| 1 | Which is the best choice for gastroesophageal disorders:Melatonin or proton pump inhibitors?显示文摘Melatonin is used in many countries to improve sleep disorders.Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland and enterochromaff in cells which control sleep and gastrointestinal motility.Low levels of melatonin lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD).Most of patients with GERD have a sleep disorder.So,low melatonin levels is the main cause of insomnia.Beyond this,it has an inhibitory action on gastric acid secretion and seems to control the lower esophageal sphincter.Proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) are a group of drugs whose main action is a pronounced and long-lasting reduction of gastric acid production.They are the most potent inhibitors of acid secretion available today.Omeprazole(one of the PPIs) and melatonin have similarities in their chemical structures.Therefore,we could consider omeprazole as a rough copy of melatonin.In this paper,we compare the advantages and disadvantages of the clinical use of melatonin and PPIs. | Joanna Dulce Favacho de Oliveira Torres Ricardo de Souza Pereira | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2010，1，5： | 2 |
| 4 | Concordance of the point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen test for the diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis in a low endemicity area显示文摘Background:The Kato-Katz technique is recommended worldwide for the diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis,detecting parasite eggs in feces of infected people.However,new tests have been developed in order to facilitate diagnosis,e.g.by detection of specific antigens secreted by schistosomes,such as the circulating cathodic antigen(CCA).The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen test(POC-CCA)compared to the Kato-Katz technique in a low prevalence area in the Amazon Region,located in the municipality of Primavera,State of Para,Brazil.Methods:Positivity rates of the POC-CCA test and the Kato-Katz technique were calculated.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy and kappa coefficient were determined by comparing both methods.The reference standard was established using 16 Kato-Katz slides,12 of the first fecal sample,two of the second and two of the third one.The study also included the concordance between POC-CCA results and different numbers and combinations of Kato-Katz slides.Results:The prevalence of schistosomiasis according to the reference standard or POC-CCA test reached a rate of 9.4%or 23.9%,respectively,among a total of 372 participants.The positivity rates by the Kato-Katz technique increased from 2.4 to 9.4%,according to the increase in the number of slides examined and fecal samples colleaed.A sensitivity of 55.6%,specificity 76.9%,accuracy 76%and k coefficient of 0.06 was observed by comparing one slide of the first sample and POC-CCA.Comparing 6 slides from three different samples,two slides of each,with POC-CCA resulted in a sensitivity of 583%,specificity 78.4%,accuracy 77%and k coefficient of 0.16.Finally,the comparison of 16 slides from three different samples with POC-CCA revealed a sensitivity of 65.7%,specificity 80.4%,accuracy 79%,and k coefficient of 0.27.Conclusions:The immunochromatographic test has the potential to be an important tool to combat schistosomiasis because of its practicality and applicability but should be applied with caution in low prevalence areas and in programs that aim to eliminate this disease. | Sergei Rodrigo Magalhaes de Sousa Isabelle Helena Lima Dias Alvaro Luan Santana Fonseca Bianca Rodrigues Contente Joyce Favacho Cardoso Nogueira Tatyellen Natasha da Costa Oliveira Stefan Michael Geiger Martin Johannes Enk | 2019 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2019，8，3： | 1 |
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