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| 1 | Design of a new dynamical core for global atmospheric models based on some efficient numerical methods显示文摘A careful study on the integral properties of the primitive hydrostatic balance equations for baroclinic atmosphere is carried out, and a new scheme todesign the global adiabatic model of atmospheric dynamics ispresented. This scheme includes a method of weighted equal-areamesh and a fully discrete finite difference method with quadraticand linear conservations for solving the primitive equationsystem. Using this scheme, we established a new dynamical corewith adjustable high resolution acceptable to the availablecomputer capability, which can be very stable without anyfiltering and smoothing. Especially, some important integralproperties are kept unchanged, such as the anti-symmetries of thehorizontal advection operators and the vertical convectionoperator, the mass conservation, the effective energy conservationunder the standard stratification approximation, and so on. Somenumerical tests on the new dynamical core, respectively regardingits global conservations and its integrated performances inclimatic modeling, incorporated with the physical packagesfrom the Community Atmospheric Model Version 2 (CAM2) of NationalCenter for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), are included. | WANG Bin, WAN Hui, Jl Zhongzhen, ZHANG Xin, YU Rucong, YU Yongqiang & LIU HongtaoState Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Department of Computational Mathematics, Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China | 2004 | Science China Mathematics2004，47，z1： | 92 |
| 2 | SHEsis,a powerful software platform for analyses of linkage disequilibrium,haplotype construction,and genetic association at polymorphism loci显示文摘In multiloci-based genetic association studies of complex diseases, a powerful and high efficient tool for analyses oflinkage disequilibrium (LD) between markers, haplotype distributions and many chi-square/p values with a large numberof samples has been sought for long. In order to achieve the goal of obtaining meaningful results directly from raw data,we developed a robust and user-friendly software platform with a series of tools for analysis in association study withhigh efficiency. The platform has been well evaluated by several sets of real data. | Yong Yong SHI1,2, Lin HE2,3,*1Bio-X Life Science Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China 2Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai,China 3NHGG, Bio-X Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China | 2005 | Cell Research2005，15，2： | 375 |
| 3 | 中国5岁以下儿童死亡抽样调查显示文摘中国5岁以下儿童死亡抽样调查结果表明:1991年全国新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率分别为33.07‰、50.19‰、61.03‰;城市分别为12.52‰、17.31‰、20.86‰;农村分别为37.90‰、58.02‰、71.08‰。农村占全国5岁以下儿童死亡的93.30%。婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的80.20%,新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的64.80%。提示5岁以下儿童死亡的前四位分类死因为新生儿疾病、呼吸系统疾病、意外事故及先天畸形;前四位疾病是肺炎、新生儿窒息、早产、腹泻。 | (The Nuitonul CollaborativeGroup for Survey of Dealhs of Under 5 ChJ7dren, Beijing100020.) | 1994 | 中华儿科杂志1994，32，3： | 111 |
| 4 | 全国孕产妇死亡监测结果分析显示文摘对1989~1991年全国30省、自治区、直辖市247个监测点1.0亿人口范围内的孕产妇死亡监测资料进行分析。监测地区三年内活产总数4201457例,孕产妇死亡3274例,孕产妇监测死亡率平均为80.0/10万,调整后为87.8/10万。城市、农村、不同地区孕产妇死亡率的高低有明显差异,三年比较,城市、农村孕产妇死亡率呈下降趋势,农村更为明显。孕产妇死亡原因主要为产科出血、好高征、心脏病、产褥感染、羊水栓塞、肝病,产科出血主要原因为胎盘滞留、宫缩乏力。结果显示:可避免的死亡占89.0%,不可避免的死亡占11.0%。并对孕产妇死亡的有关问题进行讨论。 | .Zhang Ling-mei DingHui.(BeiJing Municipal Institute for Women HealthCare , 100006.) | 1994 | 中华妇产科杂志1994，29，9： | 199 |
