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| 1 | Efficacy of fascia iliaca compartment nerve block as part of multimodal analgesia after surgery for femoral bone fracture显示文摘BACKGROUND: Fascia iliaca compartment nerve block(FICNB) has been an established technique for postoperative analgesia after surgery for femoral bone fracture. FICNB is technically easy, effective for postoperative pain control after operation for femoral bone fracture and decreases the complications induced by systemic analgesic drugs. The severity of postoperative pain is affected by genetics, cultural and social factors across the world. In this study we assessed the efficacy of fascia iliaca compartment nerve block when it is used as part of multimodal analgesia after surgery for femoral bone fracture.METHODS: An institution-based case control study was conducted from September, 2013 to May, 2014. All patients who had been operated on under spinal anesthesia for femoral bone fracture were included. The patients divided into a FICNB group(n=20) and a control group(n=20). The FICNB group was given 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine at the end of the operation. Postoperative pain was assessed within the f irst 24 hours, i.e. at 15 minutes, 2 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours using 100 mm visual analogue scale(VAS), total analgesic consumption, and the time for the f irst analgesic request.RESULTS: VAS pain scores were reduced within the f irst 24 hours after operation in the FICNB group compared wtih the control group. VAS scores at 2 hours were taken as median values(IQR) 0.00(0.00) vs.18.00(30.00), P=0.001; at 6 hours 0.00(0.00) vs. 34.00(20.75), P=0.000; at 24 hours 12.50(10.00) vs. 31.50(20.75), P=0.004; and at 12 hours(17.80±12.45) vs.(29.95±12.40), P=0.004, respectively. The total analgesic consumption of diclofenac at 12 and 24 hours was reduced in the FICNB group, and the time for the fi rst analgesic request was signifi cantly prolonged(417.50 vs. 139.25 minutes, P=0.000).CONCLUSIONS: A single injection for FICNB could lead to postoperative pain relief, reduction of total analgesic consumption and prolonged time for the fi rst analgesic request in the FICNB group after surgery for femoral bone fracture. We recommend FICNB for analgesia after surgery for femoral bone fracture and for patients with femoral bone fracture at the emergency department. | Fentahun Tarekegn Kumie Endale Gebreegziabher Gebremedhn Hailu Yimer Tawuye | 2015 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2015，6，2： | 13 |
| 2 | Maternal and fetal outcomes in term premature rupture of membrane显示文摘BACKGROUND: Premature rupture of membrane(PROM) is linked to significant maternal prenatal mortalities and morbidity. In Ethiopia, where maternal mortality is still high, the maternal and fetal outcomes in PROM is very important to decrease maternal and child mortality and for better management and prevention of complications. Thus, this study aimed to detect the maternal and fetal outcomes and associated factors in term PROM at Mizan-Aman General Hospital, south-west Ethiopia.METHODS: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted using data available at MizanAman General Hospital during a period of 3 years(January 2011 to December 2013). We examined records of 4 525 women who gave birth in the hospital; out of these women, 185 were diagnosed with term PROM and all of them were included in the study. The data of these women were collected using a checklist based on registration books. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical package. The association between independent and dependent variables was assessed by bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. 95%CI and P value less than 0.05 were considered statistically signifi cant.RESULTS: Of the 4 525 women who gave birth in the hospital, 202 were complicated by term PROM. About 22.2% of the women showed unfavorable maternal outcomes. The most common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality was puerperal sepsis. About 33.5% of neonates experienced unfavorable outcomes. The duration of PROM >12 hours(AOR=5.6, 95%CI 1.3–24.1) latency >24 hours(AOR=2.8, 95%CI 1.7–11.8), residing in rural areas(AOR=4.2, 95%CI 3.96–29.4) and birth weight less than 2 500 g were associated with unfavorable outcomes.CONCLUSION: Women residing in rural areas, long latency, and neonates with birth weight less 2 500 g may have unfavorable outcomes. Therefore, optimum obstetric and medical care is essential for the reduction of the devastating complications related to disorders. | Tigist Endale Netsanet Fentahun Desta Gemada Mamusha Aman Hussen | 2016 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2016，7，2： | 6 |
