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| 1 | Cementing mechanism of algal crusts from desert area显示文摘34-, 17-, 4-, 1.5-year old natural algal crusts were collected from Shapotou Scientific Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-day old field and greenhouse artificial algal crusts were in situ developed in the same sandy soil and the same place (37°27’N, 104°57’E). Their different cohesions both against wind force and pressure were measured respectively by a sandy wind-tunnel experiment and a penetrometer. On the basis of these algal crusts, the cementing mechanism was revealed from many subjects and different levels. The results showed that in the indoor artificial crusts with the weakest cohesion bunchy algal filaments were distributed in the surface of the crusts, produced few extracellular polymers (EPS), the binding capacity of the crusts just accomplished by mechanical bundle of algal filaments. For field crusts, most filaments grew toward the deeper layers of algal crusts, secreted much more EPS, and when organic matter content was more than 2.4 times of chlorophyll a, overmuch organic | HU Chunxiang LIU Yongding ZHANG Delu HUANG Zebo B.S.Paulsen | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002,47,16: | 25 |
| 2 | Study on detection of coastal water environment of China by ocean color remote sensing显示文摘Coastal water environment is essentially enhanced by ocean color which is basically decided by substances concentration in water such as chlorophyll, suspended material and yellow substance. It is very difficult, even not possible, to detect water color by expensive ship routing, because of its temporal and spatial variety of feature and scales in the very complicated dynamical system of coastal water. With the development of satellite technique in the last 20 a, space sensors can be applied to detect ocean color by measuring the spectra of water leaving radiance.It is proven that ocean color remote sensing is a powerful tool for understanding the process of oceanic biology and physics. Since the 1980s, great attention has been paid to the advanced remote sensing technique in China, especially to development of satellite programs for the coastal water environment. On 7 September 1988, China launched her first polar orbit satellite FY-1A for meteorological and oceanographic application (water color and temperature) and the second satellite FY-1B two years later. In May 1999, China launched her second generation environment satellite FY-1C with higher sensitivies, more channels and stable operation. The special ocean color satellite HY-1 is planned to be in the orbit in 2001, whose main purpose is to detect the coastal water environment of China seas. China is also developing a very advantageous sensor termed as Chinese moderate imaging spectra radiometer (CMODIS) with 91 channels, which will be a good candidate of the third generation satellite FY-3 in 2003. The technical system of ocean color remote sensing was developed by the Second Institute of Oceanography (SIO), State Oceanic Administration (SOA) in 1997. The system included data receiving, processing, distribution, calibration, validation and application units. The Hangzhou Station of SIO, SOA has the capability to receive FY-1 and AVHRR data since 1989. It was also a SeaWiFS scientific research station authorized by NASA,USA to free receive SeaWiFS data from 16 September 1997. In the recent years, the local algorithms of atmospheric correction and inversion of ocean color have been developed for FY-1C and SeaWiFS, to improve the accuracy of the measurement from satellites efficiently. The satellite data are being applied to monitor coastal water environment, such as the spatial distribution of chlorophyll, suspended material and yellow substance, red tide detection and coastal current study. The results show that the ocean color remote sensing has latent capacity in the detection of coastal water environment.In consideration of the update technique progress of ocean color remote sensing and its more important role in the detection of coastal water in the 2000s, some suggestions are set forth, which would be beneficial to the design of a cheaper but practical coastal water detection system for marine environment preservation. | Pan Delu 1,2 , Mao Tianming 1, Li Shujing 1,Huang Haiqing 11 .LaboratoryofOceanDynamicProcessesandSatelliteOceanographyofStateOceanicAdministration ,Hangzhou310 0 12 ,China 2 .LaboratoryofSubmarineGeosciencesofStateOceanicAdministration ,Hangzhou 3 | 2001 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2001,20,1: | 16 |