| 5 | 第二次中国临床血脂控制达标率及影响因素多中心协作研究显示文摘目的了解我国临床血脂控制的最新现状,指导临床血脂异常防治实践。方法在全国21家省部级医院和6家地县级医院中,查阅2004年1月1日至2006年2月28日间开始服调脂药物,且同一药物同一剂量维持≥2个月的2237名患者病例资料,依据美国2004年国家胆固醇教育计划(NCEP)成人治疗组第三次报告(ATPBⅢ)及《中国成人血脂异常防治指南》标准计算血脂控制达标率。结果 (1)在符合任一血脂防治建议/指南的药物起始治疗标准的2094例患者中,80%来自省部级医院,60%为60岁以上,57%有胆固醇升高,15%无血脂异常,68%合并冠心病等动脉粥样硬化性疾病,75%合并高血压,80%为高危和极高危患者,84%使用他汀类药物,83%采取了不同程度的饮食治疗。(2)依据美国2004年 NCEP ATPⅢ最新报告,总达标率为34%,低危组、中危组、中高危组、高危组和极高危组达标率分别为85%、78%、61%、3 1%和22%,差异有统计学意义(趋势性检验 P<0.001);依据我国新的《成人血脂异常防治指南》,总达标率为50%,低危组、中危组、高危组和极高危组达标率分别为91%、77%、49%和38%,组间差异及趋势性检验均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。(3)联合用药者达标率为51%,单用他汀类35%,贝特类23%,烟酸类24%,其他类28%,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。(4)对1808例服用他汀类药物患者的多元 logistic 回归分析表明,他汀类药物剂量(高剂量比低剂量,OR=1.72,95%CI:1.15~2.58)、危险分层(极高危比低危,OR=0.02,95%CI:0.01~0.03)、基线 LDL-C[每升高0.259 mmol/L(10 mg/dl),OR=0.83,95%CI:0.80~0.86]和性别(女性比男性,OR=0.77,95%CI:0.60~0.99)等是影响达标率的主要因素。结论我国目前调脂药物的应用对象发生了很大变化,调脂治疗的目的已不单纯是为了降低胆固醇。临床血脂控制状况与各防治指南要求相距仍甚远,特别是高危和极高危患者。要进一步改善我国临床血脂控制状况,药物种类、药物剂量、联合治疗和治疗性生活方式改变等多方面均需要进一步提高。 | The Collaborative Research Group for the Second Multi-center Survey of Clinical Management of Dyslipidemia in China | 2007 | 中华心血管病杂志2007，35，5： | 127 |
| 6 | 尿激酶治疗急性心肌梗塞多中心临床试验1406例总结显示文摘为观察尿激酶天普洛欣(UKTP)经静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗塞(AMI)的临床有效性及安全性。收集协作组148家医院1994年11月至1996年4月经静脉UKTP溶栓治疗AMI患者1406例,观察临床疗效、副作用及病死率等。其中124例行90分钟冠状动脉造影评价梗塞血管开通情况。结果:梗塞血管临床再灌注率为73.5%,90分钟冠状动脉造影血管开通率为72.6%,5周总病死率为7.8%(109/1406),轻度出血10.2%(143/1406),中重度出血0.43%(6/1406),脑出血0.50%(7/1406)。老年(>65岁)甚至高龄(>75岁)患者溶栓及距发病超过6小时者,其用药仍然安全有效,UKTP合适的用药剂量可能为150万U左右。结果提示UKTP治疗AMI安全有效。 | The collaborative study group for national multicenter clinical trial of urokinase thrombolytic therapy (Correspondence: Hu Dayi, Xu Zhimin. Beijing Red Cross Chao Yao Hospital, Beijing 100020) | 1997 | 中华心血管病杂志1997，25，3： | 139 |
| 7 | 我国面临快速增长的终末期肾病治疗负担显示文摘目的报告2008年我国终末期肾脏病维持性透析患病率和发病率,并估计未来维持性透析的趋势。方法中国医院协会血液净化中心管理分会制定调查表,以透析登记软件及纸质版形式下发至各省、自治区和直辖市的血液净化中心管理分会/血液净化质量控制中心,收集各透析室的数据,包括2007年底和2008年底患者数量,以及2008年新进入透析的患者数量;患者的性别和年龄构成;导致终末期肾脏病(ESRD)的原因以及所有死亡患者的原因。分析2007和2008年底ESRD的点患病率、2008年ESRD发病率、ESRD病因以及死亡原因构成。结果全国31个省、自治区和直辖市中,27个应答。2007年底,共报告65074例ESRD患者,点患病率为每百万人口51.7;2008年底患者数增至102863例,点患病率为每百万人口79.1,患病率增长52.9%。2008年ESRD新患者数为45423例,发病率每百万人口36.1。ESRD的病因依次为肾小球肾炎(45%)、糖尿病(19%)、高血压(13%)、多囊肾病(2%)和其他或未知(20%)。ESRD主要死亡原因是心血管疾病(31%)、中风(20.3%)、感染(19.9%)和其他(28.8%)。结论虽然我国ESRD的患病率显著低于其他亚洲国家和地区,但发病率极高,未来几年患病率也将快速增加,从而增加我国ESRD的治疗负担。 | Li Zuo M.D.1 and Mei Wang M.D.2 for Chinese Society of Blood Purification Institute of Nephrology,Peking University First 1 Hospital Institute of Nephrology,Peking University People’s Hospital 2 | 2010 | 中国血液净化2010，，1： | 145 |
| 8 | 急性病毒性心肌炎的药物治疗观察显示文摘目的 全国十二家大型医院协作观察中西医结合治疗急性病毒性心肌炎疗效。方法 对 10 2 8例临床诊断为急性病毒性心肌炎患者随机各分两组 ,治疗组 60 2例 ,用中西医结合 (黄芪、牛磺酸、泛葵利酮、抗心律失常药等)治疗 ;对照组 4 2 6例 ,用常规 (极化液、抗心律失常药等 )治疗。结果 中西医结合治疗组临床症状改善、外周血肠道病毒阴转、心电图ST T改变及房室传导阻滞、阵发性心房颤动、窦房传导阻滞等恢复均优于对照组(P <0 .0 1、0 .0 5 ) ;对早搏及心功能改善两组间无统计学差异(P <0 .0 5 )。结论 在目前对急性病毒性心肌炎无特效药物治疗的情况下 ,采用中西医结合治疗可作为一种治疗手段。 | Collaborative Group of “Key National Medical Projects for the Ninth Five Year Plan Research” (Correspondence: YANG Yingzhen, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital,Shanghai Medical University,Shanghai 200032) | 1999 | 中华心血管病杂志1999，27，6： | 94 |
| 9 | 中华医学会感染与抗微生物治疗策略高峰论坛:甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌感染的治疗策略——专家共识显示文摘中华医学会感染与抗微生物治疗高峰论坛:甲氧西林耐药金葡菌感染的治疗策略于2011年4月17日在长沙举行。60余位来自感染科、呼吸科、血液科、重症医学、皮肤科、普外科、烧伤科、肾病科、儿科等临床学科及医学检验科的资深专家就甲氧西林耐药金葡菌感染的病原诊断和治疗的相关问题进行了广泛深入讨论,拟定了“甲氧西林耐药金葡菌感染的治疗策略一专家共识”的内容纲要。目前国内尚缺少基于充分临床实践(循证医学)证据的治疗耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA)感染的指南或专家共识可供参考。 | Expert panel of Chinese Medical Association Forum on the Strategies for the Management of Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections | 2011 | 中国感染与化疗杂志2011，11，6： | 94 |
