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| 1 | Basic performance of BeiDou-2 navigation satellite system used in LEO satellites precise orbit determination显示文摘The visibility for low earth orbit(LEO) satellites provided by the BeiDou-2 system is analyzed and compared with the global positioning system(GPS). In addition, the spaceborne receivers' observations are simulated by the BeiDou satellites broadcast ephemeris and LEO satellites orbits. The precise orbit determination(POD) results show that the along-track component accuracy is much better over the service area than the non-service area, while the accuracy of the other two directions keeps at the same level over different areas. However, the 3-dimensional(3D) accuracy over the two areas shows almost no difference. Only taking into consideration the observation noise and navigation satellite ephemeris errors, the 3D accuracy of the POD is about30 cm. As for the precise relative orbit determination(PROD), the 3D accuracy is much better over the eastern hemisphere than that of the western hemisphere. The baseline length accuracy is 3.4 mm over the service area, and it is still better than 1 cm over the non-service area. This paper demonstrates that the BeiDou regional constellation could provide global service to LEO satellites for the POD and the PROD. Finally, the benefit of geostationary earth orbit(GEO) satellites is illustrated for POD. | Liu Junhong Gu Defeng Ju Bing Yao Jing Duan Xiaojun Yi Dongyun | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2014,27,5: | 9 |
| 2 | A preliminary analysis of the surface chemistry of atmospheric aerosol particles in a typical urban area of Beijing显示文摘Atmospheric aerosol particle samples were collected using an Ambient Eight Stage(Non-Viable) Cascade Impactor Sampler in a typical urban area of Beijing from 27 th Sep.to 5th Oct.,2009.The surface chemistry of these aerosol particles was analyzed using Static Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(Static TOF-SIMS).The factors influencing surface compositions were evaluated in conjunction with the air pollution levels,meteorological factors,and air mass transport for the sampling period.The results show that a variety of organic ion groups and inorganic ions/ion groups were accumulated on the surfaces of aerosol particles in urban areas of Beijing;and hydrophobic organic compounds with short-or middle-chain alkyl as well as hydrophilic secondary inorganic compounds were observed.All these compounds have the potential to affect the atmospheric behavior of urban aerosol particles.PM1.1–2.1and PM3.3–4.7had similar elements on their surfaces,but some molecules and ionic groups demonstrated differences in Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry spectra.This suggests that the quantities of elements varied between PM1.1–2.1and PM3.3–4.7.In particular,more intense research efforts into fluoride pollution are required,because the fluorides on aerosol surfaces have the potential to harm human health.The levels of air pollution had the most significant influence on the surface compositions of aerosol particles in our study.Hence,heavier air pollution was associated with more complex surface compositions on aerosol particles.In addition,wind,rainfall,and air masses from the south also greatly influenced the surface compositions of these urban aerosol particles. | Zhengzheng Zhang Hong Li Hongyan Liu Runxiang Ni Jinjuan Li Liqun Deng Defeng Lu Xueli Cheng Pengli Duan Wenjun Li | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016,28,9: | 5 |
| 3 | TOF–SIMS surface analysis of chemical components of size–fractioned urban aerosols in a typical heavy air pollution event in Beijing显示文摘Size–fractioned atmospheric aerosol particles were collected during a typical heavy air pollution event in Beijing. The organic and inorganic components on the surfaces of the samples were analyzed using time–of–flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF–SIMS).The variation characteristics of the surface chemical composition and influencing factors were studied, and the possible sources of these chemical compositions were identified through principal component analysis. The results showed that inorganic components such as crustal elements and sulfate, and organic components such as aliphatic hydrocarbons and oxygen–containing organic groups were present. Some surface components, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals and fluorides may exert adverse effects on human health. The species and relative percentages of the chemical components varied with particle size, diurnal and pollution progress. During a heavy pollution event, the species and relative percentages of secondary components such as oxygen–containing organic groups and sulfurous compounds increased, indicating that particles aged during this event. The surface chemical composition of the aerosol particles was affected mainly by emissions from coal combustion and motor vehicles. In addition, air pollution, meteorological factors, and air mass transport also exerted a significant effect on the surface chemical composition of aerosol particles. | Wenjun Li Hong Li Jinjuan Li Xueli Cheng Zhengzheng Zhang Fahe Chai Hao Zhang Ting Yang Pengli Duan Defeng Lu Yizhen Chen | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018,30,7: | 2 |
