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| 1 | Strategy to differentiate autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreas cancer显示文摘Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a newly described entity of pancreatitis in which the pathogenesis appears to involve autoimmune mechanisms. Based on histological and immunohistochemical examinations of various organs of AIP patients, AIP appears to be a pancreatic lesion reflecting a systemic 'IgG4-related sclerosing disease'. Clinically, AIP patients and patients with pancreatic cancer share many features, such as preponderance of elderly males, frequent initial symptom of painless jaundice, development of new-onset diabetes mellitus, and elevated levels of serum tumor markers. It is of uppermost importance not to misdiagnose AIP as pancreatic cancer. Since there is currently no diagnostic serological marker for AIP, and approach to the pancreas for histological examination is generally difficult, AIP is diagnosed using a combination of clinical, serological, morphological, and histopathological features. Findings suggesting AIP rather than pancreatic cancer include:fluctuating obstructive jaundice; elevated serum IgG4 levels; diffuse enlargement of the pancreas; delayed en- hancement of the enlarged pancreas and presence of a capsule-like rim on dynamic computed tomography; low apparent diffusion coefficient values on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance image; irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; less upstream dilatation of the main pancreatic duct on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, presence of other organ involvement such as bilateral salivary gland swelling, retroperitoneal fibrosis and hilar or intrahepatic sclerosing cholangitis; negative work-up for malignancy including endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration; and steroid responsiveness. Since AIP responds dramatically to steroid therapy, accurate diagnosis of AIP can avoid unnecessary laparotomy or pancreatic resection. | Kensuke Takuma Terumi Kamisawa Rajesh Gopalakrishna Seiichi Hara Taku Tabata Yoshihiko Inaba Naoto Egawa Yoshinori Igarashi | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，10： | 20 |
| 2 | Radiation-induced sarcomas of the head and neck显示文摘With improved outcomes associated with radiotherapy, radiation-induced sarcomas(RIS) are increasingly seen in long-term survivors of head and neck cancers, with an estimated risk of up to 0.3%. They exhibit no subsite predilection within the head and neck and can arise in any irradiated tissue of mesenchymal origin. Common histologic subtypes of RIS parallel their de novo counterparts and include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma/sarcoma nitricoxide synthase, and fibrosarcoma. While imaging features of RIS are not pathognomonic, large size, extensive local invasion with bony destruction, marked enhancement within a prior radiotherapy field, and an appropriate latency period are suggestive of a diagnosis of RIS. RIS development may be influenced by factors such as radiation dose, age at initial exposure, exposure to chemotherapeutic agents and genetic tendency. Precise pathogenetic mechanisms of RIS are poorly understood and both directly mutagenizing effects of radiotherapy as well as changes in microenvironments are thought to play a role. Management of RIS is challenging, entailing surgery in irradiated tissue and a limited scope for further radiotherapy and chemotherapy. RIS is associated with significantly poorer outcomes than stagematched sarcomas that arise independent of irradiationand surgical resection with clear margins seems to offer the best chance for cure. | Anuradha Thiagarajan N Gopalakrishna Iyer | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 5 |
| 3 | Automation of immunohistochemical evaluation in breast cancer using image analysis显示文摘AIM:To automate breast cancer diagnosis and to study the inter-observer and intra-observer variations in the manual evaluations.METHODS:Breast tissue specimens from sixty cases were stained separately for estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR)and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER-2/neu).All cases were assessed by manual grading as well as image analysis.The manual grading was performed by an experienced expert pathologist.To study inter-observer and intra-observer variations,we obtained readings from another pathologist as the second observer from a different laboratory who has a little less experience than the first observer.We also took a second reading from the second observer to study intra-observer variations.Image analysis was carried out using in-house developed software(TissueQuant).A comparison of the results from image analysis and manual scoring of ER,PR and HER-2/neu was also carried out.RESULTS:The