| 10 | Outline of the Report on Cardiovascular Disease in China,2010显示文摘Major and profound changes have taken place in China over the past 30 years.Rapid socioeconomic progress has exerted a great impact on lifestyle,ranging from food,clothing,working and living conditions,and means of transportation to leisure activities and entertainment.At the same time,new health problems have emerged,and health services are facing new challenges.Presently,cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the top health problems of the Chinese people,and pose a serious challenge to all engaged in the prevention and control of these diseases.An epidemic of CVD in China is emerging as a result of lifestyle changes,urbanization and longevity.Both national policy decision-making and medical practice urgently need an authoritative report which comprehensively reflects the trends in the epidemic of CVD and current preventive measures.Since 2005,guided by the Bureau of Disease Prevention of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China and the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China,nationwide experts in the fields of epidemiology,clinical medicine and health economics in the realms of CVD,cerebrovascular disease,diabetes and chronic kidney disease,completed the Report on Cardiovascular Diseases in China every year.The report aims to provide a timely review of the trend of the epidemic and to assess the progress of prevention and control of CVD.In addition,as the report is authoritative,representative and readable,it will become an information platform in the CVD field and an important reference book for government,academic institutes,medical organizations and clinical physicians.This publication is expected to play a positive role in the prevention and control of CVD in China.We present an abstract from the Report on Cardiovascular Diseases in China (2010),including trends in CVD,morbidity and mortality of major CVDs,up-to-date assessment of risk factors,as well as health resources for CVD,and a profile of medical expenditure,with the aim of providing evidence for decision-making in CVD prevention and control programs in China,and of delivering the most authoritative information on CVD prevention and control for all citizens. | HUSheng Shou KONG Ling Zhi GAO Run Lin ZHU Man Lu WANG Wen WANG Yong Jun WU Zhao Su CHEN Wei Wei LIU Ming Bo For the editorial board | 2012 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2012，25，3： | 93 |
| 11 | 狂犬病预防控制技术指南(2016版)显示文摘狂犬病是由狂犬病病毒感染引起的一种动物源性传染病,临床大多表现为特异性恐风、恐水、咽肌痉挛、进行性瘫痪等。近年来,狂犬病报告死亡数一直位居我国法定报告传染病前列,给人民群众生命健康带来严重威胁。为指导基层疾控机构做好狂犬病的预防控制工作,尤其是暴露后的预防处置,降低狂犬病所致死亡,中国疾病预防控制中心组织专家,参考世界卫生组织和美国疾控中心的技术指南,以及国内外最新研究进展,制定了《狂犬病预防控制技术指南(2016版)》。本指南系统回顾了狂犬病的病原学、临床学、实验室诊断、流行病学、疫苗和被动免疫制剂的种类、机制、效果、安全性和不良反应监测与处置,以及暴露预防处置方法等内容的科学证据,在此基础上对狂犬病暴露前和暴露后预防处置的伤口处置、疫苗接种和被动免疫制剂使用等技术给出了推荐建议。本指南适用于从事狂犬病防控工作的各级各类疾病预防控制机构、狂犬病暴露预防处置门诊、医疗机构感染科和急诊科等专业人员。根据狂犬病的国内外研究进展,本指南今后将不断更新、完善。 | Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention | 2016 | 中国病毒病杂志2016，6，3： | 84 |
| 12 | 全国艾滋病检测技术规范(2015年修订版)显示文摘前言艾滋病在我国的流行已数十年,随着感染者和临床病人的不断增加、感染人群的变化,艾滋病检测工作量逐渐加大,对监测和检测的需求也不断增加,承担艾滋病检测的实验室已遍及全国各级医疗、疾病预防控制、采供血、妇幼保健机构,出入境检验检疫、军队等各个系统。 | Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention | 2016 | 中国病毒病杂志2016，6，6： | 164 |
| 13 | 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension——A report of the Revision Committee of Chinese Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension显示文摘Table of Contents Preamble 1 Prevalence of hypertension in Chinese population 1.1 Prevalence,incidence and epidemic trend of hypertension in Chinese population 1.2 Awareness,treatment and control of Hypertension in China 1.3 Important risk factors for hypertension in Chinese population 2 Hypertension and cardiovascular risk 2.1 Relationship between blood pressure and cardiovascular risk 2.2 Cardiovascular risk characteristics of hypertension population