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| 1 | Potential role of N-carbamoyl glutamate in biosynthesis of arginine and its significance in production of ruminant animals显示文摘Arginine(ARG) exerts many beneficial effects on animal body and enhanced angiogenesis, lactogenesis, which finally leads to the improvement in nitrogen(N) metabolism, reproduction, lactation, immunity and growth. Unfortunately, unprotected ARG will be degraded in the rumen and its price is high, thus feeding rumen-protected ARG seems to be uneconomical. Alternatively, N-carbamoyl glutamate(NCG) is structural analogue of N-acetyl glutamate, cofactor of cabamoyl phosphate synthetase 1, is lower in rumen degradation compared to ARG. Additionally, rumen epithelial and duodenal cells have potentially utilized the NCG for ureagenesis. Supplementation of NCG to high yielding dairy cows increased plasma concentration of ARG and nitric oxide, decreased the plasma ammonia N and improved lactation performance and N utilization. Supplementation of NCG enhanced pregnancy rates in rats, improved litter size and fetal survival rate, thereby improved the reproductive performance of sows. Oral NCG supplementation increases plasma ARG and somatotropin levels, and increased growth rate and muscle protein synthesis in nursing piglets. The NCG is potential a relatively cheaper source of feed additive to offer vital compensation over oral administration of ARG, resulting in improved ruminant animal health and production. In this article, we reviewed the mechanism of ARG biosynthesis by NCG and their significance in growth, reproduction, milk production and N utilization in ruminant animals. | Bahram Chacher Hongyun Liu Diming Wang Jianxin Liu | 2013 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2013，4，4： | 15 |
| 2 | Ultrafine particle emission characteristics of diesel engine by on-board and test bench measurement显示文摘This study investigated the emission characteristics of ultrafine particles based on test bench and on-board measurements. The bench test results showed the ultrafine particle number concentration of the diesel engine to be in the range of (0.56-8.35)×10 8cm-3. The on-board measurement results illustrated that the ultrafine particles were strongly correlated with changes in real-world driving cycles. The particle number concentration was down to 2.0×106cm-3 and 2.7×107cm-3 under decelerating and idling operations and as high as 5.0×108cm-3 under accelerating operation. It was also indicated that the particle number measured by the two methods increased with the growth of engine load at each engine speed in both cases. The particle number presented a 'U' shaped distribution with changing speed at high engine load conditions, which implies that the particle number will reach its lowest level at medium engine speeds. The particle sizes of both measurements showed single mode distributions. The peak of particle size was located at about 50-80nm in the accumulation mode particle range. Nucleation mode particles will significantly increase at low engine load operations like idling and decelerating caused by the high concentration of unburned organic compounds. | Cheng Huang Diming Lou Zhiyuan Hu Piqiang Tai Di Yao Wei Hu Peng Li Jin Ren Changhong Chen | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，11： | 8 |
| 3 | Effect of dietary phosphorus content on milk production and phosphorus excretion in dairy cows显示文摘Background:Phosphorus(P) supplementation is costly and can result in excess P excretion.This study investigated the effects of reducing dietary P on milk production and P excretion in dairy cows over a full lactation.Method:Forty-five multiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided into 15 blocks according to expected calving date and previous milk yield,and assigned randomly to one of the three dietary treatments:0.37,0.47,and 0.57%P(DM basis);these P levels represent the NRC recommendations,Chinese recommendations,and the amount of dietary P commonly fed by Chinese dairy farmers,respectively.Average daily feed intake was calculated from monthly data on feed offered and refused.Milk yields of individual cows were recorded weekly,and milk samples were taken for analysis of protein,fat,solids-not-fat,lactose,and somatic cell count.Blood samples were collected on days-6,-3,0,3,6 relative to calving,and then monthly throughout lactation,and analyzed for P and Ca concentrations.Spot samples of feces and urine were collected for 3 consecutive d during weeks 