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| 1 | Influences of load carriage and physical activity history on tibia bone strain显示文摘Background:Military recruits are often afflicted with stress fractures.The military’s strenuous training programs involving load carriage may contribute to the high incidence of tibia stress fractures in the army.The purpose of this study was to assess the influences of incremented load carriage and history of physical activity on tibia bone strain and strain rate during walking.Methods:Twenty recreational basketball players and 20 recreational runners performed 4 walking tasks while carrying 0 kg,15 kg,25 kg,and35 kg loads,respectively.Tibia bone strain and strain rate were obtained through subject-specific multibody dynamic simulations and finite element analyses.Mixed model repeated-measures analyses of variance were conducted.Results:The mean±SE of the runners’ bone strain(μs)during load carriages(0 kg,15 kg,25 kg,and 35 kg)were 658.11±1.61,804.41±1.96,924.49±2.23,and 1011.15±2.71,respectively,in compression and 458.33±1.45,562.11±1.81,669.82±2.05,and 733.40±2.52,respectively,in tension.For the basketball players,the incremented load carriages resulted in compressive strain of 634.30±1.56,746.87±1.90,842.18±2.16,and 958.24±2.63,respectively,and tensile strain of 440.04±1.41,518.86±1.75,597.63±1.99,and 700.15±2.47,respectively.A dose-response relationship exists between incremented load carriage and bone strain and strain rate.A history of regular basketball activity could result in reduced bone strain and reduced strain rate.Conclusion:Load carriage is a risk factor for tibia stress fracture during basic training.Preventative exercise programs,such as basketball,that involved multidirectional mechanical loading to the tibia bones can be implemented for military recruits before basic training commences. | Henry Wang Mohammad Kia D.Clark Dickin | 2019 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2019，8，5： | 2 |
| 2 | Energy expenditure and muscular activation patterns through active sitting on compliant surfaces显示文摘Purpose: To test the effectiveness of sitting surfaces with varied amounts of stability on muscle activity and energy expenditure.Methods: Using a within-participants repeated measures design, 11 healthy young-adult females(age = 20.0 ± 1.8 years) were measured using indirect calorimetry to assess energy expenditure, and electromyography to assess muscular activation in trunk and leg musculature under 3different sitting surfaces: flat-firm surface, air-filled cushion, and a stability ball. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance with follow-up pairwise contrasts used to determine the specific effects of sitting surface on muscle activation and energy expenditure.Results: Significantly greater energy expenditure was recorded for the stability ball(p = 0.01) and the cushion(p = 0.03) over the flat surface(10.4% and 9.6% greater, respectively), with no differences between the ball and the cushion. Both the ball and the cushion produced higher tibialis anterior activation over the flat surface(1.09 and 0.63 root-mean-square millivolts(RMSmv), respectively), while the stability ball produced higher soleus activity over both cushion and flat surfaces(3.97 and 4.24 RMSmv, respectively). Additionally, the cushion elicited higher adductor longus activity over the ball and flat surfaces(1.76 and 1.81 RMSmv, respectively), but no trunk musculature differences were revealed.Conclusion: Compliant surfaces resulted in higher levels of muscular activation in the lower extremities facilitating increased caloric expenditure.Given the increasing trends in sedentary careers and the increases in obesity, this is an important finding to validate the merits of active sitting facilitating increased caloric expenditure and muscle activation. | D.Clark Dickin Rachel K.Surowiec Henry Wang | 2017 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2017，6，2： | 1 |
| 3 | 提高油浆泵的寿命显示文摘一种用于催化裂化装置的新式API全衬里油浆泵,泵壳为径向剖分式,内有可更换的高铬铸造衬套,寿命长达6年以上,比旧式油浆泵的寿命长10~12倍,投资偿还期稍多于一年。 | D.Clark C.Abbott 张荣岐 | 1993 | 石油化工设备技术1993，14，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Strategic Hu-man Resource Practices, Top Management Team Social Networks, and Firm Performance:The Role of Human Resource Practices in Creating Organizational Competitive Advantage显示文摘 | Christopher J.Collins Kevin D.Clark | | 0，，6： | 1 |
| 5 | End-to-end arguments in system design显示文摘 | J.Saltzer D.Reed D.Clark | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Properties of Trench Capacitor for High Density DRAM application显示文摘 | D.A.Baglee R.R.Doering M.Elahy M.Yashiro D.Clark S.Clark and G.Armstrong | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 7 | 美澳移民政策对早期华人淘金工的影响显示文摘华人淘金工是19世纪中国对外移民的一个特殊群体,他们为美澳两国做出了巨大的贡献。文章介绍了美澳淘金热的由来,归纳了华人赴美澳淘金的原因,对比了美澳移民政策的变迁过程,分析了以'排外'为主的移民政策对华人淘金工的影响,并提出了淘金历史文化旅游资源开发的途径。 | 胡卫华 Ian D.Clark 查振祥 | 2014 | 特区实践与理论2014，，2： | 0 |
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