in China 3 Diagnostic evaluation 3.1 Medical history 3.2 Physical examination 3.3 Laboratory examinations 3.4 Genetic analysis 3.5 BP measurement 3.6 Evaluation of target organ damage. | Joint Committee for Guideline Revision Chinese Hypertension League Chinese Society of Cardiology Hypertension Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association Hypertension Branch of the China Association for the Promotion of International Exchanges of Health Care Hypertension Branch of the Chinese Geriatrics Society Li–Sheng LIU | 2019 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2019，16，3： | 95 |
| 14 | A complete sequence and comparative analysis of a SARS-associated virus(Isolate BJ01)显示文摘The genome sequence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-associated virus provides essential information for the identification of pathogen(s), exploration of etiology and evolution, interpretation of transmission and pathogenesis, development of diagnostics, prevention by future vaccination, and treatment by developing new drugs. We report the complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of an isolate (BJ01) of the coronavirus that has been recognized as a pathogen for SARS. The genome is 29725 nt in size and has 11 ORFs (Open Reading Frames). It is composed of a stable region encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (composed of 2 ORFs) and a variable region representing 4 CDSs (coding sequences) for viral structural genes (the S, E, M, N proteins) and 5 PUPs (putative uncharacterized proteins). Its gene order is identical to that of other known coronaviruses. The sequence alignment with all known RNA viruses places this virus as a member in the family of Coronaviridae. Thirty putative substitutions have been identified by comparative analysis of the 5 SARS- associated virus genome sequences in GenBank. Fifteen of them lead to possible amino acid changes (non-synonymous mutations) in the proteins. Three amino acid changes, with predicted alteration of physical and chemical features, have been detected in the S protein that is postulated to beinvolved in the immunoreactions between the virus and its host. Two amino acid changes have been detected in the Mprotein, which could be related to viral envelope formation. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the possibility of non-human origin of the SARS-associated viruses but provides noevidence that they are man-made. Further efforts should focus on identifying the etiology of the SARS-associated virus and ruling out conclusively the existence of otherpossible SARS-related pathogen(s). | QIN E'de ZHU Qingyu YU Man FAN Baochang CHANG Guohui SI Bingyin YANG Bao PENG Wenming JIANG Tao LIU Bohua DENG Yongqiang LIU Hong ZHANG Yu WANG Cui LI Yuquan GAN Yonghua LI Xiaoyu L Fushuang TAN Gang CAO Wuchun, YANG Ruifu Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China WANG Jian, LI Wei, XU Zuyuan, LI Yan, WU Qingfa, LIN Wei, CHEN Weijun, TANG Lin, DENG Yajun, HAN Yujun, LI Changfeng, LEI Meng, LI Guoqing, LI Wenjie, L Hong, SHI Jianping, TONG Zongzhong, ZHANG Feng, LI Songgang, LIU Bin, LIU Siqi, DONG Wei, WANG Jun, Gane K-S Wong, YU Jun & YANG Huanming* Beijing Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101300 National Center for Genome Information, Beijing 101300, China | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，10： | 121 |
