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| 1 | Need of surveillance response systems to combat Ebola outbreaks and other emerging infectious diseases in African countries显示文摘There is growing concern in Sub-Saharan Africa about the spread of the Ebola virus disease(EVD),formerly known as Ebola haemorrhagic fever,and the public health burden that it ensues.Since 1976,there have been 885,343 suspected and laboratory confirmed cases of EVD and the disease has claimed 2,512 cases and 932 fatality in West Africa.There are certain requirements that must be met when responding to EVD outbreaks and this process could incur certain challenges.For the purposes of this paper,five have been identified:(i)the deficiency in the development and implementation of surveillance response systems against Ebola and others infectious disease outbreaks in Africa;(ii)the lack of education and knowledge resulting in an EVD outbreak triggering panic,anxiety,psychosocial trauma,isolation and dignity impounding,stigmatisation,community ostracism and resistance to associated socio-ecological and public health consequences;(iii)limited financial resources,human technical capacity and weak community and national health system operational plans for prevention and control responses,practices and management;(iv)inadequate leadership and coordination;and(v)the lack of development of new strategies,tools and approaches,such as improved diagnostics and novel therapies including vaccines which can assist in preventing,controlling and containing Ebola outbreaks as well as the spread of the disease.Hence,there is an urgent need to develop and implement an active early warning alert and surveillance response system for outbreak response and control of emerging infectious diseases.Understanding the unending risks of transmission dynamics and resurgence is essential in implementing rapid effective response interventions tailored to specific local settings and contexts.Therefore,the following actions are recommended:(i)national and regional inter-sectorial and trans-disciplinary surveillance response systems that include early warnings,as well as critical human resources development,must be quickly adopted by allied ministries and organisations in African countries in epidemic and pandemic responses;(ii)harnessing all stakeholders commitment and advocacy in sustained funding,collaboration,communication and networking including community participation to enhance a coordinated responses,as well as tracking and prompt case management to combat challenges;(iii)more research and development in new drug discovery and vaccines;and(iv)understanding the involvement of global health to promote the establishment of public health surveillance response systems with functions of early warning,as well as monitoring and evaluation in upholding research-action programmes and innovative interventions. | Ernest Tambo Emmanuel Chidiebere Ugwu Jeane Yonkeu Ngogang | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 20 |
| 2 | Constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation and IL-6/IL-10 co-expression are associated with impaired T-cell function in tuberculosis patients显示文摘T-cells critically contribute to protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection,and impaired T-cell responses can lead to disease progression.Pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokines affect T-cells,and fine-tuned regulation of cytokine signaling via the Jak/STAT signaling pathways is crucial for appropriate T-cell function.Constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation as a consequence of aberrant cytokine signaling has been described to occur in pathognomonic T-cell responses in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.We characterized blood samples from tuberculosis patients(n=28)and healthy contacts(n=28)from Ghana for M.tuberculosis-specific T-cell responses,constitutive cytokine production,and SOCS3 and pSTAT3 expression.Lentiviral modulation of primary CD4+T-cells was performed to determine the effects of SOCS3 on T-cell functions.T-cells from tuberculosis patients expressed higher levels of IL-10 and IL-6 and lower levels of T helper type(TH)17 cytokines after M.tuberculosis-specific stimulation compared to healthy contacts.In addition,tuberculosis patients had higher IL-10 and IL-6 levels in the supernatants of non-stimulated immune