12,24,and 36,and P concentrations were analyzed.Reproduction and health data were recorded.Results:Dietary P did not affect dry matter intake or milk yield(P> 0.10).Milk fat content was slightly higher in cows fed 0.37%P than in cows fed 0.47%P(P = 0.05).Serum concentrations of P and Ca did not reflect dietary P content(P> 0.10).Fecal and urinary P both declined linearly(P< 0.05) as dietary P decreased from 0.57 to0.37%.Fecal P content was 25%less when dietary P was 0.37%compared to 0.57%.Health events and reproductive performance were not associated with dietary P content(P> 0.05).Conclusions:Lowering dietary P from 0.57 to 0.37%did not negatively affect milk production,but did significantly reduce P excretion into environment. | Chong Wang Zhen Liu Diming Wang Jianxin Liu Hongyun Liu Zhiguo Wu | 2014 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2014，5，4： | 5 |
| 4 | Nitrogen partitioning and microbial protein synthesis in lactating dairy cows with different phenotypic residual feed intake显示文摘Background: Residual feed intake(RFI) is an inheritable measure of feed efficiency that is independent on level of production. However, physiological and metabolic mechanisms underlying divergent RFI are not fully elucidated.This study was conducted to investigate dietary nitrogen(N) partitioning and microbial protein synthesis in lactating dairy cows divergent in phenotypic RFI.Results: Thirty Holstein dairy cows(milk yield = 35.3 ± 4.71 kg/d;milk protein yield = 1.18 ± 0.13 kg/d;mean ± standard deviation) were selected for the experiment to derive RFI. After the RFI measurement period of 50 d, the 10 lowest RFI cows and 8 highest RFI cows were selected. The low RFI cows had lower dry matter intake(DMI, P < 0.05) than the high RFI cows, but they produced similar energy-corrected milk. The ratios of milk to DMI(1.41 vs. 1.24, P < 0.01) and energy-corrected milk to DMI(1.48 vs. 1.36, P < 0.01) were greater in low RFI cows than those in the high RFI cows. The low RFI cows had lower milk urea nitrogen than that in the high RFI cows(P = 0.05). Apparent digestibility of nutrients did not differ between two groups(P > 0.10). Compared with high RFI animals, the low RFI cows had a lower retention of N(5.72 vs. 51.4 g/d, P < 0.05) and a higher partition of feed N to milk N(29.7% vs. 26.5%, P < 0.05).Conclusions: The results suggest that differences in N partition, synthesis of microbial protein, and utilization of metabolizable protein could be part of the mechanisms associated with variance in the RFI. | Yunyi Xie Zezhong Wu Diming Wang Jianxin Liu | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，4： | 4 |
| 5 | AMPK-mTOR pathway is involved in glucose-modulated amino acid sensing and utilization in the mammary glands of lactating goats显示文摘Background:The local supply of energy-yielding nutrients such as glucose seems to affect the synthesis of milk components in the mammary gland(MG).Thus,our study was conducted to investigate the effects of locally available MG glucose supply(LMGS)on amino acid(AA)sensing and utilization in the MG of lactating dairy goats.Six dosages of glucose(0,20,40,60,80,and 100 g/d)were infused into the MG through the external pudendal artery to investigate the dose-dependent changes in mammary AA uptake and utilization(Exp.1)and the changes in mRNA and protein expression of the AMPK-mTOR pathway(Expt.2).Results:In Exp.1,total milk AA concentration was highest when goats were infused with 60 g/d glucose,but lower when goats were infused with 0 and 100 g/d glucose.Increasing LMGS quadratically changed the percentages ofαS2-casein andα-lactalbumin in milk protein,which increased with infusions from 0 to 60 g/d glucose and then decreased with infusions between 60 and 100 g/d glucose.The LMGS changed the AA availability and intramammary gland AA utilization,as reflected by the mammary AA flux indexes.In Exp.2,the mRNA expression of LALBA in the MG increased quadratically with increasing LMGS,with the highest expression at dose of 60 g/d glucose.A high glucose dosage(100 g/d)activated the general control nonderepressible 2 kinase,an intracellular sensor of AA status,resulting in a reduced total milk AA concentration.Conclusions:Our new findings suggest that the lactating MG in dairy goats may be affected by LMGS through regulation of the AA sensory pathway,AA utilization and protein synthesis,all being driven by the AMPK-mTOR pathway. | Jie Cai Diming Wang Feng-Qi Zhao Shulin Liang Jianxin Liu | 2020 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2020，11，3： | 3 |