| 15 | Mo SILTCIDE SYNTHISIS BY DUAL ION BEAM DEPOSITION显示文摘Mo suicides Mo5 Si3 with high quality were prepared using ion beam deposition equipment with two Filter Metal Vacuum Arc Deposition (FMEVAD). When the number of alternant deposition times was 198, total thickness of the coating is 40nm. The coatings with droplet free can be readily obtained, so the surface is smooth. TEM observation shows that Mo and Si alternant deposition coating is compact structure. The fine Mo suicide grains densely distributed in the coating. The coating adherence on silicon is excellent. | T.H. Zhang, Z.Z. Yi, X. Y. Wu, S.J. Zhang, Y. G. Wu, X. Zhang, H.X. Zhang, A.D. Liu and X.J. Zhang Key Laboratory for Radiation Beam Technology and Material Modification, Institute of Low Energy Nuclear Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Radiatio | 2002 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2002，15，2： | 74 |
| 16 | Growth inhibition and apoptosis induction Sulindac on Human gastric cancer cells显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the effects of sulindac in inducing growth inhibition and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells in comparison with human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)cells.METHODS: The human gastric cancer cell lines MKN45 and MKN28 and human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2and SMMC7721 were used for the study. Anti-proliferative effect was measured by MTT assay, and apoptosis was determined by Hoechst-33258 staining, electronography and DNA fragmentation. The protein of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX(2) and Bcl-2 were detected by Westem dot blotting.RESULTS: Sulindac could initiate growth inhibition and apoptosis of MKN45, MKN28, HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Growth inhibitory activity and apoptosis were more sensitive in HepG2 cells than in SMMC7721 cells, MKN45 and MKN28 cells. After 24hours incubation with sulindac at 2mmol. L-1 and 4mmol.L-1, the level of COX-2 and Bcl-2 protein were lowered in MKN45, SMMC7721 and HepG2 cells but not in MKN28 cells.CONCLUSION: Sulindac could inhibit the growth of gastric cancer cells and HCC cells effectively in vitro by apoptosis induction, which was associated with regression of COX-2and Bcl-2 expression. The growth inhibition and apoptosis of HCC cells were greater then that of human gastric cancer cells. The different effects of apoptosis in gastric cancer cells may be related to the differentiation of the cells. | Yun-Lin Wu~1 Bo Sun~1 Xue-Jun Zhang~2 Sheng-Nian Wang~2 Heng-Yi He~2 Min-Min Qiao~1 Jie Zhong~1 Jia-Yu Xu~1 1 Department of Gastroenterology,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Second Medical University,Shanghai 200025,China2 Institude of Biochemistry and Cell Biology,Shanghai Institues for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Shanghai 200025,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，6： | 64 |
| 17 | Progress in the bionic study on anti-adhesion and resistance reduction of terrain machines显示文摘The theoretical studies of bionics of machinery have great scientific significance, and the development of bionic machines has large practical values in the field of engineering and technology. Through the rigorous selection process of evolution, the survived living organisms have successfully developed outstanding abilities to adapt to their surroundings and to reproduce their offspring. In this review,we interpreted the fundamental principles of anti-adhesion and anti-resistance of soil animals by reviewing the current status in this research field and summarizing the work of the research group at Jilin University of China in the past decades. The principles and technologies used in morphology bionics,electric-osmosis bionics,flexibility bionics,configuration bionics and coupling bionics were examined.Finally,the applications of the engineering bionics and their extensive prospects were introduced. | REN LuQuanKey Laboratory for Terrain-Machine Bionics Engineering of Ministry of Education, School for Biology and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China | 2009 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2009，52，2： | 64 |