cells and plasma samples compared to healthy contacts.Notably,aberrant cytokine expression was accompanied by high constitutive pSTAT3 levels and SOCS3 expression in T-cells.Multivariate analysis identified an IL-6/IL-10 co-expression-based principal component in tuberculosis patients that correlated with high pSTAT3 levels.SOCS3 contributed to a regulatory component,and tuberculosis patients with high SOCS3 expression showed decreased TH1 cytokine expression and impaired IL-2-induced STAT5 phosphorylation.SOCS3 over-expression in primary CD4+T-cells confirmed the SOCS3 inhibitory function on IL-2-induced STAT5 phosphorylation.We conclude that constitutive pSTAT3 and high SOCS3 expression are influential factors that indicate impaired T-cell functions in tuberculosis patients. | Kirstin Harling Ernest Adankwah Alptekin Güler Anthony Afum-Adjei Awuah Louis Adu-Amoah Ertan Mayatepek Ellis Owusu-Dabo Norman Nausch Marc Jacobsen | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，3： | 15 |
| 3 | 2020年前的中国经济:增长减速不是会否发生,而是如何发生显示文摘中国经济增长速度放缓已成共识:未来十年中国的经济增长速度将低于过去十年,我们也支持这一共识。潜在增长速度是劳动力、资本和全要素生产率的函数:1978~2009年间,中国成功地实现了9.8%的年均增长。许多学术文献试图估算出资本、劳动力和全要素生产率对中国GDP增长的贡献。据这些研究报告称,资本积累对经济增长的贡献最大(3. | 王庆 章俊 Ernest Ho | 2011 | 金融发展评论2011，，3： | 15 |
| 4 | Surveillance-response systems: the key to elimination of tropical diseases显示文摘Tropical diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries.Although combined health efforts brought about significant improvements over the past 20 years,communities in resource-constrained settings lack the means of strengthening their environment in directions that would provide less favourable conditions for pathogens.Still,the impact of infectious diseases is declining worldwide along with progress made regarding responses to basic health problems and improving health services delivery to the most vulnerable populations.The London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases(NTDs),initiated by the World Health Organization’s NTD roadmap,set out the path towards control and eventual elimination of several tropical diseases by 2020,providing an impetus for local and regional disease elimination programmes.Tropical diseases are often patchy and erratic,and there are differing priorities in resources-limited and endemic countries at various levels of their public health systems.In order to identify and prioritize strategic research on elimination of tropical diseases,the‘First Forum on Surveillance-Response System Leading to Tropical Diseases Elimination’was convened in Shanghai in June 2012.Current strategies and the NTD roadmap were reviewed,followed by discussions on how to identify and critically examine prevailing challenges and opportunities,including inter-sectoral collaboration and approaches for elimination of several infectious,tropical diseases.A priority research agenda within a‘One Health-One World’frame of global health was developed,including(i)the establishment of a platform for resource-sharing and effective surveillance-response systems for Asia Pacific and Africa with an initial focus on elimination of lymphatic filariasis,malaria and schistosomiasis;(ii)development of new strategies,tools and approaches,such as improved diagnostics and antimalarial therapies;(iii)rigorous validation of surveillance-response systems;and(iv)designing pilot studies to transfer Chinese experiences of successful surveillance-response systems to endemic countries with limited resources. | Ernest Tambo Lin Ai Xia Zhou Jun-Hu Chen Wei Hu Robert Bergquist Jia-Gang Guo Jürg Utzinger Marcel Tanner Xiao-Nong Zhou | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 14 |
| 5 | 欧氏失能指数用于中国四川腰背痛患者功能测量的评价研究显示文摘目的探讨Oswestry欧氏失能指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)应用于中国腰背痛患者评定的可信性。方法门诊的腰背痛患者86例(男35例,女51例),平均年龄(39.5±10.1)岁。用ODI对所有对象重复评定2次,间隔48h。分析ODI的信度和效度。结果0DI的Cronbach’Alpha系数为0.891,(组内相关系数ICC)=0.854(95%CI=0.775~0.905);因子分析产生的2个主因子对变最的累计方差贡献为61.91%,与SF-36的6个相关维度的相关系数均有统计学意义。结论用ODI评定腰背痛具有良好的信度和效度,可作为腰背痛患者对自我功能失衡的标准评价手段。 | 谭柯 郑敏 杨邦祥 Ernest Volinn 刘慧 何竟 蒋敏 李晓松 | 2009 | 四川大学学报(医学版)2009，40，3： | 13 |
