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| 1 | 全球药物滥用的疾病负担:来自2010年全球疾病负担研究显示文摘背景:直到目前还没有研究者系统地估计过全球及区域性的苯丙胺类、大麻、可卡因和阿片类药物依赖的患病率及其造成的疾病负担。我们旨在用伤残损失寿命年(YLDs)、过早死亡损失寿命年(YLLs)和伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)来估计药物依赖的患病率和其造成的疾病负担。方法:采用贝叶斯Meta回归的方法(Dis Mod-MR)对药物依赖的流行病学研究及2010年全球疾病、伤害及危险因素负担研究(GBD 2010)进行了系统综述,估计人群水平的药物依赖患病率。GBD 2010通过代表性社区调查和基于互联网的调查计算出新的失能权重。我们把估计的药物依赖患病率和新的失能权重结合起来估算药物依赖导致的YLDs、YLLs、DALYs和其作为相关疾病危险因素时导致的YLDs、YLLs和DALYs。结果:2010年,药物依赖直接造成了2千万的DALYs(95%UI(不确定区间)1.3-2.54千万),占全球全因DALYs的0.8%(0.6%-1.0%)。世界范围内,相比于其他药物,越来越多的人依赖于阿片类和苯丙胺类药物。阿片类药物依赖直接造成的疾病负担最大(DALYs为920万,95%UI为710-1140万)。在某些地区,药物依赖导致的DALYs所占比例比其他地区高出20倍,收入越高的国家药物依赖造成的负担所占比例也越高。注射吸毒所致HIV感染造成210万的DALYs(95%UI 110-360万),所致HCV感染导致50.2万的DALYs(95%UI 28.6-89.1万)。苯丙胺类药物依赖所致自杀造成85.4万的DALYs(95%UI 29.1-179.1万),阿片类药物依赖所致自杀造成67.1万的DALYs(95%UI 32.9-173.0万),可卡因依赖所致自杀造成32.4万的DALYs(95%UI 10.9-68.2万)。药物依赖导致的疾病负担最高的国家(>650 DALYs/10万人)包括美国,英国,俄罗斯和澳大利亚。结论:药物滥用是造成全球疾病负担的一个重要因素。为减少人群水平的疾病负担,我们需采取有效的措施(比如给予阿片类药物依赖者替代治疗及针具交换等)降低阿片类药物依赖和注射吸毒导致的疾病负担。 | 王同瑜 Degenhardt L Whiteford HA Ferrari AJ Baxter AJ Charlson FJ Hall WD Freedman G Burstein R Johns Engell RE Flaxman A Murray CJ Vos T | 2015 | 中国药物依赖性杂志2015，24，6： | 3 |
| 2 | An all chemical solution deposition approach for the growth of highly textured CeO2 cap layers on La2Zr2OT-buffer long lengths of biaxially textured Ni-W substrates for YBCO coated conductors 显示文摘 | ENGEL S KNOTH K HOHNE R | 2005 | Super Sci Tech2005，18，10： | 1 |
| 3 | Formation of eight-carbon and ten-carbon components in mushrooms (Agaricus campestris)显示文摘 | Tressl R Bahri D Engel KH | 1982 | J Agric Food Chem1982，30，： | 1 |
| 4 | Initiators for endothermic fuels 显示文摘 | Wickham D T Engel J R Hitch B D etal | 2001 | J Propul Power2001，17，： | 1 |
| 5 | Effects of Vortex Genera- tor Application on the Performance of a Compressor Cas- cade显示文摘 | Hergt A Meyer R Engel K | 2013 | Journal of Turbomachinery2013，135，02： | 1 |
| 6 | Explaining investment dynamics in US Manufacturing: A generalized (S, s) approach显示文摘 | Caballero R J Engel E M R A | 1999 | Econometrica1999，67，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Continuous/discontinuous finite element approximations of fourth-order elliptic problems in structural and continuum mechanics with applications to thin beams and plates, and strain gradient elasticity显示文摘 | Garikipati K Hughes T J R | 2002 | Comput Methods Appl Mech Engng2002，191，： | 1 |
| 8 | Financial accounting information,organizational complexity and corporate governance systems显示文摘 | Bushman R Chen Q Engel E Smith A | 2004 | Journal of Accounting and Economics2004，，37： | 1 |
| 9 | More about the polymerization of lactides in the presence of stannous oc- toate 显示文摘 | Schwach G Coudane J Engel R | 1997 | Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry1997，35，16： | 1 |
| 10 | Five-year follow up of a randomised controlled trial comparing NovaSure and ThermaChoice endometrial ablation显示文摘 | Kleijn JH Engels R Bourdrez P | 2008 | BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology2008，15，2： | 1 |
| 11 | The HLA-G genotype is potentially associated with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion显示文摘 | Pfeiffer KA Fimmers R Engels G | 2001 | Mol Hum Reprod2001，7，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Nonpoint source (NPS) pollutant modeling using models integrated with geographic information systems (GIS)显示文摘 | Engel B A Srinivasan R Arnold J | 1993 | Water Science and Technology1993，28，35： | 1 |
| 13 | On the glow discharge at high pressure 显示文摘 | A Von Engel R Seeliger M Steenbeck | 1933 | Zeit fuer Physik1933，85，： | 1 |
| 14 | Microforming-from basic research to its realization显示文摘 | Engel U Eckstein R | 2002 | Journal of Materials Processing Technology2002，，： | 1 |
| 15 | The role of coping strategies in quality of life of adolescents with asthma显示文摘 | Van De Ven MO Engels RC Sawyer SM Otten R Van Den Eijnden RJ | 2007 | Qual Life Res2007，，2： | 1 |
| 16 | A spatial decision on support system for assessing agricultural non-point source pollution显示文摘 | SRINIVASAN R ENGEL B A | 1994 | Water Re- sources Bulletin1994，30，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Evidence for wavelike energy transfer through quantum coherence in photosynthetic systems显示文摘 | ENGEL S CALHOUN R READ L | 2007 | Nature2007，446，7137： | 1 |
| 18 | High-frequency oscillations:what is normal and what is not?显示文摘 | Engel J Jr Bragin A Staba R | 2009 | Epilepsia2009，50，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Regional hemostatic status and blood requirements after total knee arthroplasty with and without tranexamic acid or aprotinin显示文摘 | Engel JM Hohaus T Ruwoldt R | 2001 | Anesth Analg2001，92，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Design of an ultralight weight autonomous solar airplane for continuous flight显示文摘 | NOTH A ENGEL W SIEGWART R | 2006 | Proceedings of Field and Service Robotics2006，25，7： | 1 |
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