| 3 | Aspects of microstructure in low carbon steels produced by the CSP process显示文摘The solidification structure, microstructure evolution during rolling and precipitates with nanometers in dimension of thelow carbon steels produced by CSP process with thin slabs have been studied in recent years. Important differences in microstructureand mechanical properties between the CSP products and the conventional one were observed. These differences may arise from themuch rapider solidification rate and cooling rate after casting of the thin slabs. Some aspects of the microstructure for the low carbonsteels of the CSP thin slabs are summarized and compared with the conventional one. | Delu Liu, Xiangdong Huo, Yuanli Wang, and Xianwen SunMaterials Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China | 2003 | Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing2003,10,4: | 14 |
| 4 | Oxide and Sulfide Dispersive Precipitation in Ultra-low Carbon Steels显示文摘 | Delu Liu, Xangdong Huo, Yuanli Wang, Jie Fu, Yongin Kang, Nanjing Chen 1 ) Materials Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Bejing 100083, China 2) Metallurgy School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Bei | 2001 | Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing2001,8,4: | 10 |
| 5 | Study of coastal water zone ecosystem health in Zhejiang Province based on remote sensing data and GIS显示文摘The coastal ecosystem health assessment is a field of increasing importance.In this paper,a preliminary assessment of ecosystem health in Zhejiang coastal water zone was made,mainly based on remote sensing data and GIS technique.Its spatial and quantitative evaluation was facilitated by the progress of remote sensing and GIS technique development.Firstly,human activities,hydrology and ecosystem problems in the study area were discussed and analyzed.Secondly,from 4 aspects of human stress,physical,chemical and biological responses to anthropogenic activities and natural stress,several indicators such as water transparency(Secchi Disk Depth,SDD),suspended substance concentration,dissolved inorganic nitrogen,active phosphate,chlorophyll,harmful algae bloom,as well as distribution of sewage,sea lanes and port were employed.Thirdly,the Analytic Hierarchical Process was used for indicator weight calculation,and the ecosystem health criteria were established according to the integrative analysis of national water quality criteria,similar coastal ecosystem health research in other places or data inherent properties.The results indicated that from 2005 to 2007 the coastal water ecosystem health value in Zhejiang Province was unhealthy and needs ecological restoration by human intervention. | CHEN Zhenghua PAN Delu BAI Yan | 2010 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2010,29,5: | 9 |
| 6 | Improving the wind and wave estimation of dual-frequency altimeter JASON1 in Typhoon Shanshan and considering the rain effects显示文摘Altimetry data have been widely used in various fields of oceanography,including the extreme weather events such as tropical cyclones,typhoons,and hurricanes. The performance of JASON1 in Typhoon Shanshan is assessed by examining the sensor geophysical data record and illustrates how the measured return waveform,significant wave height,and backscatter are all affected by various factors associated with the typhoon,with details by the rain are illustrated. The correction method to maintain accurate wave height and wind speed measurements in Typhoon Shanshan and the results are presented. Furthermore,the additional results of rain rate and typhoon eye diameter can be retrieved. Because of the lack of in-situ measurements of wind,wave,and rain rate at Typhoon Shanshan,results are compared with the forecasted typhoon data and a good agreement is found. | YANG Le LIN Mingsen ZOU Juhong LI Zhenghua PAN Delu | 2008 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2008,27,5: | 6 |
| 7 | The black water around the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary in the spring of 2003显示文摘The Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary is located in the East China Sea shelf with shallow water. Affected by the tide mixing and the runoff of the Changjiang River and the Qiantang River, the turbidity is very high. Generally, the water-leaving radiance is high in the turbid water because of the large particle scattering. Based on the in-situ data and ocean color remote sensing data of SeaWiFS, it was found that there was a black water region with the normalized water-leaving radiances less than 0.5 mW/(cm2·μm2·sr). The optical principle of the occurrence of this black water was analyzed by the inherent optical properties and the ocean color components. The results show that black water is caused by the relative low values of the suspended particle matter concentration and the back scattering ratio. In the black water region, the percentage of the phytoplankton absorption was relatively high, and the large size of the phytoplankton caused the low value of the particle backscattering ratio. | BAI Yan HE Xianqiang PAN Delu ZHU Qiankun GONG Fang | 2009 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2009,28,4: | 6 |
