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| 1 | High TNF-alpha and IL-8 levels predict low blood dendritic cell counts in primary cytomegalovirus infection显示文摘 | Stefania Varani Giada Rossini Antonio Mastroianni Charlotte Tammik Giada Frascaroli Maria Paola Landini Gastone Castellani Cecilia S?derberg-Nauclér | 2012 | Journal of Clinical Virology2012，，4： | 1 |
| 2 | Innate host responses to West Nile virus: Implications for central nervous system immunopathology显示文摘West Nile virus(WNV) is an emerging neurotropic flavivirus that has recently spread to America and Southern Europe via an enzootic/epizootic bird-mosquito-bird transmission cycle. The virus can occasionally infect humans through mosquito bites, and man-to-man transmission has also been reported via infected blood or organ donation. In the human host, WNV causes asymptomatic infection in about 70%-80% of cases, while < 1% of clinical cases progress to severe neuroinvasive disease; long-term neurological sequelae are common in more than 50% of these severe cases. Thepathogenesis of the neuroinvasive form of WNV infection remains incompletely understood, and risk factors for developing severe clinical illness are largely unknown. The innate immune response plays a major role in the control of WNV replication, which is supported by the fact that the virus has developed numerous mechanisms to escape the control of antiviral interferons. However, exaggerated inflammatory responses lead to pathology, mainly involving the central nervous system. This brief review presents the salient features of innate host responses, WNV immunoevasion strategies, and WNV-induced immunopathology. | Giada Rossini Maria Paola Landini Francesco Gelsomino Vittorio Sambri Stefania Varani | 2013 | World Journal of Virology2013，2，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Dengue and falciparum malaria co-infection in travelers returning from Burkina Faso:Report of two cases in Northeastern Italy显示文摘Rationale: Malaria and dengue are the most prevalent vector-borne diseases in tropical countries. Plasmodium parasite and dengue virus(DENV) concurrent infection is possible and often under-recognized in geographical areas where these infections are both endemic.Patients concern and diagnosis: We describe the first two cases of Plasmodium falciparum and DENV-3 co-infection in travelers returning to northeastern Italy from Burkina Faso during 2013-2014.Interventions: Malaria infection in both patients was treated with mefloquine. Due to the persistence of symptoms despite of the antimalaria treatment, dengue was also investigated;the treatment of dengue was symptomatic.Outcomes: The patients were discharged in good general condition.Lessons: The need for surveillance of potential malaria and dengue co-infection in travelers returning to Europe from endemic areas is highlighted, as infection with Plasmodium does not exclude arboviral co-infection. | Antonio Mastroianni Caterina Vocale Vittorio Sambri Tiziana Lazzarotto Paolo Gaibani Giada Rossini Stefania Varani | 2023 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2023，16，3： | 0 |
| 4 | Virological and histological evaluation of intestinal samples in COVID-19 patients显示文摘BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)is the pathogen responsible for pandemic coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).It is a highly contagious virus which primarily affects the respiratory tract,nevertheless,the lungs are not the only target organs of the virus.The intestinal tract could represent an additional tropism site for SARS-CoV-2.Several observations have collectively suggested that enteric infections can occur in COVID-19 patients.However,the detection of viral RNA in gastrointestinal(GI)tissue samples has not been adequately investigated and results are conflicting.AIM To detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in intestinal mucosa samples and to evaluate histological features.METHODS The COVID-19 patients hospitalized at an Italian tertiary hospital from April 2020 to March 2021 were evaluated for enrollment in an observational,monocentric trial.The study population was composed of two groups of adult patients.In the first group(biopsy group,30 patients),patients were eligible for inclusion if they had mild to moderate disease and if they agreed to have a rectal biopsy;in the second group(surgical specimen group,6 patients),patients were eligible for inclusion if they underwent intestinal resection during index hospitalization.Fifty-nine intestinal mucosal samples were analyzed.RESULTS Viral RNA was not detectable in any of the rectal biopsies performed(0/53).Histological examination showed no enterocyte damage,but slight edema of the lamina propria with mild inflammatory lymphoplasmacytic infiltration.There was no difference in inflammatory infiltrates in patients with and without GI symptoms.SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in fecal samples in 6 cases out of 14 cases examined(42.9%).In the surgical specimen group,all patients underwent emergency intestinal resection.Viral RNA was detected in 2 surgical specimens of the 6 examined,both of which were from patients with active neoplastic disease.Histological examination also pointed out abundant macrophages,granulocytes and plasma cells infiltrating the muscular layer and adipose tissue,and focal vasculitis.CONCLUSION Mild-moderate COVID-19 may not be associated with rectal infection by the virus.More comprehensive autopsies or surgical specimens are needed to provide histological evidence of intestinal infection. | Dajana Cuicchi Liliana Gabrielli Maria Lucia Tardio Giada Rossini Antonietta D’Errico Pierluigi Viale Tiziana Lazzarotto Gilberto Poggioli | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，44： | 0 |
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