| 6 | Nat Biotechnol:将人星形胶质细胞重编程为多巴胺能神经元,有助治疗帕金森病显示文摘帕金森病是一种主要影响运动系统的神经退行性疾病。它的特征在于大脑中的多巴胺能神经元(dopaminergic neuron)渐进性丧失。尽管当前的疗法旨在补充多巴胺水平,但是没有一种疗法能够恢复这些丢失的细胞。如今。在一项新的研究中,来自瑞典、奥地利、西班牙和美国的研究人员开发出一种方法:将神经胶质细胞(glialcell)转化为活性的多巴胺能神经元,并且所产生的多巴胺能神经元能够部分恢复帕金森病模式小鼠的运动功能。这项概念验证研究可能为开发出一种治疗这种疾病的新方法铺平道路。 | Pia Rivetti di Val Cervo, Elisa Martín-Montañez, Enrique M Toledo, Gioele La Manno, Sara Padrell Sánchez, Sten Linnarsson Ernest Arenas Roman A Romanov, Christian Pifl Tibor Harkany Roman A Romanov, Giada Spigolon, Débora Masini, Michael Feyder, Tibor Harkany Gilberto Fisone Elisa Martín-Montañez Yi-Han Ng Marius Wernig | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，17： | 11 |
| 7 | Optimal timing and route of nutritional support after esophagectomy: A review of the literature显示文摘Some controversy surrounds the postoperative feeding regimen utilized in patients who undergo esophagectomy.Variation in practices during the perioperative period exists including the type of nutrition started,the delivery route,and its timing.Adequate nutrition is essential for this patient population as these patients often present with weight loss and have altered eating patterns after surgery,which can affect their ability to regain or maintain weight.Methods of feeding after an esophagectomy include total parenteral nutrition,nasoduodenal/nasojejunal tube feeding,jejunostomy tube feeding,and oral feeding.Recent evidence suggests that early oral feeding is associated with shorter LOS,faster return of bowel function,and improved quality of life.Enhanced recovery pathways after surgery pathways after esophagectomy with a component of early oral feeding also seem to be safe,feasible,and cost-effective,albeit with limited data.However,data on anastomotic leaks is mixed,and some studies suggest that the incidence of leaks may be higher with early oral feeding.This risk of anastomotic leak with early feeding may be heavily modulated by surgical approach.No definitive data is currently available to definitively answer this question,and further studies should look at how these early feeding regimens vary by surgical technique.This review aims to discuss the existing literature on the optimal route and timing of feeding after esophagectomy. | Richard Zheng Courtney L Devin Michael J Pucci Adam C Berger Ernest L Rosato Francesco Palazzo | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，31： | 11 |
| 8 | Pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts worse survival outcomes and advanced tumor staging in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer显示文摘Objective:To determine the role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in prognosticating survival outcomes in patients with advanced/metastatic urothelial bladder cancer.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 84 patients undergoing radical cystectomy(RC)for UCB from January 2002 to June 2012.NLR was computed(median:5 days)prior to surgery.No patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.NLR was analyzed as a continuous variable and a cut-off point of 2.7 was obtained,with a statistical receiver operating characteristics of 0.74.KaplaneMeier curves,multivariate Cox proportional hazard and logistics regression models were used to predict NLR association with survival outcomes.Results:The median follow-up period was 30.1 months(range:3.2e161.7)owing to high recurrence rate and subsequent mortalities,compared to the median 64.7 months in patients alive at the end of study period.NLR2.7 was associated with worse survival outcomes(5-year disease-specific survival:22%vs 58%,p Z 0.017,95%CI:1.193e6.009;5-year overall survival:23%vs 60%,p Z 0.008,95%CI:1.322e6.147).Furthermore,on multivariate analyses,higher NLR was independently associated with higher recurrence rate(p Z 0.007,HR Z6.999,95%CI:1.712e28.606),higher T staging(p Z 0.021,HR Z 3.479,95%CI:1.212e9.990)and lymph node involvement(p Z 0.009,HR Z 4.534,95%CI:1.465e14.034). | Yu Guang Tan Ernest Eu Weber Lau Kam On Hong Hong Huang | 2017 | Asian Journal of Urology2017，4，4： | 9 |