| 8 | A general purpose exact Rayleigh scattering look-up table for ocean color remote sensing显示文摘The current exact Rayleigh scattering calculation of ocean color remote sensing uses the look-up table (LUT), which is usually created for a special remote sensor and cannot be applied to other sensors. For practical application, a general purpose Rayleigh scattering LUT which can be applied to all ocean color remote sensors is generated. An adding-doubling method to solve the vector radiative transfer equation in the plane-parallel atmosphere is deduced in detail. Compared with the exact Rayleigh scattering radiance derived from the MODIS exact Rayleigh scattering LUT, it is proved that the relative error of Rayleigh scattering calculation with the adding-doubling method is less than 0.25%, which meets the required accuracy of the atmospheric correction of ocean color remote sensing. Therefore, the adding-doubling method can be used to generate the exact Rayleigh scattering LUT for the ocean color remote sensors. Finally, the general purpose exact Rayleigh scattering LUT is generated using the adding-doubling method. On the basis of the general purpose LUT, the calculated Rayleigh scattering radiance is tested by comparing with the LUTs of MODIS, SeaWiFS and the other ocean color sensors, showing that the relative errors are all less than 0.5%, and this general purpose LUT can be applied to all ocean color remote sensors. | HE Xianqiang PAN Delu BAI Yan GONG Fang | 2006 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2006,25,1: | 5 |
| 9 | Speciation of iron in atmospheric particulate matter by EXAFS显示文摘The study on elemental speciation in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is important for understanding the formation and origin of pollution and evaluating their toxicity. In this paper,the speci- ation of iron in atmospheric PM was investigated with extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra based on synchrotron radiation. The chemi- cal components of PM can be calculated by regres- sion analysis of EXAFS spectra. This is a non-destructive method. In order to have knowledge of the influence of chemical components on EXAFS spectra,we prepared a series of mixed reference samples,and proved the precision of method is good. The PM samples with different particle sizes and from different sampling sites were collected in Shanghai,China. The chemical components of the samples were calculated by regression analysis of EXAFS spectra. The results show that the iron in all PM samples mainly consist of Fe2O3,Fe3O4 and Fe2(SO4)3,but their proportions are different in dif- ferent samples. The changes of components among PM samples were observed preliminarily. The con- centrations of iron in the samples were determined by proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique. It is observed that the concentrations of iron in the sam- ples of iron and steel industrial district were much higher than those of other districts,and chemical components were also different from those of others. | WANG Yinsong LI Aiguo ZHANG Yuanxun XIE Yaning LI Delu LI Yan ZHANG Guilin | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006,51,18: | 5 |
| 10 | The ninth-mode sectorial oscillation of acoustically levitated drops显示文摘We report on the ninth-mode sectorial oscillation of acoustically levitated drops excited by actively modulating sound pressure. A numerical computation based on the level set method was performed to model drop shape evolution by solving an incompressible two-phase flow problem. The calculated shapes of the oscillating drop are in good agreement with experimental observations. The relationship between the oscillation frequency and parameters describing the flattened drops is studied both experimentally and numerically. The frequency of the ninth-mode sectorial oscillation decreases with increasing equatorial radius and can be well-described by a modified Rayleigh equation. | YAN ZhenLin XIE WenJun GENG DeLu WEI BingBo | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011,56,31: | 5 |
