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| 1 | Mechanisms and molecular approaches for heat tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under climate change scenario显示文摘Rice, a staple cereal crop in many parts of the world, has been confronted with multiple environmental stresses including high temperature, negatively impacts the booting as well as anthesis growth stages. The situation is further complicated by the changing climatic conditions, resulting in gradual escalation of temperature as well as changing the rainfall pattern and frequency, thus raising a concern of food security worldwide. The situation can be combat by developing rice varieties with excellent genetics with improved morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms, together can minimize the adverse effects of heat stress. Here, several strategies(encompassing genetic and genomic, and mechanisms involved) for mitigating the impact of high temperature on rice have been discussed. Finally, the utilization of genomic knowledge in augmenting the conventional breeding approaches have been comprehensively elaborated to develop heat tolerant germplasm. | Syed Adeel Zafar Amjad Hameed Muhammad Amjad Nawaz MA Wei Mehmood All Noor Muzammil Hussain Mehboob-ur-Rahman | 2018 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2018，17，4： | 4 |
| 2 | Evaluation of cotton germplasm for morphological and biochemical host plant UPdates resistance traits against sucking insect pests complex显示文摘Background:Sucking insect pests cause severe damage to cotton crop production.The development of insect resistant cotton cultivars is one of the most effective measures in curtailing the yield losses.Considering the role of morphological and biochemical host plant resista nee(HPR)traits in plant defense,12 cotton genotypes/varieties were evaluated for leaf area,leaf glanding,total soluble sugars,total soluble proteins,total phenolics,tannin and total flavonoids against fluctuating populations of whitefly,thrips and jassid under field conditions.Results:The population of these insects fluctuated during the growing seas on and remained above threshold level(whitefly>5,thrips>(8-10)f or jassid>1 per leaf)during late June and early July.Strong and negative association of whitefly(r=-0.825)and jassid(r=-0.929)with seed cotton yield was observed.Mean population of insects were the highest in Glandless-1 followed by NIA-82 and NIA-M30.NIAB-Kiran followed by NI AB-878 and Sadori were the most resistant,with the mean population of 1.41,1.60,1.66(whitefly);2.24,232,2.53(thrips)and 037,0.31,036(jassid),respectively.The resistant variety NIAB-Kiran showed less soluble sugars(8.54 mg.g^(-1)),soluble proteins(27.11 mg.g^(-1))and more phenolic(36.56 mg.g^(-1))and flavonoids(13.10mg.g^(-1))as compared with the susceptible check Glandless-1.Moreover,all insect populations were positively correlated with total soluble sugars and proteins.Whitefly populations exhibited negative response to leaf gossypol glands,total phenolics,tannins and flavonoids.The thrips and jassid populations had a significant and negative correlation with these four biochemical HPR traits.Conclusion:The ide ntified resistant resources and HPR traits can be deployed against sucking in sect pests'complex in future breeding programs of developing insect resistant cotton varieties. | RIZWAN Muhammad ABRO Saifullah ASIF Muhammad Usman HAMEED Amjad MAH BOOB Wajid DEHO Zaheer Ahmed SIAL Mahboob Ali | 2021 | Journal of Cotton Research2021，4，3： | 0 |
| 3 | Evaluation of Tomato Hybrids for Resistance against Tomato Mosaic Virus(ToMV)显示文摘Tomato mosaic virus(ToMV)drastically affects the tomato production worldwide.To deal with this problem,breeding of ToMV-resistant hybrids/varieties is the ultimate need and most successful approach.In wild tomato species,three dominant ToMV-resistant genes(Tm-1,Tm-2 and Tm-2^(2))were identified and the World Vegetable Center developed few fresh market tomato lines resistant to ToMV by the introgression of these genes.Recently at Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology,Faisalabad,Pakistan a breeding programme was initiated to develop high yielding and ToMV tolerant hybrids using these lines.Current study was performed to screen elite F1 hybrids carrying Tm gene along with their parents against ToMV using mechanical inoculation,confirmation of the virus using DAS-ELISA and marker assisted selection of hybrids.Out of 28 hybrids and 17 parent accessions/genotypes,eight hybrids and five accessions were found to be highly resistant and the virus was not detected in DAS-ELISA.Five hybrids were resistant,nine hybrids and four genotypes were tolerant,while the remaining six hybrids and eight genotypes were susceptible.For the confirmation of Tm-2^(2) gene,the tomato hybrids and their parents were subjected to molecular analysis using cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence(CAPS)primers.The result of CAPS markers for the confirmation of Tm-2^(2) gene was found consistent with phenotypic data of the inoculated tomato genotypes/hybrids.Higher phenolic content,total soluble proteins,better CAT and SOD activities were positively correlated with resistance.Screening results based on phenotype,biochemical and molecular marker data indicate that hybrids carrying Tm-2^(2) gene are good sources of resistance against ToMV. | Sahar Nadeem Najeeb Ullah Khalid Pervaiz Akhtar Amjad Hameed Muhammad Yussouf Saleem | 2022 | Journal of Botanical Research2022，4，2： | 0 |
| 4 | A Template Matching Based Feature Extraction for Activity Recognition显示文摘Human activity recognition(HAR)can play a vital role in the monitoring of human activities,particularly for healthcare conscious individuals.The accuracy of HAR systems is completely reliant on the extraction of prominent features.Existing methods find it very challenging to extract optimal features due to the dynamic nature of activities,thereby reducing recognition performance.In this paper,we propose a robust feature extraction method for HAR systems based on template matching.Essentially,in this method,we want to associate a template of an activity frame or sub-frame comprising the corresponding silhouette.In this regard,the template is placed on the frame pixels to calculate the equivalent number of pixels in the template correspondent those in the frame.This process is replicated for the whole frame,and the pixel is directed to the optimum match.The best count is estimated to be the pixel where the silhouette(provided via the template)presented inside the frame.In this way,the feature vector is generated.After feature vector generation,the hiddenMarkovmodel(HMM)has been utilized to label the incoming activity.We utilized different publicly available standard datasets for experiments.The proposed method achieved the best accuracy against existing state-of-the-art systems. | Muhammad Hameed Siddiqi Helal Alshammari Amjad Ali Madallah Alruwaili Yousef Alhwaiti Saad Alanazi M.M.Kamruzzaman | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，7： | 0 |
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