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| 1 | Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of norovirus gastroenteritis among hospitalized children in Lebanon显示文摘AIM To assess the burden of norovirus(No V) and to determine the diversity of circulating strains among hospitalized children in Lebanon. METHODS Stool samples were collected from children presenting with acute gastroenteritis to six major hospitals in Lebanon. A total of 739 eligible stool samples, testing negative for diarrhea caused by rotavirus as a possible viral pathogen, were collected between January 2011 and June 2013. A standardized questionnaire including demographic, epidemiological and clinical observations was used at the time of hospitalization of children presenting with diarrhea. Viral RNA was extracted from stool samples followed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing of a fragment of the viral protein 1 capsid gene. Multiple sequence alignments were carried out and phylogenetic trees were constructed using the MEGA 6 software.RESULTS Overall, 11.2% of stool samples collected from children aged < 5 years tested positive for No V genogroups Ⅰ(GⅠ) and Ⅱ(GⅡ). GⅡ accounted for 10.6% of the gastroenteritis cases with only five samples being positive for GⅠ(0.7%). The majority of hospitalized children showed symptoms of diarrhea, dehydration, vomiting and fever. Upon sequencing of positive samples and based on their clustering in the phylogenetic tree, 4/5 of GⅠ gastroenteritis cases were designated GⅠ.3 and one case as GⅠ.4. GⅡ.4 was predominantly detected in stool of our study participants(68%). We report a JB-15/KOR/2008 GⅡ.4 Apeldoorn 2008-like variant strain circulating in 2011; this strain was replaced between 2012 and 2013 by a variant sharing homology with the Sydney/NSW0514/2012/AUS GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 and Sydney 2012/FRA GⅡ.4 strains. We also report the co-circulation of non-GⅡ.4 genotypes among hospitalized children. Our data show that No V gastroenteritis can occur throughout the year with the highest number of cases detected during the hot months.CONCLUSION The majority of No V-associated viral gastroenteritis cases among our participants are attributable to GⅡ.4, which is compatible with results reported worldwide. | Nada M Melhem Hassan Zaraket Khalil Kreidieh Zeinab Ali Moza Hammadi Soha Ghanem Farah Hajar Amjad Haidar Adlette Inati Mariam Rajab Hassan Fakhouri Bassam Ghanem Ghassan Baasiri Ghassan Dbaibo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，48： | 3 |
| 2 | Congenital heart disease at a tertiary care center in Lebanon 显示文摘 | Bitar FF Baltaji N Dbaibo G | 1999 | Middle East J Anesthesiol1999，15，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Apoptosis and the activity of ceramide, Bax and Bcl - 2 in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to limit- ed and prolonged hyperoxia 显示文摘 | Husari AW Dbaibo GS Bitar H | 2006 | Respir Res2006，，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Arsenic-interferon-α- triggered apoptosis in HTLV-Ⅰ transformed cells is associated with tax down-regulation and reversal of NF-K B activation 显示文摘 | El-Sabban ME Nasr R Dbaibo G | 2000 | Blood2000，96，8： | 1 |
| 5 | Arsenic interferon alphatriggered apoptosis in HTLV-I transformed cells is associated with tax down-regulation and reversal of NF-kappa B activation 显示文摘 | El Sabban ME Nasr R Dbaibo G | 2000 | Blood2000，96，： | 1 |
| 6 | Apoptosis and the activity of ceramide, Bax and Bcl-2 in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to limited and prolonged hyperexia 显示文摘 | Husari AW Dbaibo GS Bitar H | 2006 | Respir Res2006，7，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Apoptosis and the activity of neonatal rats exposed to limited and prolonged hyperoxia 显示文摘 | Husari AW Dbaibo GB Bitai H | 2006 | Respir Res2006，7，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Ceramide activates the stress-activated protein kinases显示文摘 | Westwick JK Bielawska AE Dbaibo G | | 0，，39： | 1 |
| 9 | Apoptosis and the activity of ceramide,Bax and Bel-2 in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to limited and prolonged hyperoxia显示文摘 | Husari AW Dbaibo GS Bitar H | 2006 | Respir Res2006，7，： | 1 |
| 10 | Old and new targets of antibacterial therapy显示文摘 | | 2000 | J Med Liban2000，48，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Apoptosis and the activity of ceramide, Bax and Bcl-2 in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to limited and prolonged hyperoxia 显示文摘 | Husari AW Dbaibo GS Bitar H | 2006 | Respir Res2006，7，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Paediatric infective endocarditis:19-year experience at a tertiary care hospital in a developing country 显示文摘 | Bitar FF Jawdi RA Dbaibo GS | 2000 | Acta Paediatr2000，89，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Apoptosis and theactivity of ceramide,Bax and Bcl-2in the lungs of neonatal ratsexposed to limited and prolonged hyperoxia显示文摘 | Husari AW Dbaibo GS Bitar H | 2006 | Respir Res2006，7，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Paediatric infective endocarditis: 19-year experience at a tertiary care hospital in a developing country显示文摘 | Bitar FF Jawdi RA Dbaibo GS | 2000 | Acta Paediatr2000，89，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Apoptosis and the activity of ceramide,Bax and Bcl-2 in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to limited and prolonged hyperoxia显示文摘 | Husari AW Dbaibo GS Bitar H | 2006 | Respir Res2006，26，7： | 1 |
| 16 | Apoptosis and theactivity of ceramide,Bax and Bcl-2 in the lungs of neonamlrats exposed to limited and prolonged hyperoxia显示文摘 | Husari AW Dbaibo GS Bitar al | 2006 | RespirRts2006，7，： | 1 |
| 17 | Apoptosis and the activity of ceramide, Bax and Bcl-2 in the lungs of neo- natal rats exposed to limited and prolonged hyperoxia 显示文摘 | Husari AW Dbaibo GS Bitar H | 2006 | Respir Res2006，7，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Ceramide generation by two distinct pathways in tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced cell death显示文摘 | Dbaibo GS El-Assaad W Krikorian A | 2001 | FEBS Lett2001，503，： | 1 |
| 19 | Meningococcal serogroups A, C, W-135, and Y tetanus toxoid conjugate vac- cine: a new conjugate vaccine against invasive meningococcal disease 显示文摘 | Hedari CP Khinkarly RW Dbaibo GS | 2014 | Infect Drug Resist2014，7，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Meningococcal serogreups A, C, W-135, and Y tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine: a new conjugate vaccine against invasive meningococcal disease 显示文摘 | Hedari CP Khinkarly RW Dbaibo GS | 2014 | Infect Drug Resist2014，7，： | 1 |
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