| 11 | The satellite reversion of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) based on the analysis of the mixing behavior of DOC and colored dissolved organic matter: the East China Sea as an example显示文摘The retrieval of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) distribution by remote sensing is mainly based on the empirical relationship of DOC concentration and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) concentration in many literatures. To investigate the nature of this relationship, the distributions and mixing behaviors of DOC and CDOM are reviewed in the world's major estuaries and bays. It is found that, generally, the CDOM concentration is well correlated with the salinity in most estuaries, while DOC usually shows a nonconservative behavior which leads to a weak correlation between the DOC concentration and the CDOM concentration. To establish a good satellite reversion of the DOC concentration, the East China Sea(ECS) was taken as an example, and the mixing behavior of DOC and CDOM as well as the influence of biogeochemical processes were analyzed except for the physical mixing process with the data from late autumn (November, 2010) and winter (December, 2009) cruises. In the two ECS cruises, the CDOM concentration was found to be tightly correlated with the salinity, influenced little by the photochemical or biological processes. The data from the winter cruise show that DOC followed a conservative mixing along the salinity gradient, while in the late autumn cruise it was significantly affected by the biological activities, resulting in a poor correlation between the DOC and the CDOM. Accordingly, an improved DOC algorithm (CSDM) was proposed: when the biological influence was significant (Chl a greater than 0.8 μg/dm3 ), DOC was retrieved by the conservative and biological model, and if the conservative mixing was dominant (Chl a less than 0.8 μg/dm3 ), the direct DOC concentration and CDOM concentration relationship was used. Based on the proposed algorithm, a reasonable DOC distribution for the ECS from satellite was obtained in this study, and the proposed method can be applied to the other large river-dominant marginal sea. | LIU Qiong PAN Delu BAI Yan WU Kai CHEN Chen-Tung Arthur SUN Jun ZHANG Lin | 2013 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2013,32,2: | 5 |
| 12 | Introduction to the airborne marine surveillance platform and its application to water quality monitoring in China显示文摘China Marine Surveillance Force was equipped with modern aerial equipments for marine law-execute with the advantage of functioning agilely at a large scale of surveillance coverage,providing powerful all-round safeguard,which is of benefit to the harmonious and sustainable development of coastal economy.Onboard the planes,three kinds of remote sensing sensors have been installed,including a marine airborne multi-spectrum scanner(MAMS),an optical-electronic platform,and an airborne hyper-spectral system AISA+.The specifications of remote sensing platforms were introduced briefly first,then examples of water quality monitoring by airborne remote sensing were presented,including the monitoring in coastal suspended material,oil-spill and abnormal warm water,etc. | WANG Difeng GONG Fang PAN Delu HAO Zengzhou ZHU Qiankun | 2010 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2010,29,2: | 5 |
| 13 | Study on oil–source correlation by analyzing organic geochemistry characteristics: a case study of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the south of Ordos Basin, China显示文摘In the south of the Ordos Basin, the oil source of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation is confused all the time, which affects further exploration. In this study, oil sources from the oil layers of Ch6, Ch8 and Ch9 are all analyzed and confirmed. Through their carbon isotope value and biomarkers, characteristics of crude oils from the Yanchang Formation are analyzed. Then, the oil–source relation is discussed, with the source rocks' features.Finally, the oil–source relation is calculated through cluster analysis. It is believed that the oils from the Yanchang Formation deposit in a similar redox environment, with weak oxidation–weak reduction, and have all entered maturity stage. Ch9 crude oil is more mature than crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8, and has more advanced plants and fewer algae. Gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS) analysis show that crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 may come from Ch7, and Ch9 crude oil may not. Cluster analysis displays that crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 have closer squared Euclidean distance with Ch7 source rocks than Ch9 crude oil does,indicating crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 stem from Ch7 source rocks. And Ch9 crude oil has rather close squared Euclidean distance with Ch9 source rocks, illustrating Ch9 crude oil may be from Ch9 source rocks. This research may provide the theoretical basis for the next exploration deploy in the south of Ordos Basin. | Delu Li Rongxi Li Baoping Wang Zhi Liu Xiaoli Wu Futian Liu Bangsheng Zhao Jinghua Cheng Wenbin Kang | 2016 | Acta Geochimica2016,35,4: | 5 |