| 18 | Biomass carbon stocks in China's forests between 2000 and 2050:A prediction based on forest biomass-age relationships显示文摘China's forests are characterized by young forest age,low carbon density and a large area of planted forests,and thus have high potential to act as carbon sinks in the future.Using China's national forest inventory data during 1994-1998 and 1999-2003,and direct field measurements,we investigated the relationships between forest biomass density and forest age for 36 major forest types.Statistical approaches and the predicted future forest area from the national forestry development plan were applied to estimate the potential of forest biomass carbon storage in China during 2000-2050.Under an assumption of continuous natural forest growth,China's existing forest biomass carbon(C) stock would increase from 5.86 Pg C(1 Pg=1015 g) in 1999-2003 to 10.23 Pg C in 2050,resulting in a total increase of 4.37 Pg C.Newly planted forests through afforestation and reforestation will sequestrate an additional 2.86 Pg C in biomass.Overall,China's forests will potentially act as a carbon sink for 7.23 Pg C during the period 2000-2050,with an average carbon sink of 0.14 Pg C yr-1.This suggests that China's forests will be a significant carbon sink in the next 50 years. | XU Bing,GUO ZhaoDi,PIAO ShiLong & FANG JingYun* Department of Ecology,College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，7： | 61 |
| 19 | Some evidence of drying trend over northern China from 1951 to 2004显示文摘The surface wetness index, Palmer drought sererity index and the retrieval of soil moisture over China were calculated using monthly precipitation and monthly mean surface air temperature. Based on the contrast analysis of the variation of the above three indices and precipitation, the dry/wet spatio-temporal pattern of northern China in the last 54 years was revealed, and the evidence of drying trend over northern China was analyzed, especially. The results show the following four facts: (1) The drying trend is the main characteristic of the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China since the 1980s and it was enhanced in the last 15 years mainly due to the precipitation decrease and the temperature increase; (2) During the last 54 years, there was only one dry/wet shift at the interdecadal scale occurring in the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China in the late 1970s, which was related to 1977/1978 global abrupt change, whereas there were three shifts in Northeast China, one was in the mid 1990s and the other two were in 1965 and 1983, respectively; (3) Unlike the variation trend of other subregions of northern China, the western part of Northwest China is currently located in a relatively wetting period, which is weak-ened due to the temperature increase; (4) The extreme drought frequency is obviously increasing in the eastern part of Northwest China, the central part of North China and Northeast China since the 1980s, which is closely related to the precipitation decrease and temperature increase in these subregions. | MA Zhuguo1,2 & FU Congbin1,2 1. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 2. START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmos-pheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，23： | 63 |
| 20 | 义务教育均衡发展是实现教育公平的基石显示文摘我国义务教育均衡发展取得了很大成就,但依然面临着诸多问题和挑战。基于问题及其原因分析,相应的政策建议是明确政府是义务教育均衡发展的全部责任方,把地方促发展和中央给补偿有机结合起来;建立以'有质量的公平增长'为导向的义务教育资源配置机制;建立国家义务教育质量标准,发挥义务教育质量监测对教育公平发展的作用,并实行相应的问责制度;建立全国通用的义务教育卡,取消义务教育学校借读费,完善异地接受义务教育的保障机制;资助承担义务教育责任的民办学校。 | Center for Educational Policy Analysis of China National Institute for Educational Research | 2007 | 教育研究2007，28，2： | 75 |
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