| 9 | Testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in non obstructive azoospermia显示文摘Objective To report the experience in sperm extraction from testicular biopsies (TESE) performed from March 1996 to July 1998 in men with non obstructive azoospermia (NOA) Methods Comparisons of age, volume of both testes, serum FSH and testosterone in men, and histology of testicular samples in the first cycles between cycles with spermatozoa found and those without spermatozoa found were performed Comparisons of fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy rates between cycles with spermatozoa injected and those with spermatids injected were performed Results Spermatozoa were found in only 12 out of 26 first TESE cycles (46 2%) and other cycles had spermatids (round cells) only Age of men, history of mumps orchitis/oligozoospermia, volume of both testes and serum FSH/testosterone levels in men were not significantly different between cycles with and without spermatozoa The fertilization rate was significantly higher in cycles with spermatozoa injected than those with round cell injections (63 3% vs 23 2%, P <0 0001, Chi squared test) The pregnancy rate was 14 3% per cycle when spermatozoa were injected Conclusions TESE followed by Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an effective treatment in patients with NOA Less than half of the patients undergoing TESE had spermatozoa recovered Age of men, volume of both testes and serum FSH/ testosterone levels in men were not useful in predicting successful recovery Compared to using ejaculated and epididymal spermatozoa, fertilization and pregnancy rates were achieved when testicular spermatozoa were used for | Ng Hung Yu Ernest, Lau Yee Lan, Yeung Shu Biu, So Wai Ki, Tam Po Chor and Ho Pak Chung | 2000 | Chinese Medical Journal2000，，3： | 7 |
| 10 | 乌干达Albertine地堑石油地质条件与油气勘探潜力显示文摘 | 窦立荣 王建君 程顶胜 Ernest N.T.RUBONDO Robert KASANDE | 2004 | 地质学报2004，78，4： | 7 |
| 11 | 肥胖与体重正常的前列腺癌患者中miR-21,miR-221与miR.222表达与前列腺癌复发的关系显示文摘最近有报道发现某些miRNAs在肥胖和前列腺癌复发中都发挥重要,但是这些miRNAs与肥胖前列腺癌患者的癌症复发的关系还没有相关报道。本研究通过28名复发和37名未复发前列腺癌患者,研究了肥胖与miR-21,miR-221与miR-222表达之间的关系对前列腺癌复发的影响。用定量PCR测定miRNA的表达。COX比例风险模型调整过的就诊年龄、临床阶段、Gleason分值用来估计复发自由生存率的风险比例(HR)和95%置信区间(95%CI)。复发患者(78.6%)的miR.21表达明显比不复发患者(48.6%)低,而且低表达的人数也多(P=0.014)。这种差异在肥胖患者中尤其明显。多因素分析显示miR-21在肥胖患者中(HR=6.15,95%CI=I.04—36.48,P=0.045),是一个独立的风险因素,但在体重正常患者中(HR=1.28,95%CI=0.30—5.49,P=0.74)不是。未观察到miR-221和miR-222表达与复发之间的明显关联。总之,我们的研究显示miR-21与前列腺根治术后的前列腺癌复发有关联,同时miR-21的表达在复发与不复发之间的差异表达在肥胖患者中更明显。我们将来需要更大型的研究来证实这些初步的研究成果,并且查明其相关机制。 | Ernest K Amankwah Evelyn Anegbe Hyun Park Julio Pow-Sang Ardeshir Hakam Jong Y Park | 2013 | Asian Journal of Andrology2013，15，2： | 6 |
| 12 | Navigated liver surgery:State of the art and future perspectives显示文摘Background:In recent years,the development of digital imaging technology has had a significant influence in liver surgery.The ability to obtain a 3-dimensional(3D)visualization of the liver anatomy has provided surgery with virtual reality of simulation 3D computer models,3D printing models and more recently holograms and augmented reality(when virtual reality knowledge is superimposed onto reality).In addition,the utilization of real-time fluorescent imaging techniques based on indocyanine green(ICG)uptake allows clinicians to precisely delineate the liver anatomy and/or tumors within the parenchyma,applying the knowledge obtained preoperatively through digital imaging.The combination of both has transformed the abstract thinking until now based on 2D imaging into a 3D preoperative conception(virtual reality),enhanced with real-time visualization of the fluorescent liver structures,effectively facilitating intraoperative navigated liver surgery(augmented reality).Data sources:A literature search was performed from inception until January 2021 in MEDLINE(Pub Med),Embase,Cochrane library and database for systematic reviews(CDSR),Google Scholar,and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)databases.Results:Fifty-one pertinent articles were retrieved and included.The different types of digital imaging technologies and the real-time navigated liver surgery were estimated and compared.Conclusions:ICG fluorescent imaging techniques can contribute essentially to the real-time definition of liver segments;as a result,precise hepatic resection can be guided by the presence of fluorescence.Furthermore,3D models can help essentially to further advancing of precision in hepatic surgery by permitting estimation of liver volume and functional liver remnant,delineation of resection lines along the liver segments and evaluation of tumor margins.In liver transplantation and especially in living donor liver transplantation(LDLT),3D printed models of the donor’s liver and models of the recipient’s hilar anatomy can contribute further to improving the results.In particular,pediatric LDLT abdominal cavity models can help to manage the largest challenge of this procedure,namely large-for-size syndrome. | Paschalis Gavriilidis Bjørn Edwin Egidijus Pelanis Ernest Hidalgo Nicola de’Angelis Riccardo Memeo Luca Aldrighetti Robert P Sutcliffe | 2022 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2022，21，3： | 6 |