| 6 | Constraints on the utilization of cereal straw in lactating dairy cows:A review from the perspective of systems biology显示文摘Cereal straw,a human inedible crop byproduct,can be used as a roughage source in ruminants.However,the nutrition density and palatability are very low,limiting its efficient utilization in animal production.This review aims to systematically provide an overview of the limitations of cereal straws,which is crucial for developing new strategies to enhance the efficient use of cereal straws by lactating dairy cows.Evolutionary molecular biology makes it possible to comprehensively understand the limitations of using cereal straw as a roughage source in dairy cows by different techniques,e.g.,multi-omics.Main constraints for utilization of cereal straw and stover in lactating dairy cows include low contents of easily fermented carbohydrates(pectin)and essential amino acids(Met,Phe,and branched-chain amino acids),high content of lignin and silica,and low nutrient digestibility.These cause insufficient supply of the precursors for milk synthesis and result in increased loss of nutrients in feces and urine.Several molecular mechanisms are revealed by multi-omics techniques,including changed amino acid and glucose metabolism,altered rumen microbial composition and function,and differential expression of miRNAs,mRNA,and protein in multi-organs that are associated with milk synthesis.These can be targets of approaches to improve the utilization of cereal straw by dairy cows.In addition,much attention should be given to the efficient countermeasures,including pretreatments by fibrolytic enzymes or steam explosion,dietary formulations such as supplement of pectin,methionine,and branched-chain amino acids,and feeding with other functional feedstuffs,which may improve the feeding and economic value of cereal straw for lactating dairy cows.The newly revealed functional genes(such as BAG3 in the rumen,PC in the liver,CSN1S2 in the mammary gland)and biomarkers(hippuric acid)as well as the integrative signaling and metabolic pathways(phenylalanine metabolism)related to the shortages of cereal straws could be used as nutritional or genetic regulatory targets to improve dairy cow production. | Bing Wang Huizeng Sun Diming Wang Hongyun Liu Jianxin Liu | 2022 | Animal Nutrition2022，，2： | 3 |
| 7 | A PEMS study of the emissions of gaseous pollutants and ultrafine particles from gasoline- and diesel-fueled vehicles显示文摘 | Cheng Huang Diming Lou Zhiyuan Hu Qian Feng Yiran Chen Changhong Chen Piqiang Tan Di Yao | 2013 | Atmospheric Environment2013，，： | 2 |
| 8 | Emission reduction characteristics of a catalyzed continuously regenerating trap after-treatment system and its durability performance显示文摘The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a catalyzed continuously regenerating trap(CCRT)system composed of a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC)and a catalyzed diesel particulate filter(CDPF)on the main gaseous and particulate emissions from an urban diesel bus,as well as the durability performance of the CCRT system.Experiments were conducted based on a heavy chassis dynamometer,and a laboratory activity test as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)test were applied to evaluate the changes of the aged CCRT catalyst.Results showed that the CCRT could reduce the CO by 71.5%and the total hydrocarbons(THC)by 88.9%,and meanwhile promote the oxidation of NO.However,the conversion rates for CO and THC dropped to 25.1%and 55.1%,respectively,after the CCRT was used for one year(~60,000 km),and the NO oxidation was also weakened.For particulate emissions,the CCRT could reduce 97.4%of the particle mass(PM)and almost 100%of the particle number(PN).The aging of the CCRT resulted in a reduced PM trapping efficiency but had no observable effect on the PN;however,it increased the proportion of nucleation mode particles.The activity test results indicated that the deterioration of the CCRT was directly relevant to the increase in the light-off temperatures of the catalyst for CO,C3H8 and NO2.In addition,the decreased concentrations of the active components Pt2+ and Pt4+ in the catalyst are also important factors in the CCRT deterioration. | Yunhua Zhang Diming Lou Piqiang Tan Zhiyuan Hu Hu Li | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，10： | 2 |
