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| 1 | Review of renal cell carcinoma and its common subtypes in radiology显示文摘Representing 2%-3% of adult cancers, renal cell carcinoma(RCC) accounts for 90% of renal malignancies and is the most lethal neoplasm of the urologic system. Over the last 65 years, the incidence of RCC has increased at a rate of 2% per year. The increased incidence is at least partly due to improved tumor detection secondary to greater availability of high-resolution cross-sectional imaging modalities over the last few decades. Most RCCs are asymptomatic at discovery and are detected as unexpected findings on imaging performed for unrelated clinical indications. The 2004 World Health Organization Classification of adult renal tumors stratifies RCC into several distinct histologic subtypes of which clear cell, papillary and chromophobe tumors account for 70%, 10%-15%, and 5%, respectively. Knowledge of the RCC subtype is important because the various subtypes are associated with different biologic behavior, prognosis and treatment options. Furthermore, the common RCC subtypes can often be discriminated non-invasively based on gross morphologic imaging appearances, signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images, and the degree of tumor enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging examinations. In this article, we review the incidence and survival data, risk factors, clinical and biochemical findings, imaging findings, staging, differential diagnosis, management options and posttreatment follow-up of RCC, with attention focused on the common subtypes. | Gavin Low Guan Huang Winnie Fu Zaahir Moloo Safwat Girgis | 2016 | World Journal of Radiology2016，8，5： | 20 |
| 2 | Production of vascular endothelial growth factor by human tumors inhibits the functional maturation of dendritic cells显示文摘 | Gabrilovich DI Chen HL Girgis KR | 1996 | Nature Med1996，2，10： | 1 |
| 3 | A survey of Web Information Extraction Systems显示文摘 | Chang CH Kayed M Girgis MR | 2006 | IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering2006，18，10： | 1 |
| 4 | Regression of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by simvastatin显示文摘 | Girgis RE Mozammel S Champion HC | 2007 | Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol2007，292，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Using mixed anhydrides from amino acids and isobutyl chloroformate in N-aeylations: a case study on the elucidation of mechanism of urethane formation and starting amino acid liberation using carbon dioxide as the probe 显示文摘 | Chaudhary A Girgis M Prashad M | 2003 | Tetra Lett2003，44，29： | 1 |
| 6 | Hybird wavelet - Kalman fil- ter method for forecasting显示文摘 | Tong X Girgis A Makram E | 2000 | Electric Power Systems Research2000，54，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Analysis of high- impedance fault generated signals using a Kalman filtering approach显示文摘 | GIRGIS A A CHANG W MAKRAM E B | 1990 | IEEE Trans on Power Delivery1990，5，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Attenuation of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by simvnstatin 显示文摘 | GIRGIS R E LI D ZHAN X | 2003 | Am j Physiol Heart Cire Physiol2003，285，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Automated fault location and diagnosis on electric power distribution feeders显示文摘 | ZHU J LUBKEMAN D L GIRGIS A A | 1997 | IEEE Trans on Power Delivery1997，12，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Measurement and prediction of voltage flicker magnitude and frequency显示文摘 | Girgis A A Stephens J W Makram E B | 1995 | IEEE Trans on Power Delivery1995，10，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Development of adaptive protection sche- me for distribution systems with high penetration of distributed ge- neration显示文摘 | Brahma S M Girgis A A | 2004 | IEEE Trans on Power Delivery2004，19，1： | 1 |
| 12 | A new FFT-based digital frequency relay for load shedding显示文摘 | GIRGIS A A HAM F M | 1982 | IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems1982，101，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Vildagliptin-induced acute pancreatitis显示文摘 | Girgis CM Champion BL | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 14 | Calculation techniques and results of effects of GIC currents as applied to two large power transformers 显示文摘 | GIRGIS R S KO C D | 1992 | IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery1992，7，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Development of Adaptive Scheme for Distribution System with High Penetration of Distributed Generation显示文摘 | Brahma S M Girgis A A | 2004 | IEEE Trans on Power Delivery2004，19，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Attenuation of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by simvastatin显示文摘 | Girgis RE Li D Zhan X | 2003 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol2003，285，： | 1 |
| 17 | Production of vascular endothelial growth factor by human tumors inhibits the function of dendrites cells显示文摘 | Garlovich DJ Chen HL Girgis KR | 1996 | Nat Med1996，2，10： | 1 |
| 18 | 显示文摘 | Boeve H Girgis E Schelten J | 2000 | Appl Phys Lett2000，76，8： | 1 |
| 19 | The single sheet tester-Its acceptance, reproducibility, and application issues on grain-oriented steel显示文摘 | GIRGIS R GRAMM K SIEVERT J | 1998 | J de Physique1998，8，： | 1 |
| 20 | Method for Accurate Determination Resonant Frequencies and Vibration Behavior of Stators of Electrical Machines 显示文摘 | R S Girgis S P Verma | 1981 | IEE Proceedings Electric Power Applications1981，，1： | 1 |
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