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| 1 | Dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis influenced intestinal health of weaned pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic E. coli显示文摘Background: There is growing evidence to support the beneficial effects of supplementing direct-fed microbials(DFM) on performance, health status, and immune responses of weaned pigs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis(DSM 25841) on growth performance, diarrhea, gut permeability and immunity of weaned pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic F-18 Escherichia coli(E. coli).Results: The F18 E. coli infection reduced(P < 0.05) growth performance and intestinal villi height, whereas increased(P < 0.05) diarrhea and transcellular and paracellular permeability in the jejunum compared with non-challenged control. Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis linearly enhanced average daily gain of E. coli infected pigs from d 0 to 5 post-inoculation(PI)(P < 0.05) and d 0 to 11 PI(P = 0.058). Supplementation of high dose of Bacillus subtilis reduced(P < 0.05) both transcellular and paracellular permeability on d 5 and d11 PI compared with the E. coli infected pigs fed with control diet. E. coli infection up-regulated(P < 0.05)the m RNA expression of SLC5 A10(soluble carrier family 5 member 10) and MUC2(mucin 2) on d 5 PI, but down-regulated(P < 0.05) expression of SLC5 A10, MUC2, and CLDN1 on d 11 PI in jejunal mucosa when pigs were fed with the control diet. Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis linearly up-regulated(P < 0.05) the m RNA expression of CFTR and ZO1 on d 5 PI and SLC5 A10 and MUC2 on d 11 PI in jejunal mucosa of E. coli infected pigs. In addition, E. coli infection increased(P < 0.05) the m RNA expression of several immune genes(IL1 A, IL1 B, and IL7 on d 5 PI, and IL1 B, IL6, IL7, and TNF on d 11 PI) in the ileal mucosa of weaned pigs. Inclusion of Bacillus subtilis to control diet linearly down-regulated gene expression of IL1 A on d 5 PI(P = 0.07) and IL6 on d 11 PI(P < 0.05) in ileal mucosa of E. coli infected pigs.Conclusions: Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis(DSM 25841) enhanced growth rate and improved gut barrier function of weaned pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic E. coli. | Kwangwook Kim Yijie He Xia Xiong Amy Ehrlich Xunde Li Helen Raybould Edward R.Atwill Elizabeth A.Maga Jens JΦrgensen Yanhong Liu | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Detection and analysis of indicator and pathogenic bacteria in conventional and organic fruits and vegetables sold in retail markets显示文摘Produce-associated food-borne outbreaks have been increasingly implicated as the significant proportion of the annual incidence of food-borne ilness worldwide.The objectives of this study were to determine the concentrations of indicator bacteria and the presence of Salmonella spp.Shigella spp..Escherichia coli(E.coln 0157:H7,and Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes),and to characterize predictors associated with Salmonella contamination of retail produce from fresh markets and supermarkets in Bangkok,Thailand.A total of 503 samples were col-lected during May 2018 and February 2019,comprised of sweet basil,spring onion,coriander,cabbage,lettuce,cucumber,and tomato,with conventional items from fresh open-air markets(n=167),conventional items from supermarkets(n=168),and organic items from supermarkets(n=168).The overall prevalence in these 503 items for fecal coliforms and E.coli was 84.3%and 71.4%,with mean concentrations(±standard deviation)of fecal coliforms and E.coli being(3.0×10^(5)±1.3×10^(5))most probable number(MPN)/g and(1.8×10^(5)±1.1×10^(5))MPN/g,respectively.The concentrations of fecal coliforms and E.coli were higher in produce sampled from fresh open-air markets than produce from supermarkets;simi-larly,these bacterial indicators were higher from produce grown under conventional methods than certified organic produce.The prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella was 4.8%and 0.4%,respectively,but no positives were found for E.coli 0157:H7 and L.monocytogenes.The predom-inant Salmonella serovar was Stanley(30.8%).Based on logistic regression,the odds of Salmonella contamination were significantly(P<0.05)higher during the rainy versus dry season,produce grown using conventional versus organic agriculture,sweet basil versus other commodities,and using ice tank versus dry refrigeration for overnight retail storage.This study indicated that fruits and vegetables are important sources of microbial contamination.Hence,monitoring and surveillance of pathogen contamination to produce is needed to strengthen food safety. | Jutanat Srisamran Edward R.Atwill Rungtip Chuanchuen Saharuetai Jeamsripong | 2022 | Food Quality and Safety2022，6，2： | 0 |
| 3 | Bacterial pathogens and factors associated with Salmonella contamination in hybrid red tilapia(Oreochromis spp.)cultivated in a cage culture system显示文摘Microbial food safety in cultured tilapia remains a challenge to public health worldwide,due in part to intensive aquaculture leading to poor water quality and high organic matter deposition.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of indicator and potential pathogenic bacteria in hybrid red tilapia(Oreochromis spp.)and their cultivation water and to identify environmental parameters and other bacterial contaminants associated with Salmonella contamination.A total of 120 fish were sampled,which were partitioned into fish carcasses(n=120),muscle(n=120),intestine(n=120),liverandkidney(n=120),and cultivationwater(n=120)from three commercial farms in westernThailand from October2019 to November 2020.The prevalence of fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli(E.col)in these 600 samples was 74.8%and 56.7%,respectively.The prevalence of Salmonella,Vibrio cholerae(V.cholerae),Aeromonas hydrophila,and Vibrio vulnificus(V.vulnificus)was 23.0%,17.5%,2.5%,and 1.7%,respectively.None of the samples tested positive for Streptococcus agalactiae.Cultivation water exhibited a high prevalence for Salmonella(58.3%).Among fish samples,Salmonella had the highest prevalence at 14.1%,which was mainly from fish intestine.There was a significant association of Salmonella with the presence of fecal coliforms,E.coli,V.cholerae,and V.vulnificus.The predominant serovars of Salmonella included Saintpaul,Neukoelln,Escanaba,and Papuana.Grazing ducks that were raised in proximity to these cultured tilapia shared the same isolates of Salmonella based on the similarity of their rep-PCR DNA fingerprints,suggesting that ducks may function as either a biological reservoir for tilapia or at minimum participate in the environmental replication of this strain of Salmonella.Taken together,the results suggest that the environment used for tilapia aquaculture may be contaminated with pathogenic bacteria;therefore,food safety precautions are needed during processing,transportation,cooking,and consumption. | Varangkana Thaotumpitak Jarukorn Sripradite Edward R.Atwill Surapun Tepaamorndech Saharuetai Jeamsripong | 2022 | Food Quality and Safety2022，6，3： | 0 |
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