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| 1 | 农业生态系统中氮的利用效率与氮的管理显示文摘在生产玉米、水稻和小麦的作物系统中既要满足增长的食物需求又要保护环境质量,面对这样一个全球性的挑战,我们不知会成功还是会失败。要使发达国家大规模的作物系统和发展中国家小规模的作物系统中产量、利润和环境保护这三者之间的关系尽可能优化,关键就是要实现氮的供应与作物需求之间的同步性,既不多也不少。为了迎接挑战而制订的研究议程和有效政策,要求我们定量地理解当前这些系统中氮利用的效率及损失的水平、生物物理法控制这些要素的水平和采用改善后的管理措施所获得的经济回报水平。对于这些问题,尽管在基础生物学、生态学和生物地球化学方面的研究进展能提供一些答案,但我们不应该低估科学研究所遇到的重大挑战,因为在全世界很有限的生产耕地上作物系统必须保持产量增加,而对其中氮的控制日益困难。 | Kenneth G.Cassman Achim Dobermann Daniel T.Walters 李红 | 2002 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2002，31，2： | 31 |
| 2 | Cereal area and nitrogen use efficiency are drivers of future nitrogen fertilizer consumption显示文摘At a global scale, cereal yields and fertilizer N consumption have increased in a near-linear fashion during the past 40 years and are highly correlated with one another. However,large differences exist in historical trends of N fertilizer usage and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)among regions, countries, and crops. The reasons for these differences must be understood to estimate future N fertilizer requirements. Global nitrogen needs will depend on: (i) changes in cropped cereal area and the associated yield increases required to meet increasing cereal demand from population and income growth, and (ii) changes in NUE at the farm level. Our analysis indicates that the anticipated 38% increase in global cereal demand by 2025 can be met by a 30% increase in N use on cereals, provided that the steady decline in cereal harvest area is halted and the yield response to applied N can be increased by 20%. If losses of cereal cropping area continue at the rate of the past 20 years (-0.33% per year) and NUE cannot be increased substantially, a 60% increase in global N use on cereals would be required to meet cereal demand. Interventions to increase NUE and reduce N losses to the environment must be accomplished at the farm- or field-scale through a combination of improved technologies and carefully crafted local policies that contribute to the adoption of improved N management; uniform regional or national directives are unlikey to be effective at both sustaining yield increases and improving NUE. Examples from several countries show that increases in NUE at rates of 1% per year or more can be achieved if adequate investments are made in research and extension. Failure to arrest the decrease in cereal crop area and to improve NUE in the world's most important agricultural systems will likely cause severe damage to environmental services at local, regional, and global scales due to a large increase in reactive N load in the environment. | Achim Dobermann Kenneth G.Cassman | 2005 | Science China(Life Sciences)2005，48，z2： | 24 |
| 3 | Internal nutrient efficiencies of irrigated lowland rice in tropical and subtropical Asia显示文摘 | C Witt A Dobermann S Abdulrachman H.C Gines Wang Guanghuo R Nagarajan S Satawatananont Tran Thuc Son Pham Sy Tan Le Van Tiem G.C Simbahan D.C Olk | 1999 | Field Crops Research1999，，2： | 2 |
| 4 | Opportunities for increased nitrogen-use efficiency from improved resource management in irrigated rice systems显示文摘 | K.G. Cassman S. Peng D.C. Olk J.K. Ladha W. Reichardt A. Dobermann U. Singh | 1998 | Field Crops Research1998，，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Strategies for nutrient man- agement in irrigated and rainfed lowland rice systems显示文摘 | DOBERMANN A WHITE P F | 1999 | Nu- trient Cycline Agroecosystems1999，53，： | 1 |
| 6 | Meeting cereal demand while protecting natural resources and improving environmental quality显示文摘 | Cassman K G Dobermann A Walters D T | 2003 | Annual Reviews of Environmental and Resources2003，28，： | 1 |
| 7 | Fine-resolution mapping of soil organic carbon based on multivariate secondary data显示文摘 | Simbahan G.C Dobermann A Goovaerts P Ping J.and Haddix M.L | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Sampling optimization based on secondary information and its utilization in soil carbon mapping 显示文摘 | Simbahan G C Dobermann A | 2006 | Geoderma2006，133，34： | 1 |
| 9 | Geostatistical integration of yield monitor data and remote sensing improves yidd maps 显示文摘 | Dobermann A Ping J L | 2004 | Agrono- my Journal2004，6，： | 1 |
| 10 | Site-specific nutrient management for intensive rice cropping systems in Asia显示文摘 | Dobermann A Witt C Dawe D | 2002 | Field Crops Res2002，74，： | 1 |
| 11 | Plant nutrient management for enhanced productivity in intensive grain production systems of the United States and Asia显示文摘 | Dobermann A Cassman K G | 2002 | Plant Soil2002，247，： | 1 |
| 12 | Agroecosystems,nitrogen use efficiency,and nitrogen management显示文摘 | Cassman K G Dobermann A R Walters D T | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 13 | Hybrid-Maize -a maize simulation model that combines two crop modeling approaches显示文摘 | Yang H S Dobermann A Lindquist J L | 2004 | Field Crops Res2004，87，： | 1 |
| 14 | Features, applications, and limitations of the Hybrid-Maize simulation model显示文摘 | Yang Haishun Dobermann A Kenneth G | 2006 | Agronomy Journal2006，98，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Geostatistical integration of yield monitor data and remote sensing improves yield maps显示文摘 | Dobermann A Ping J L | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 16 | Site - specific nutrient management for intensive rice cropping systems in Asia 显示文摘 | Dobermann A Witt C Dawe D | 2002 | Field Crops Research2002，74，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Sampling Optimiza-tion Based on Secondary Information and Its Utiliza-tion in Soil Carbon Mapping显示文摘 | Simbahan G C Dobermann A | 2006 | Geoderma2006，133，34： | 1 |
| 18 | Fine resolution mapping of soil organic carbon based on multivariate secondary data显示文摘 | Simbahan G C Dobermann A Goovaerts P | 2006 | Gcoderma2006，132，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Opportunities for increased nitrogen use efficiency from improved resource management in irrigated rice systems显示文摘 | Cassman K G Peng S Olk D C Ladha J K Reichardt W Dobermann A Singh U | 1998 | Field Crops Research1998，56，： | 1 |
| 20 | Nitrogen response and economies for irrigated corn in Nebraska显示文摘 | Dobermann A Wortmann C S | 2011 | Agronomy Journal2011，103，： | 1 |
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