| 14 | Vector radiative transfer numerical model of coupled ocean-atmosphere system using matrix-operator method显示文摘A vector radiative transfer numerical model of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system is developed based on the matrix-operator method, which is named PCOART. Using the Fourier analysis, the vector radiative transfer equation (VRTE) is separated into a set of equations depending only on the observa-tion zenith angle. Using the Gaussian-Quadrature method, VRTE is finally transferred into the matrix equation solved by the adding-doubling method. According to the reflective and refractive properties of the ocean-atmosphere interface, the vector radiative transfer numerical model of the ocean and at-mosphere is coupled in PCOART. Compared with the exact Rayleigh scattering look-up tables of MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), it is shown that PCOART is an exactly numerical model, and the processing methods of the multi-scattering and polarization are correct. Also, validated with the standard problems of the radiative transfer in water, it is shown that PCOART can be used to calculate the underwater radiative transfer problems. Therefore, PCOART is a useful tool for exactly calculating the vector radiative transfer of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system, which can be used to study the polarization properties of the radiance in the whole ocean-atmosphere system and the remote sensing of the atmosphere and ocean. | HE XianQiang PAN DeLu BAI Yan ZHU QianKun GONG Fang | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007,50,3: | 5 |
| 15 | Effects of Ti addition on low carbon hot strips produced by CSP process显示文摘Large quantity of fine Ti(C,N) particles, 15-30 nm in size, were observed in low carbon hot strips added to a small amount of Ti and produced by CSP process. The results showed that the precipitation of Ti(C,N) mostly took place during soaking and hot rolling, which is significantly different from that in the conventional production. These fine Ti carbonitride particles could be very effective on the austenite grain refinement by hindering grain growth of recrystallized austenite. Their precipitation behavior was discussed and compared with that of the steels produced in the conventional production. | Mingzhuo Bai Delu Liu Yanzhi Lou Xinping Mao Liejun Li Xiangdong Huo | 2006 | Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing2006,13,3: | 4 |
| 16 | Rapid solidification of acoustically levitated Al-Cu-Si eutectic alloy under laser irradiation显示文摘Al-27%Cu-5.3%Si ternary eutectic alloy was melted using a YAG laser and then solidified while being acoustically levitated. A maximum undercooling to 195 K (0.24 TL) was achieved with a cooling rate of 76 K/s. The solidification microstructure was composed of (Al+θ+Si) ternary eutectics and (Al+θ) pseudobinary eutectics. During acoustic levitation, the (Al+θ+Si) ternary eutectics are refined and the (Al+θ) pseudobinary eutectics have morphological diversity. On the surface of the alloys, surface oscillations and acoustic streaming promote the nucleation of the three eutectic phases and expedite the cooling process. This results in the refinement of the ternary eutectic microstructure. During experiments, the reflector decreases with increasing alloy temperature, and the levitation distance always exceeds the resonant distance. Because of the acoustic radiation pressure, the melted alloy was flattened, and deformation increases with increasing sound pressure. The maximum aspect ratio achieved was 6.64, corresponding to a sound pressure of 1.8×104 Pa. | YAN Na GENG DeLu HONG ZhenYu WEI BingBo | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011,56,9: | 4 |
| 17 | Preliminary study on the orbit cross-calibration of CMODIS by SeaWiFS显示文摘China launched its third spaceship SZ 3 in March, 2002 on which the main remote sensor is the Chinese moderate imaging spectra radiometer (CMODIS). In this paper the properties of CMODIS are firstly introduced briefly. Then, the theory and algorithm of cross calibration for CMODIS ocean color channels by the sea viewing wide field of view sensor (SeaWiFS) data are discussed in detail. The total radiance (TOA) of four quasi synchronized crossing ocean areas simulated by SeaWiFS and measured by CMODIS are compared and the calibration coefficients are derived from the relationship between them. Finally, the in situ water leaving radiance data are used to validate the calibration results. The results show that the cross calibration method could provide reasonable precision for ocean color measurement. | PAN Delu*, HE Xianqiang and MAO Tianming(Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamic Processes and Satellite Oceanography, SOA, Hangzhou 310012, China) | 2003 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2003,13,10: | 4 |