| 3 | The knowledge level of final year undergraduate health science students and medical interns about cardiopulmonary resuscitation at a university teaching hospital of Northwest Ethiopia显示文摘BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) is a life-saving technique which is used after cardiopulmonary arrest. Chance of survival after arrest will increase if it is coupled with sufficient knowledge. Final year undergraduate health science students and interns manage many trauma and critically ill patients in our hospital. Even though all students took CPR training in undergraduate course, we sometimes saw difficulties in the resuscitation of patients after cardiopulmonary arrest by undergraduate health professionals. This study was to assess the level of knowledge of undergraduate health science students and medical interns about cardiopulmonary resuscitation.METHODS: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2013. All undergraduate health professionals were included. The mean score of knowledge was compared for sex, original residence and department of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Four hundred sixty-one out of 506 students were included in this study with a response rate of 91.1%. The overall mean knowledge score of final year undergraduate health science students and interns was 11.1(SD=0.2). The mean knowledge scores of nurses, interns, health officer, midwifery, anesthesia and psychiatry nursing students were 9.84(SD=2.5), 13.34(SD=2.8), 9.81(SD=3.0), 8.77(SD=2.6), 13.31(SD=2.7) and 8.43(SD=2.4) respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge level of undergraduate health professionals about cardiopulmonary resuscitation was insufficient. Training about CPR for undergraduate health professionals should be emphasized. | Endale G.Gebremedhn Gebremedhn B.Gebregergs Bernard B.Anderson | 2014 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2014，5，1： | 5 |
| 4 | The incidence of oxygen desaturation during rapid sequence induction and intubation显示文摘BACKGROUND: Rapid sequence induction and intubation(RSII) is an emergency airway management technique for patients with a risk of pulmonary aspiration. It involves preoxygenation, administration of predetermined doses of induction and paralytic drugs, avoidance of mask ventilation, and laryngoscopy followed by tracheal intubation and keeping cricoid pressure applied till endotracheal tube cuff be inflated. Oxygen desaturation has been seen during RSII. We assessed the incidence of oxygen desaturation during RSII.METHODS: An institution-based observational study was conducted from March 3 to May 4, 2014 in our hospital. All patients who were operated upon under general anesthesia with RSII during the study period were included. A checklist was prepared for data collection.RESULTS: A total of 153 patients were included in this study with a response rate of 91.6%. Appropriate drugs for RSII, equipments for RSII, equipments for diffi cult intubation, suction machine with a catheter, a monitor and an oxygen backup such as ambu bag were not prepared for 41(26.8%), 50(32.7%), 51(33.3%), 38(24.8%) and 25(16.3%) patients respectively. Cricoid pressure was not applied at all for 17(11.1%) patients and 53(34.6%) patients were ventilated after induction of anesthesia but before intubation and endotracheal cuff inflation. A total of 55(35.9%) patients desaturated during RSII(SPO2<95%). The minimum, maximum and mean oxygen desaturations were 26%, 94% and 70.9% respectively. The oxygen desaturation was in the range of <50%, 50%–64%, 65%–74%, 75%–84%, 85%–89 % and 90%–94% for 6(3.9%), 7(4.6%), 5(3.3%), 10(6.5%), 13(8.5%) and 14(9.2%) patients respectively.CONCLUSION: The incidence of oxygen desaturation during RSII was high in our hospital. Preoperative patient optimization and training about the techniques of RSII should be emphasized. | Endale Gebreegziabher Gebremedhn Desta Mesele Derso Aemero Ehtemariam Alemu | 2014 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2014，5，4： | 5 |
| 5 | Knowledge and skills of neonatal resuscitation of health professionals at a university teaching hospital of Northwest Ethiopia显示文摘BACKGROUND:Competency in neonatal resuscitation is critical in the delivery rooms,neonatology units and pediatrics intensive care units to ensure the safety and health of neonates. Each year,millions of babies do not breathe immediately at birth,and among them the majority require basic neonatal resuscitation. Perinatal asphyxia is a major contributor to neonatal deaths worldwide in resource-limited settings. Neonatal resuscitation is effective only when health professionals have sufficient knowledge and skills. But malpractices by health professionals are frequent in the resuscitation of neonates. The present study was to assess the knowledge and skills of health professionals about neonatal resuscitation.METHODS:An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in our hospital from February15 to April 30,2014. All nurses,midwives and residents from obstetrics-gynecology(obsgyn),midwifery and pediatric departments were included. The mean scores of knowledge and skills were compared for sex,age,type of profession,qualification,year of service and previous place of work of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:One hundred and thirty-five of 150 participants were included in this study with a response rate of 90.0%. The overall mean scores of knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents were 19.9(SD=3.1) and 6.8(SD=3.9) respectively. The mean knowledge scores of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 19.7(SD=3.03),20.2(SD=2.94),19.7(SD=4.4) and 19.6(SD=3.3) respectively. Whereas the mean scores of skills of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 7.1(SD=4.17),6.7(SD=3.75),5.7(SD=4.17) and 6.6(SD=3.97) respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents about neonatal resuscitation were substandardized. Training of neonatal resuscitation for midwives,nurses and residents should be emphasized. | Endale Gebreegziabher Adugna Aregawi Habtamu Getinet | 2014 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2014，5，3： | 4 |