| 9 | Effect of catalyzed diesel particulate filter and its catalyst loading on emission characteristics of a non-road diesel engine显示文摘In this study, the effects of a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) coupled with a catalyzed diesel particulate filter(CDPF) with different catalyst loadings on the power, fuel consumption,gaseous and particulate emissions from a non-road diesel engine were investigated. Results showed that the after-treatment had a negligible effect on the power and fuel consumption.The reduction effect of the DOC on the CO and hydrocarbon(HC) increased with the engine load. Further reductions occurred coupling with the CDPF. Increasing the catalyst loading resulted in a more significant reduction in the HC emissions than CO emissions. The DOC could increase the NO_(2)proportion to 37.9%, and more NO_(2)was produced when coupled with the CDPF below 250℃;above 250℃, more NO_(2)was consumed. The after-treatment could reduce more than 99% of the particle number(PN) and 98% of the particle mass(PM).Further reductions in the PN and PM occurred with a higher CDPF catalyst loading. The DOC had a better reduction effect on the nucleation particles than the accumulation ones, but the trend reversed with the CDPF. The DOC shifted the particle size distribution(PSD) to larger particles with an accumulation particle proportion increasing from 13% to 20%, and the geometric mean diameter(GMD) increased from 18.2 to 26.0 nm. The trend reversed with the CDPF and the accumulation particle proportion declined to less than 10%. A lower catalyst loading on the CDPF led to a higher proportion of nucleation particles and a smaller GMD. | Yunhua Zhang Diming Lou Piqiang Tan Zhiyuan Hu Liang Fang | 2023 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2023，，4： | 2 |
| 10 | Preliminary Experimental Results of ac Operation in the CT-6B Tokamak显示文摘The preliminary experimental results of ac plasma discharges in the CT-6B tokamak have been achieved by an active plasma current feedback system and the keys to a smooth transition through current zero and some phenomena related to the current reversal phase are also presented. | YANG Xuanzong ZHENG Shaobai JIANG Diming HAN Gonghe FENG Chunhua QI Xiazhi WANG Wenshu LI Wenlai LI Zanliang DONG Lifang | 1995 | Chinese Physics Letters1995，12，6： | 2 |
| 11 | Spectroscopic studies of structures of butyl and bromobutyl 显示文摘 | Cheng Diming Cheng Jin Wang Hecu | 1990 | Rubb Chem Technol1990，63，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Ubiquitin hubs in oncogenic net- works显示文摘 | Grosetto N Bienko M DiMe I | 2006 | Mol Cancer Res2006，4，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Substrate- gel electrophoresis for composition and molecular weight of proteinases or proteinaceous proteinase inhibitors 显示文摘 | Garcia- Carreno F L Dimes L E Haard N F | 1993 | Analytical Biochemistry1993，214，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Sex steroid profiles in female and male stellate sturgeon(Acipenser stellatus Pallas)during femal maturation induced by hormonal treatment显示文摘 | Semenkova T Barannikova I Dime D E | 2002 | J Appl Ichthyol2002，18，： | 1 |
| 15 | Inequality and business cycles in the U.S. and European Union countries显示文摘 | Sophia Dimelis Alexandra Livada | 1999 | International Advances in Economic Research1999，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | An overview of APSIM, a model designed for farming systems simulation 显示文摘 | Keating B A Carberry P S Hammer G L Probert M E Robertson M J Holzworth D Huth N I Hargreaves J N G Meinke H Hochman Z McLean G Verburg K Snow V Dimes J P Silburn M Wang E Brown S Bristow K L Asseng S Chapman S McCown R L Freebairn D M Smith C J | 2003 | European Journal of Agronomy2003，18，314： | 1 |
| 17 | Substrate-Gel electrophoresis for composition and molecular weight of proteinases or protein aceous proteinase inhibitors显示文摘 | GARClA-CARRNOO F L DIMES L E HAARD N F | 1993 | Anal Bioch1993，214，： | 1 |
| 18 | Spillovers from foreign direct investment and firm growth: Technological, financial and market structure effects 显示文摘 | Dimelis S | 2005 | International Journal of the Economics of Business2005，12，1： | 1 |
| 19 | How farming systems simulation can aid the development of more sustainable smallholder farming systems in southern Africa 显示文摘 | Whitbread A M Robertson M J Carberry P S Dimes J P | 2010 | European Journal of Agronomy2010，32，： | 1 |
| 20 | APSIM's water and nitrogen modules and simulation of the dynamics of water and nitrogen in fallow systems显示文摘 | Probert M E Dimes J P Keating B A et at | 1998 | Agricultural Systems1998，56，1： | 1 |
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