performance of the automated analysis in the case of ER,PR and HER-2/neu expressions was compared with the manual evaluations.The performance of the automated system was found to correlate well with the manual evaluations.The inter-observer variations were measured using Spearman correlation coefficient r and 95%confidence interval.In the case of ER expression,Spearman correlation r=0.53,in the case of PR expression,r=0.63,and in the case of HER-2/neu expression,r=0.68.Similarly,intra-observer variations were also measured.In the case of ER,PR and HER-2/neu expressions,r=0.46,0.66 and 0.70,respectively.CONCLUSION:The automation of breast cancer diagnosis from immunohistochemically stained specimens is very useful for providing objective and repeatable evaluations. | Keerthana Prasad Avani Tiwari Sandhya Ilanthodi Gopalakrishna Prabhu Muktha Pai | 2011 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2011，2，4： | 3 |
| 4 | Counteraction of Nogo-A and axonal growth inhibitors by green tea polyphenols and other natural products显示文摘Neuronal injuries such as stroke,traumatic brain injury,and spinal cord injury are leading causes of major disability and death.Chronic therapy for these neuronal injuries requires the promotion of axonal regeneration from the remaining neurons(Schwab and Strittmatter,2014).However,the local environment in the central nervous | Tiffany K.Fan Usha Gundimeda William J.Mack Rayudu Gopalakrishna | 2016 | Neural Regeneration Research2016，11，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Development and characterization of genic SSR markers for mungbean ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)显示文摘 | S. K. Gupta R. Bansal T. Gopalakrishna | 2014 | Euphytica2014，，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Hard grove grind ability index prediction using support vector regression显示文摘 | Venkoba R B Gopalakrishna S J | | 0，，12： | 1 |
| 7 | Improvement of tensile strength of butt welded joints prepared by vibrator welding process显示文摘 | GOVINDARAO P SRINIVASARAO P GOPALAKRISHNA A | 2013 | International Journal of Mechanical Engineering andTechnology2013，4，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Mature relation- ships: why does relational orientation turn into transaction orientation显示文摘 | GOPALAKRISHNA P K SHARMA A | 2003 | Industrial Marketing Management2003，32，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Surface layer temperature inversion in the Bay of Bengal显示文摘 | Thadathil P Gopalakrishna V V Muraleedharan P M | 2002 | Deep-Sea Research Part Ⅰ2002，49，10： | 1 |
| 10 | Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems in liver of rats in chronic fluoride toxicity显示文摘 | Gopalakrishna Shivashankara | 2002 | Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology2002，68，： | 1 |
| 11 | Protein kinase C signaling and oxidative stress 显示文摘 | Gopalakrishna R Jaken S | 2000 | Free Radic Biol Med2000，28，9： | 1 |
| 12 | Tobacco smoke tumor promoters,catechol and hydroquinone,induce oxidative regulation of protein kinase C and influence invasion and metastasis of lung carcinoma cells显示文摘 | Gopalakrishna R Chen ZH Gundimeda U | 1994 | Proc Natl Acad Sci(USA)1994，91，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Critical factors for successful ERP implementation: Exploratoryfindings from four case studies 显示文摘 | Jaideep Motwani Ram Subramanian Pradeep Gopalakrishna | 2005 | Computers in Industry2005，6，56： | 1 |
| 14 | An Experi- mental Study of Flash Evaporation from Liquid Pools 显示文摘 | Gopalakrishna S Purushothaman V Lior N | 1987 | Desalination1987，65，11： | 1 |
| 15 | The effect of tranilast on the experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy显示文摘 | Ito S Sakamoto T Tahara Y Spee C Gopalakrishna R Gundimeda U | 1999 | Graefe Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol1999，237，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Generalizing about Trade Show Effeccfiveness: A Cross - National Comparison显示文摘 | Dekimpe M G Francois P Gopalakrishna S Lilien G L and den Bulte C V | 1997 | Journal of Marketing1997，61，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Analysis of failures in boiler tubes due to fireside corrosion in a waste heat recovery boiler显示文摘 | SRIKANTH S RAVIKUMAR B GOPALAKRISHNA K | 2003 | Eng Fail Anal2003，10，： | 1 |
| 18 | Comparison of SERVQUAL and SERVPERF metrics: an empirical study显示文摘 | Lewlyn Rodrigues Gopalakrishna Barkur K Varambally | 2011 | The TQM Journal2011，23，6： | 1 |
| 19 | An experimental study of flash evaporation fi'om liquid pools 显示文摘 | Gopalakrishna S Purushothaman V M Lior N | 1987 | Desalination1987，65，： | 1 |
| 20 | Idealized hysteresis of electrorheological and magnetorheological dampers 显示文摘 | Norman M W Li P Gopalakrishna M K | 1998 | Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures1998，9，64： | 1 |
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