|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 雷电对航天飞行器作业的影响显示文摘传统上,飞机受雷击并不是飞行安全的主要问题。然而,由于合成材料使用不断增加和在飞行关键系统中使用数字航空电子系统,就要求在这类飞行器的设计中含有更专门的防雷措施以保证现有运输机比较好的雷电安全记录。另外,最近发生的一些不幸事故,其中最引人注目的是1987年3月在佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角空军基地大力神-半人马座A/C67飞行器的损失,表明飞机和运载火箭是十分容易遭受飞行器触发雷电现象的。本文评述美国航空航天局风暴危害计划(SHP)中在与飞机遭到雷击有关的大气现象方面得到的一些新发现。把这些资料与近期业务飞行飞机的雷击结果作了比较。最后,总括给出了NASA和美国国防部正在使用的新的触发闪电的“升空保障准则”(LCC)(下面称升空准则)。NASA的研究资料说明在雷暴中直接雷击飞行器的最大几率发生在环境温度约为—40℃左右。在这种环境中,相对降水和扰动强度可以忽略或比较弱。然而,业务飞行资料说明在日常作业中,大多数飞机雷击发生在温度在冻结层附近的非积雨云中。迄今非雷暴环境还不曾是空中飞行专门的闪电研究对象。 | Bruce D.Fisher 郭昌明 | 1991 | 气象科技1991，19，6： | 3 |
| 2 | The influentials:new approaches for analyzing influence on twitter显示文摘 | A.Leavitt E.Burchard D.Fisher S.Gilbert | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 3 | Identifying exemplary science teachers through their classroom interactions with students显示文摘 | Waldrip B D.Fisher | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Validation of the age-adjusted shock index for pediatric casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan显示文摘Background: Pediatric casualties account for a notable proportion of encounters in the deployed setting based on the humanitarian medical care mission. Previously published data demonstrates that an age-adjust shock index may be a useful tool in predicting massive transfusion and death in children. We seek to determine if those previous findings are applicable to the deployed, combat trauma setting.Methods: We queried the Department of Defense Trauma Registry(DODTR) for all pediatric subjects admitted to US and Coalition fixed-facility hospitals in Iraq and Afghanistan from January 2007 to January 2016. This was a secondary analysis of casualties seeking to validate previously published data using the shock index, pediatric age adjusted. We then used previously published thresholds to determine patients outcome for validation by age grouping, 1–3 years(1.2), 4–6 years(1.2), 7–12 years(1.0), 13–17 years(0.9).Results: From January 2007 through January 2016 there were 3439 pediatric casualties of which 3145 had a documented heart rate and systolic pressure. Of those 502(16.0%) underwent massive transfusion and 226(7.2%) died prior to hospital discharge. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) thresholds were inconsistent across age groups ranging from 1.0 to 1.9 with generally limited area under the curve(AUC) values for both massive transfusion and death prediction characteristics. Using the previously defined thresholds for validation, we reported sensitivity and specificity for the massive transfusion by age-group: 1–3(0.73, 0.35), 4–6(0.63, 0.60), 7–12(0.80, 0.57), 13–17(0.77, 0.62). For death, 1–3(0.75, 0.34), 4–6(0.66–0.59), 7–12(0.64, 0.52), 13–17(0.70, 0.57). However, negative predictive values(NPV) were generally high with all greater than 0.87.Conclusions: Within the combat setting, the age-adjusted pediatric shock index had moderate sensitivity and relatively poor specificity for predicting massive transfusion and death. Better scoring systems are needed to predict resource needs prior to arrival, that perhaps include other physiologic metrics. We were unable to validate the previously published findings within the combat trauma population. | Camaren M.Cuenca Matthew A.Borgman Michael D.April Andrew D.Fisher Steven G.Schauer | 2021 | Military Medical Research2021，8，1： | 0 |
| 5 | Electric scooter injuries:Incidence and injury patterns at a level I trauma center显示文摘Purpose:Electric scooters(e-scooters)have become an increasingly popular mode of public transportation in recent years.As the incidence of related injuries rises,it is important to understand specific fracture patterns unique to e-scooters and electric bikes(e-bikes)to help guide management.The purpose of this study was to review the prevalence and describe specific fracture patterns of e-scooter and ebike related injuries at the busiest level 1 trauma center in the borough of Manhattan.Methods:Chart review to determine mechanism of injury was performed on all patients for whom an orthopedic consult was requested from 1/1/2021 to 12/31/2021.All patients whose injuries were sustained due to an e-scooter or e-bike were further reviewed for demographics,injury characteristics including fracture pattern,and definitive injury management.Any patients who had an orthopedic consult placed for a reason other than an acute injury were excluded.Descriptive statistics are reported as frequency(percentage)for categorical variables and means for continuous variables.Results:Of the 1815 orthopedic consults requested,1357(74.8%)were for acute injury management.Of those with acute injuries,119(8.8%)sustained 136 e-scooter or e-bike related injuries.There were 92(77.3%)males at an average age of(33.8±15.7)years.Approximately one-fifth of all patients presented in June 2021(26,21.8%).There was a 9.2%rate of open fractures.The 136 injuries were evenly split between the upper and lower extremities,with 57(47.9%)upper extremity,57(47.9%)lower extremity injuries,and 5(4.2%)concomitant upper and lower extremity injuries.The most common fracture patterns were ankle fractures(16,11.7%),followed by tibial shaft(14,10.2%),tibial plateau(13,9.5%),and radial head fractures(11,8.0%).There was a 33.3%incidence of associated posterior malleolar fractures in the spiral tibial shaft fractures,31.0%of posterior malleolar involvement and 18.8%of isolated vertical medial malleolar fractures in the ankle fractures,and 61.5%of posterior comminution in the tibial plateau fractures.Conclusion:E-scooter and e-bike related injuries have a high incidence of tibial shaft fractures,ankle fractures,tibial plateau fractures,and radial head fractures.There should be a high index of suspicion for posterior and medial involvement in lower extremity fractures sustained due to e-scooter or e-bikes.Identifying specific fracture patterns seen in e-scooter and e-bike related mechanisms will help guide management of these injuries. | Nina D.Fisher Ekenedilichukwu Nwakoby Hunter Hernandez Toni M.McLaurin | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2023，26，6： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员