| 18 | Progress in the application of ocean color remote sensing in China显示文摘After many years' endeavor of research and application practice,the ocean color remote sensing in China has been growing into a new technique with valuable practicality from its initiate stage of trial research.With the aim of operational service,several kinds of ocean color remote sensing application systems have been developed and realized the long-term marine environmental monitoring utilizing the real-time or near real-time satellite and airborne remote sensing data.New progresses in the technology and application of ocean color remote sensing in China are described,including the research of key techniques and the development of various application systems.Meanwhile,according to the application status and demand,the prospective development of Chinese ocean color remote sensing is brought forward.With Chinese second ocean color satellite(HY-1B)orbiting on 11 April 2007 and the development of airborne ocean color remote sensing system for Chinese surveillance planes,great strides will take place in Chinese ocean color remote sensing application with the unique function in marine monitoring,resources management and national security,etc. | PAN Delu BAI Yan | 2008 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2008,27,4: | 3 |
| 19 | Optical detection of Prorocentrum donghaiense blooms based on multispectral reflectance显示文摘Prorocentrum donghaiense is one of the most common red tide causative dinoflagellates in the Changjiang(Yangtze)River Estuary and the adjacent area of the East China Sea.It causes large-scale blooms in late spring and early summer that lead to widespread ecologic and economic damage.A means for distinguishing dinoflagellate blooms from diatom(Skeletonema costatum)blooms is desired.On the basis of measurements of remote sensing reflectance[Rrs(λ)]and inherent optical parameters,the potential of using a multispectral approach is assessed for discriminating the algal blooms due to P.donghaiense from those due to S.costatum.The behavior of two reflectance ratios[R1=Rrs(560)/Rrs(532)and R2=Rrs(708)/Rrs(665)],suggests that differentiation of P.donghaiense blooms from diatom bloom types is possible from the current band setup of ocean color sensors.It is found that there are two reflectance ratio regimes that indicate a bloom is dominated by P.donghaiense:(1)R1>1.55 and R2<1.0 or(2)R1>1.75 and R21.0.Various sensitivity analyses are conducted to investigate the effects of the variation in varying levels of chlorophyll concentration and colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM)as well as changes in the backscattering ratio(bbp/bp)on the efficacy of this multispectral approach.Results indicate that the intensity and inherent optical properties of the algal species explain much of the behavior of the two ratios.Although backscattering influences the amplitude of Rrs(λ),especially in the 530 and 560 nm bands,the discrimination between P.donghaiense and diatoms is not significantly affected by the variation of bbp/bp.Since aCDOM(440)in coastal areas of the ECS is typically lower than 1.0 m 1in most situations,the presence of CDOM does not interfere with this discrimination,even as SCDOM varies from 0.01 to 0.026 nm 1.Despite all of these effects,the discrimination of P.donghaiense blooms from diatom blooms based on multispectral measurements of Rrs(λ)is feasible. | TAO Bangyi PAN Delu MAO Zhihua SHEN Yuzhang ZHU Qiankun CHEN Jianyu | 2013 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2013,32,10: | 3 |
| 20 | The proportions and variations of the light absorption coefficients of major ocean color components in the East China Sea显示文摘The East China Sea (ECS),one of the largest continental seas,has dynamic hydrology and complex optical characteristics that make ocean color remote-sensing retrieval difficult.The distributions and proportions of the light absorption coefficients of major ocean color components based on two large-scale investigations in the ECS are presented,showing these features in typical summer and winter seasons.The absorption coefficient a CDOM,a NAP and a phy of colored dissolved organic matter,non-algal particle,and pigment of phytoplankton show a decreasing trend from the coast to the outer shelf.According to the a CDOM distribution at 440 nm,the Changjiang River plume shows an abnormal southeastward transport.An extremely high a NAP value patch at 440 nm is present in the middle coast.The chlorophyll-a-specific phytoplankton pigment absorption (a phy) is much higher in winter than in summer,which may cause serious underestimated results when applying the averaged a phy into remote-sensing algorithms for chlorophyll concentration retrieval.The importance of phytoplankton size was evident in outer shelf waters.The absorption of a CDOM (440) is a dominant component accounting for over half of the total seawater absorption in summer.The a NAP (440) accounts for 64% of the absorption of the ECS coastal area in winter. | LEI Hui PAN Delu BAI Yan TAO Bangyi SUN Jun ZHANG Lin ZHANG Xuan | 2012 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2012,31,2: | 3 |