| 13 | Breeding wheat for drought tolerance: Progress and technologies显示文摘Recurrent drought associated with climate change is among the principal constraints to global productivity of wheat(Triticum aestivum(L.) and T. turgidum(L.)). Numerous efforts to mitigate drought through breeding resilient varieties are underway across the world. Progress is, however, hampered because drought tolerance is a complex trait that is controlled by many genes and its full expression is affected by the environment. Furthermore, wheat has a structurally intricate and large genome. Consequently, breeding for drought tolerance requires the integration of various knowledge systems and methodologies from multiple disciplines in plant sciences. This review summarizes the progress made in dry land wheat improvement, advances in knowledge, complementary methodologies, and perspectives towards breeding for drought tolerance in the crop to create a coherent overview. Phenotypic, biochemical and genomics-assisted selection methodologies are discussed as leading research components used to exploit genetic variation. Advances in phenomic and genomic technologies are highlighted as options to circumvent existing bottlenecks in phenotypic and genomic selection, and gene transfer. The prospects of further integration of these technologies with other omics technologies are also provided. | Learnmore Mwadzingeni Hussein Shimelis Ernest Dube Mark D Laing Toi J Tsilo | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2016，15，5： | 6 |
| 14 | 高光谱成像技术预测香葱贮藏品质显示文摘香葱是一种保质期很短的重要调味食品,水分与叶绿素是评估香葱采后品质的重要指标。本文旨在使用无损检测技术获取香葱在采后不同存储条件下的水分及叶绿素分布情况。实验采用高光谱成像技术获取431~962 nm波段的香葱反射光谱数据,通过卷积平滑(SG)、多元散射校正(MSC)、标准正态变异(SNV)三种预处理方法对原始光谱进行相应转换,并分别建立水分和叶绿素含量预测模型,比较模型预测精度后,选用降噪效果最好的MSC作为光谱预处理方法。随后使用竞争自适应加权采样算法分别选出11个和20个特征波段用于水分与叶绿素含量的预测。基于优选特征波段,利用偏最小二乘回归算法和支持向量机回归算法建立水分和叶绿素含量的预测模型。所建水分与叶绿素含量预测模型的最高预测决定系数分别达到0.9046和0.9143。最后根据所建模型取得不同存储条件下香葱水分及叶绿素含量分布图。综上,高光谱成像技术可用于快速无损检测香葱水分及叶绿素分布情况。本研究为后续便携式果蔬水分及叶绿素分布检测仪器的开发提供了理论依据。 | 任怡 王成全 Bonah Ernest Joshua Harrington Aheto 王锋 黄星奕 | 2021 | 食品工业科技2021，42，10： | 6 |
| 15 | 中国“以电子政务拉动信息产业发展”政策的再评估显示文摘电子政务是中国信息化战略的重中之重,但其实际发展与预期间存在着明显差距。本文以中国“以电子政务拉动信息产业发展”政策为研究重点,把这一政策放在中国信息化历史中加以考察,分析中国信息化新阶段ICT市场的新变化和新挑战,针对电子政务实践与预期间的差距,对该政策提出我们的看法。 | 汪向东 Ernest J. Wilson | 2005 | 数量经济技术经济研究2005，22，10： | 5 |
| 16 | Cumulative Plastic Deformation for Fine-Grained Subgrade Soils显示文摘 | Dingqing Li Ernest T. Selig | 1996 | Journal of Geotechnical Engineering1996，，12： | 5 |
| 17 | Command and Control Cities in Global Space-economy Before and after 2008 Geo-economic Transition显示文摘The global economic downturn caused primarily by the US sub-prime mortgage crisis in 2007 engendered revenue loss of the multinational corporations.Existing studies have yet to depict the detrimental impacts on city's command and control functions induced by the sub-prime mortgage crisis together with its residual wave of global economic recession on the global spatial economy.Recent and previous studies have produced an 'instant history' of the global spatial economy before the global economic downturn undermines the global economy in late 2008.However,the waxes and wanes of major cities' command and control functions on the global economic arena before and after the outbreak of financial crisis and its associated geo-economic transitions are still poorly understood.This paper attempts to contribute a new set of customized data to update and fill in the gap in the literature with the investigation of the command and control functions of cities around the world from 2005 to 2009.Particular attentions are paid to the time-space relationship of the geo-economic transition that can capture the recent historical images of the command and control situation of different cities in the world. | Ernest Ka Shing LEE Simon Xiaobin ZHAO Yang XIE | 2012 | Chinese Geographical Science2012，22，3： | 5 |
| 18 | 复杂难选铁矿石预处理方法的研究进展显示文摘复杂难选铁矿石难以开发利用的主要原因是由于其嵌布关系复杂、嵌布粒度不均匀以及成分复杂等导致其难以解离。针对复杂难选铁矿石解离难度大的问题,分析了影响矿石解离的内部因素和外部因素,并指出了在现阶段工业生产中存在的问题。为了解决这一难题,提出采用热处理、超声波、助磨剂、酸浸等辅助解离的预处理方法,介绍了其原理、研究进展及应用现状,并对上述各方法的优缺点及存在的问题进行了总结。热处理法分为传统热处理和微波热处理,传统热处理具有方法简单、处理能力大的优点,但处理时间过长、效果不够显著,而微波热处理具有选择性强、处理时间短及效果显著的优点,但设备较贵、处理能力小;超声波法具有处理时间短、不易发生过磨且得到的产品粒度较为均匀的优点,但对设备具有一定的要求且选择性较差;助磨剂具有用量少、效果好、操作简单等优点,但需要考虑对后续选别的影响;酸浸能够有效地延展矿石裂缝并降低矿石强度,但存在环境友好问题。除上述研究较多的预处理方法外,还提出了冷冻处理应用于复杂难选铁矿石的可行性。分析认为根据矿石自身性质选择合适的预处理方法对于提高复杂难选铁矿石的解离效果以及实现选择性解离具有重要意义。 | 程翔宇 钱功明 蔡先炎 KONADU-YIADOM Ernest | 2020 | 金属矿山2020，，12： | 5 |
