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| 1 | Copula-based identification of the non-stationarity of the relation between runoff and sediment load显示文摘It is important to identify the non-stationarity in the relation between runoff and sediment load under the backdrop of the changing environment.This relation helps to further understand the mechanisms of runoff and sediment yield.A copula-based method was used to detect possible change points in the relation between runoff and sediment load in the Wei River Basin(WRB),China,where soil erosion is a very severe issue.The modified Mann-Kendall trend test method was applied to obtain the trends of runoff and sediment load spanning 1960-2010 at monthly and annual timescales.Finally,the causes of the identified non-stationarity of the relation between runoff and sediment load were roughly analyzed from the perspective of climate change and human activities.Results indicated that:(1)the runoff and sediment load in the Jinghe and Wei rivers were generally characterized by noticeably decreasing trends at both monthly and annual timescales;(2)both the Jinghe and Wei rivers had a common change point(2002),implying that the stationarity of the relation between runoff and sediment load in the Jinghe and Wei River was invalid;(3)human activities including increasing water consumption and growing application of soil conservation practices are dominant factors resulting in non-stationarity in the relation between runoff and sediment load in the WRB.This study provides a new idea for identifying the non-stationarity of multivariate relation in the hydro-meteorological field under the background of the changing environment. | Shengzhi Huang Pei Li Qiang Huang Guoyong Leng | 2017 | International Journal of Sediment Research2017，32，2： | 5 |
| 2 | Projected changes in mean and interannual variability of surface water over continental China显示文摘Five General Circulation Model(GCM) climate projections under the RCP8.5 emission scenario were used to drive the Variable Infiltration Capacity(VIC) hydrologic model to investigate the impacts of climate change on hydrologic cycle over continental China in the 21 st century. The bias-corrected climatic variables were generated for the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC AR5) by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project(ISIMIP). Results showed much larger fractional changes of annual mean Evapotranspiration(ET) per unit warming than the corresponding fractional changes of Precipitation(P) per unit warming across the country, especially for South China, which led to a notable decrease of surface water variability(P-E). Specifically, negative trends for annual mean runoff up to -0.33%/ year and soil moisture trends varying between -0.02% to -0.13%/year were found for most river basins across China. Coincidentally, interannual variability for both runoff and soil moisture exhibited significant positive trends for almost all river basins across China, implying an increase in extremes relative to the mean conditions. Noticeably, the largest positive trends for runoff variability and soil moisture variability, which were up to 0.41%/year and 0.90%/year, both occurred in Southwest China. In addition to the regional contrast, intra-seasonal variation was also large for the runoff mean and runoff variability changes, but small for the soil moisture mean and variability changes. Our results suggest that future climate change could further exacerbate existing water-related risks(e.g., floods and droughts) across China as indicated by the marked decrease of surface water amounts combined with a steady increase of interannual variability throughout the 21 st century. This study highlights the regional contrast and intra-seasonal variations for the projected hydrologic changes and could provide a multi-scale guidance for assessing effective adaptation strategies for China on a river basin, regional, or as a whole. | LENG GuoYong TANG QiuHong HUANG MaoYi HONG Yang Leung L RUBY | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，5： | 4 |
| 3 | Estimating Costs of the HIV Comprehensive Intervention Using the Spectrum Model--China,2015-2019显示文摘Introduction:In order to facilitate human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)treatment and prevention,the resource needs for HIV national strategic planning in developing regions were estimated based on Spectrum,the universal HIV costeffectiveness analysis software.Methods:Based on the theoretical framework of Spectrum,the study developed a cost measurement tool for HIV,and calculated the cost of HIV prevention and control in 6 sampled cities in China during 2015–2019 using the Spectrum model.Results:From 2015 to 2019,the average annual costs for HIV prevention and control for Shijiazhuang,Yantai,Ningbo,Zhenjiang,Foshan,and Wuxi cities were 46.78,47.55,137.49,24.73,74.37,and 58.30 million Chinese yuan(CNY),respectively.The per capita costs were 4.37,6.73,17.33,7.77,17.56,and 8.91 CNY,respectively.In terms of the cost structure,the ratio of preventive intervention funds to therapeutic intervention funds(antiviral treatment)varied in sampled cities.Discussion:Developing comprehensive and systematic HIV fund calculation methods can provide a research basis for rational resource allocation in the field of HIV. | Youran Zhang Lili Wang Zhen Jiang Hongjing Yan Xiaoxia Liu Jing Gu Guoyong Wang Xiaosong Cheng Qiyan Leng Qisui Long Zimian Liang Jing Wang Liang Liang Yanchao Qiu Lin Chen Hang Hong | 2022 | China CDC weekly2022，4，25： | 0 |
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