| 4 | Characterization of copper/zinc-super oxide dismutase from Pagrus major cDNA and enzymc stability显示文摘 | KEN Chuianfu WENG Defeng DUAN Kowjen | 2002 | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry2002,50,4: | 1 |
| 5 | Normalized fatigue properties of asphalt mixture at various temperatures显示文摘This study normalized the mixture's fatigue behavior at various temperatures,and the strength and fatigue tests of the mixture were conducted.The stress state of the asphalt mixture includes direct tensile,uniaxial compression,and indirect tensile.The Desai yield surface and fatigue path were proposed.And a normalized fatigue characteristics model of the mixture was established.The following conclusions were obtained.With the increases in the loading rate,the strength of the asphalt mixture increased.As the temperature increases,the strength of the mixture is reduced.At various temperatures and rates,the strength forms a closed curved surface.The Desai strength yield surface was established,which forms a closed curved surface.When the loading rate and temperature are below a certain critical line,the asphalt mixture will not undergo strength damage.At a fixed stress state,the fatigue damage path of the mixture was determined.The stress ratio was determined considering the influence of the loading rate.In this way,a normalized model can be described to express the asphalt mixture fatigue properties at various temperatures and stress levels.For the asphalt mixture in an indirect tensile state,the normalized fatigue equation parameter is 4.09.This model is more suitable for reflecting the viscous-elastic behavior of the mixtures than the fatigue equation determined by the notional stress ratio. | Dongdong Ge Zihao Ju Defeng Duan Songtao Lyu Weiwei Lu Chaochao Liu | 2023 | Journal of Road Engineering2023,3,3: | 0 |
| 6 | Precise orbit determination for TH02-02 satellites based on BDS3 and GPS observations显示文摘The Tianhui-202(TH02-02)satellite formation,as a supplement to the microwave mapping satellite system Tianhui-201(TH02-01),is the first Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(InSAR)satellite formation-flying system that supports the tracking of BeiDou global navigation Satellite system(BDS3)new B1C and B2a signals.Meanwhile,the twin TH02-02 satellites also support the tracking of Global Positioning System(GPS)L1&L2 and BDS B1I&B3I signals.As the spaceborne receiver employs two independent boards to track the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)satellites,we design an orbit determination strategy by estimating independent receiver clock offsets epoch by epoch for each GNSS to realize the multi-GNSS data fusion from different boards.The performance of the spaceborne receiver is evaluated and the contribution of BDS3 to the kinematic and reduced-dynamic Precise Orbit Determination(POD)of TH02-02 satellites is investigated.The tracking data onboard shows that the average number of available BDS3 and GPS satellites are 8.7 and 9.1,respectively.The carrier-to-noise ratio and carrier phase noise of BDS3 B1C and B2a signals are comparable to those of GPS.However,strong azimuth-related systematic biases are recognized in the pseudorange multipath errors of B1C and B3I.The pseudorange noise of BDS3 signals is better than that of GPS after eliminating the multipath errors from specific signals.Taking the GPS-based reduced-dynamic orbit with single-receiver ambiguity fixing technique as a reference,the results of BDS3-only and BDS3+GPS combined POD are assessed.The Root Mean Square(RMS)of orbit comparison of BDS3-based kinematic and reduced-dynamic POD with reference orbit are better than 7 cm and 3 cm in three-Dimensional direction(3D).The POD performance based on B1C&B2a data is comparable to that based on B1I&B3I.The precision of BDS3+GPS combined kinematic orbit can reach up to 3 cm(3D RMS),which has a more than 25%improvement relative to the GPS-only solution.In addition,the consistency between the BDS3+GPS combined reduced-dynamic orbit and the GPS-based ambiguity-fixed orbit is better than 1.5 cm(3D RMS). | Houzhe ZHANG Bing JU Defeng GU Ying LIU Kai SHAO Xiaojun DUAN Zhiyong HUANG | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2023,36,5: | 0 |