| 6 | A High-resolution Com-puted Tomographic Study of Changes in Root Canal Isthmus Area by Instrumentation and Root Filling显示文摘 | Unni Endal DDS Ya Shen | 2011 | Basic Re-search-Technology2011，37，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Techniques of rapid sequence induction and intubation at a university teaching hospital显示文摘BACKGROUND: Rapid sequence induction and intubation(RSII) is a medical procedure involving a prompt induction of general anesthesia by using cricoid pressure that prevents regurgitation of gastric contents. The factors affecting RSII are prophylaxis for aspiration, preoxygenation, drug and equipment preparation for RSII, ventilation after induction till intubation and patient condition. We sometimes saw diffi culties with the practice of this technique in our hospital operation theatres. The aim of this study was to assess the techniques of rapid sequence induction and intubation.METHODS: Hospital based observational study was conducted with a standardized checklist. All patients who were operated upon under general anesthesia during the study period were included. The techniques of RSII were observed during the induction of anesthesia by trained anesthetists.RESULTS: Altogether 140 patients were included in this study with a response rate of 95.2%. Prophylaxis was not given to 130 patients(92.2%), and appropriate drugs were not used for RSII in 73 patients(52.1%), equipments for diffi cult intubation in 21(15%), suction machines with catheter not connected and turned on in 122(87.1%), ventilation for patients after induction and before intubation in 41(29.3%), cricoid pressure released before cuff inflation in 12(12.1%), and difficult intubation in 8(5.7%), respectively. RSII with cricoid pressure was applied appropriately in 94(67.1%) patients, but cricoid pressure was not used in 46(32.9%) patients.CONCLUSIONS: The techniques of rapid sequence induction and intubation was low. Training should be given for anesthetists about the techniques of RSII. | Endale G.Gebremedhn Kefale D.Gebeyehu Hintsawit A.Ayana Keder E.Oumer Hulgize N.Ayalew | 2014 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2014，5，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Ischemia induces regulator of G protein signaling 2 ( RGS2 ) protein upreg- ulation and enhances apoptosis in astrocytes 显示文摘 | Endale M Kim S D Lee W M | 2010 | Am J Physiol Cell Physiol2010，298，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Surface-soil responses to paraplowing of long-term no-tillage cropland in the Southern Piedmont USA显示文摘 | Franzluebbers A J Sohmoberg H H Endale D M | 2007 | Soil & Tillage Research2007，96，： | 1 |
| 10 | Pathogen reduction effi-ciency of on-site treatment processes in eco-sanitation system 显示文摘 | ENDALE Y T YIRSAW B D ASFAW'S L | 2012 | Waste Management and Research2012，30，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Ageing and vision structure stability and function of lens Crystallins显示文摘 | Bloem endal H JongW Jeanicke R | 2004 | Prog Biophys Mol boil2004，86，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Simple Chromatographic Method for Simultaneous Analyses of Phosphatidylcholine, Lysophosphatidylcholine, and Free Fatty Acids显示文摘 | Abebe Endale Mengesha Paul M Bum met | 2010 | AAPS PharmSciTech2010，11，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Eradication of endo-dontic infection by instrumentation and irrigation solutions显示文摘 | Haapasalo M Endal U Zandi H | 2005 | Endodontic Topics2005，10，1： | 1 |
| 14 | The Relationship of Land Use Practices to Surface Water Quality in the Upper Oconce Watershed of Georgia 显示文摘 | FISHER D S STEINER D M ENDALE D M | 2000 | Forest Ecology and Management2000，128，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Carbon and nitrogen i- otopic compositions of particulate organic matter in four arge river systems across the United States 显示文摘 | ~endall C Silva S R Kelly V J | 2001 | Hydro- ogical Processes2001，15，7： | 1 |
| 16 | Carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of particulate organic matter in four large river systems across the United States显示文摘 | ENDALL C SILVA S R KELLY V J | 2001 | Hydrol Proc2001，15，： | 1 |
| 17 | 埃塞俄比亚蚕业发展现状及其对策显示文摘埃塞俄比亚纺织业在其对外贸易中占有一定比重,丝绸面料和服装制成品消费增长迅速。由于土地资源和劳动力成本具有优势,养蚕业很适合在当地发展。栽桑、养蚕和丝绸成品加工等生产体系已经形成,蚕业发展具备一定的基础。制约当地蚕业发展的因素有养蚕基础设施差,技术人才匮乏,茧丝绸加工能力滞后。埃塞俄比亚蚕业可持续发展的出路在于加大养蚕基础设施投入,建立完善的蚕茧收购和加工体系,大力开展蚕业技术培训。了解埃塞俄比亚蚕业发展的现状,分析制约其发展的因素,对稳定中国蚕业生产和丝绸加工业对外转型有借鉴作用。 | 张月华 Geleta Hailu Endale Hailu | 2017 | 丝绸2017，54，11： | 1 |
| 18 | The Relationship of Land Use Practices to Surface Water Quality in the Upper Oconee Watershed of Georgia显示文摘 | Fisher D S Steiner D M Endale D M | 2000 | Forest Ecology and Management2000，128，1： | 1 |
| 19 | The relationship of land use practices to surface water quality in the Upper Oconee Watershed of Georgia显示文摘 | Fisher D S Steiner J L Endale D M | 2000 | Forest Ecology and Management2000，128，： | 1 |
| 20 | The relationship of land use practices to surface water quality in the Upper Oconee Watershed of Georgia 显示文摘 | D S Fisher J L Steiner D M Endale | 2000 | Forest Ecology and Management2000，128，： | 1 |
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