| 19 | Nobel prize for the artemisinin and ivermectin discoveries: a great boost towards elimination of the global infectious diseases of poverty显示文摘The Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)made a marked transformation for neglected and vulnerable communities in the developing countries from the start,but infectious diseases of poverty(IDoPs)continue to inflict a disproportionate global public health burden with associated consequences,thereby contributing to the vicious cycle of poverty and inequity.However,the effectiveness and large-scale coverage of artemisinin combination therapy(ACT)have revolutionized malaria treatment just as the control of lymphatic filariasis(LF)and onchocerciasis have benefitted from harnessing the broad-spectrum effect of avermectin-based derivatives.The paradigm shift in therapeutic approach,effected by these two drugs and their impact on community-based interventions of parasitic diseases plaguing the endemic low-and middle-income countries(LIMCs),led to the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.However,the story would not be complete without mentioning praziquantel.The huge contribution of this drug in modernizing the control of schistosomiasis and also some intestinal helminth infections had already shifted the focus from control to potential elimination of this disease.Together,these new drugs have provided humankind with powerful new tools for the alleviation of infectious diseases that humans have lived with since time immemorial.These drugs all have broad-spectrum effects,yet they are very safe and can even be packaged together in various combinations.The strong effect on so many of the great infectious scourges in the developing countries has not only had a remarkable influence on many endemic diseases,but also contributed to improving the cost structure of healthcare.Significant benefits include improved quality of preventive and curative medicine,promotion of community-based interventions,universal health coverage and the fostering of global partnerships.The laudable progress and benefits achieved are indispensable in championing,strengthening and moving forward elimination of the IDoPs.However,there is an urgent need for further innovative,contextual and integrated approaches along with the advent of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),replacing the MDGs in ensuring global health security,well-being and economic prosperity for all. | Ernest Tambo Emad IMKhater Jun-Hu Chen Robert Bergquist Xiao-Nong Zhou | 2015 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2015，4，1： | 5 |
| 20 | Comparing the reinforcement capacity of welded steel mesh and a thin spray-on liner using large scale laboratory tests显示文摘Steel mesh is used as a passive skin confinement medium to supplement the active support provided by rock bolts for roof and rib control in underground coal mines. Thin spray-on liners(TSL) are believed to have the potential to take the place of steel mesh as the skin confinement medium in underground mines.To confirm this belief, large scale laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the behaviour of welded steel mesh and a TSL, when used in conjunction with rock bolts, in reinforcing strata with weak bedding planes and strata prone to guttering, two common rock conditions which exist in coal mines. It was found that while the peak load taken by the simulated rock mass with weak bedding planes acting as the control sample(no skin confinement) was 2494 kN, the corresponding value of the sample with 5 mm thick TSL reinforcement reached 2856 kN. The peak load of the steel mesh reinforced sample was only2321 kN, but this was attributed to the fact that one of the rock bolts broke during the test. The TSL reinforced sample had a similar post-yield behaviour as the steel mesh reinforced one. The results of the large scale guttering test indicated that a TSL is better than steel mesh in restricting rock movement and thus inhibiting the formation of gutters in the roof. | Zhenjun Shan Porter Ian Nemcik Jan Baafi Ernest | 2014 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2014，24，3： | 5 |
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