氮、速效钾含量从H1至H6层呈现减少后增加的空间分布特征,在H3层处达到最小值16.23mg·kg-1、158.97mg·kg-1,复垦地各层位的速效氮含量均低于对照地块、速效钾含量均高于对照地块;复垦地与对照地块的速效磷含量均呈现先减少后增加再减少的空间分布特征,最大有效磷含量分别为10.01mg·kg-1、11.91mg·kg-1。对比土壤养分分级标准,复垦地土壤中速效氮、速效磷含量均处于缺乏水平,应增施磷肥、氮肥或有机肥以增加土壤养分。粉煤灰复垦地表层土壤和粉煤灰中的Cu、Cr、Pb、Zn、Cd、Ni等元素中Cr、Pb、Zn含量均低于淮南土壤背景值和中国土壤背景值,其中粉煤灰层中各重金属元素均处于土壤环境质量标准的二级范围内,其余各层位重金属元素除Cd均处于土壤环境质量标准的一级范围内;土壤中各重金属元素含量除Zn外均低于粉煤灰中的含量,且粉煤灰层中重金属有向表土迁移的趋势。 | 徐良骥 许善文 杨秀芳 严家平 Helmut Meuser Lutz Makowsky | 2012 | 农业环境科学学报2012，31，12： | 13 |
| 18 | Differential diagnosis in inflammatory bowel disease colitis:State of the art and future perspectives显示文摘Distinction between Crohn's disease of the colonrectum and ulcerative colitis or inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) type unclassified can be of pivotal importance for a tailored clinical management,as each entity often involves specific therapeutic strategies and prognosis.Nonetheless,no gold standard is available and the uncertainty of diagnosis may frequently lead to misclassification or repeated examinations.Hence,we have performed a literature search to address the problem of differential diagnosis in IBD colitis,revised current and emerging diagnostic tools and refined disease classification strategies.Nowadays,the differential diagnosis is an untangled issue,and the proper diagnosis cannot be reached in up to 10% of patients presenting with IBD colitis.This topic is receiving emerging attention,as medical therapies,surgical approaches and leading prognostic outcomes require more and more disease-specific strategies in IBD patients.The optimization of standard diagnostic approaches based on clinical features,biomarkers,radiology,endoscopy and histopathology appears to provide only marginal benefits.Conversely,emerging diagnostic techniques in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy,molecular pathology,genetics,epigenetics,metabolomics and proteomics have already shown promising results.Novel advanced endoscopic imaging techniques and biomarkers can shed new light for the differential diagnosis of IBD,better reflecting diverse disease behaviors based on specific pathogenic pathways. | Gian Eugenio Tontini Maurizio Vecchi Luca Pastorelli Markus F Neurath Helmut Neumann | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，1： | 13 |
| 19 | 胰腺癌细胞起源和演进的新实验证据显示文摘目的大量研究证实导管样复合体就是胰腺癌的前体病变,因此,本研究旨在探索植入致癌剂后胰腺癌前体病变的产生和发展。方法采用手术方法将致癌剂DMBA植入SD大鼠胰腺,从第1天开始,在不同的时间点获取胰腺进行组织学研究,同时,分别以糜蛋白酶和细胞角蛋白作为胰腺腺泡细胞和导管细胞的标记物,通过免疫组化方法进行定位。结果在包埋致癌剂第2天就可以观察到正常胰腺小叶向导管复合体移型的现象,第4天出现典型的导管复合体,同时,胰岛也参与了这一过程。小叶中的非导管细胞迅速转分化为导管细胞的特征。在1个月时观察到导管腺癌的形成。与对照组相比,腺泡-导管转分化过程在DMBA包埋组持续存在。结论胰腺癌前体病变(导管复合体)除了由已经存在于小叶内的导管细胞组成外,主要通过腺泡细胞转分化形成,同时,胰岛细胞在某种程度上也参与了导管复合体的形成。因此,胰腺腺泡细胞、胰岛细胞和导管细胞共同参与了胰腺导管腺癌前体细胞的起源,转分化可以不需要细胞分裂迅速发生,而恶性转化需要较长的时间。 | 郭俊超 赵玉沛 Dale E.Bockman 廖泉 Michael W.Muller Helmut Friess | 2005 | 中华肝胆外科杂志2005，11，5： | 12 |
| 20 | 改造当前国内污水管网需要综合考虑的四个因素显示文摘研究了国内污水管网的现状并参考欧洲的经验和教训,提出外来水入侵、管网里含外来水混合污水的处理量(污水处理厂的处理能力)、城市用水效率和污水收集率是影响污水管网性能和效率的四个因素。以维也纳和苏黎世合流式污水管网系统和维也纳主污水处理厂(VMWWTP)和苏黎世Werdhölzli污水处理厂为例,比较国内和一些欧洲国家在污水管网外来水入侵、含外来水混合污水的处理量、城市用水效率和污水收集率等方面情况,分析了造成国内污水浓度偏低的因素,提出了估算公式。在此基础上,进一步提出污水管网系统质量平衡概念模型,说明上述四个因素对污水COD浓度和溢流排放负荷的影响。建议在对当地污水管网影响因素进行定量评估的基础上,进行多方案技术和经济分析,制定具有成本效益的污水管网系统(和污水处理厂)提质增效和升级改造规划,并谨慎考虑修订污水管网系统(和污水处理厂)设计准则并制定与外来水处理和排放标准相关的政策和法规。 | 曹业始 ABEGGLEN Christian 刘智晓 KROISS Helmut 张悦 彭永臻 | 2021 | 给水排水2021，47，8： | 12 |
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