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| 1 | Intranasal delivery of nanostructured lipid carriers,solid lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsions:A current overview of in vivo studies显示文摘The management of the central nervous system(CNS)disorders is challenging,due to the need of drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and reach the brain.Among the various strategies that have been studied to circumvent this challenge,the use of the intranasal route to transport drugs from the nose directly to the brain has been showing promising results.In addition,the encapsulation of the drugs in lipid-based nanocarriers,such as solid lipid nanoparticles(SLNs),nanostructured lipid carriers(NLCs)or nanoemulsions(NEs),can improve nose-to-brain transport by increasing the bioavailability and site-specifc delivery.This review provides the state-of-the-art of in vivo studies with lipid-based nanocarriers(SLNs,NLCs and NEs)for nose-to-brain delivery.Based on the literature available from the past two years,we present an insight into the different mechanisms that drugs can follow to reach the brain after intranasal administration.The results of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics studies are reported and a critical analysis of the differences between the anatomy of the nasal cavity of the different animal species used in in vivo studies is carried out.Although the exact mechanism of drug transport from the nose to the brain is not fully understood and its effectiveness in humans is unclear,it appears that the intranasal route together with the use of NLCs,SLNs or NEs is advantageous for targeting drugs to the brain.These systems have been shown to be more effective for nose-to-brain delivery than other routes or formulations with non-encapsulated drugs,so they are expected to be approved by regulatory authorities in the coming years. | Cláudia Pina Costa Joao Nuno Moreira JoséManuel Sousa Lobo Ana Catarina Silva | 2021 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2021，11，4： | 5 |
| 2 | Umbilical hernia in patients with liver cirrhosis: A surgical challenge显示文摘Umbilical hernia occurs in 20% of the patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with ascites. Due to the enormous intraabdominal pressure secondary to the ascites, umbilical hernia in these patients has a tendency to enlarge rapidly and to complicate. The treatment of umbilical hernia in these patients is a surgical challenge. Ascites control is the mainstay to reduce hernia recurrence and postoperative complications, such as wound infection, evisceration, ascites drainage, and peritonitis. Intermittent paracentesis, temporary peritoneal dialysis catheter or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt may be necessary to control ascites. Hernia repair is indicated in patients in whom medical treatment is effective in controlling ascites. Patients who have a good perspective to be transplanted within 3-6 mo, herniorrhaphy should be performed during transplantation. Hernia repair with mesh is associated with lower recurrence rate, but with higher surgical site infection when compared to hernia correction with conventional fascial suture. There is no consensus on the best abdominal wall layer in which the mesh should be placed: Onlay, sublay, or underlay. Many studies have demonstrated several advantages of the laparoscopic umbilical herniorrhaphy in cirrhotic patients compared with open surgical treatment. | Julio CU Coelho Christiano MP Claus Antonio CL Campos Marco AR Costa Caroline Blum | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，7： | 4 |
| 3 | Dietary approach in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has been identified as one of the most prevalent chronic liver disease in adults and children populations. NAFLD is usually associated with the metabolic syndrome(MS), which is chiefly related to insulin resistance and its consequences. Insulin resistance has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and potentially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). Because of the contemporary epidemics of MS and obesity, the burden of NAFLD is also expected to rise. Unhealthy diets, such as the so-called western diet, are enriched in fructose, trans-fatty acids and saturated fat and seem to be associated with the development of NAFLD. In human studies, certain dietary sugars, particularly fructose, are used as a substrate for lipogenesis leading to hepatic fatty infiltration, inflammation, and possibly fibrosis. Other investigations have shown that fat consumption especially cholesterol and trans/saturated fatty acids are also steatogenic and seem to increase visceral adiposity. The identification of specific dietary components that favor the development of NASH could be important for the management of this disorder. This review focuses on the effects of different dietary approaches to prevent and treat NAFLD emphasizing the macronutrients and energy composition. | Silvia Marinho Ferolla Luciana Costa Silva Maria de Lourdes Abreu Ferrari Aloísio Sales da Cunha Flaviano dos Santos Martins Cláudia Alves Couto Teresa Cristina Abreu Ferrari | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，24： | 2 |
| 4 | Clinical prognostic factors for disabling Crohn's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To identify demographic and clinical factors asso-ciated with disabling Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysisof observational studies, focusing on the factors that can predict the prognosis of different outcomes of CD was undertaken. PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and Scopus were searched to identify studies investigat-ing the above mentioned factors in adult patients with CD. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they describe prognostic factors in CD, with inclusion and exclusion criteria defined as follows. Studies with adult patients and CD, written in English and studying association between clinical factors and at least one prognosis out-come were included. Meta-analysis of effects was un-dertaken for the disabling disease outcome, using odds ratio (OR) to assess the effect of the different factors in the outcome. The statistical method used was Mantel-Haenszel for fixed effects. The 16-item quality assess-ment tool (QATSDD) was used to assess the quality of the studies (range: 0-42). RESULTS: Of the 913 papers initially selected, sixty studies were reviewed and three were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The global QA-TSDD scores of papers were 18, 21 and 22. Of a total of 1961 patients enrolled, 1332 (78%) were classified with disabling disease five years after diagnosis. In two studies, age at diagnosis was a factor associated with disabling disease five years after diagnosis. Individu-als under 40 years old had a higher risk of developing disabling disease. In two studies, patients who were treated with corticosteroids on the first flare developed disabling disease five years after diagnosis. Further, perianal disease was found to be relevant in all of the studies at two and five years after diagnosis. Finally, one study showed localization as a factor associated with disabling disease five years after diagnosis, with L3 being a higher risk factor. This meta-analysis showed a significantly higher risk of developing disabling dis-ease at five years after initial diagnosis among patients younger than 40 years of age (OR=2.47, 95%CI: 1.74-3.51), with initial steroid treatment for first flare (OR=2.42, 95%CI: 1.87-3.11) and with perianal dis-ease (OR = 2.00, 95%CI: 1.41-2.85).CONCLUSION: Age at diagnosis, perianal disease, ini-tial use of steroids and localization seem to be indepen-dent prognostic factors of disabling disease. | Cláudia Camila Dias Pedro Pereira Rodrigues Altamiro da Costa Pereira Fernando Magro | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，24： | 2 |
| 5 | Effect of focused and radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy on equine bone microdamage显示文摘 | Da Costa Gomez TM Radtke CL Kalscheur VL | 2004 | Vet Surg2004，33，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Cardioprotective signaling to mitochondria显示文摘 | Garlid KD Costa AD Quinlan CL | 2009 | J Mol Cell Cardiol2009，46，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Association between periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus:a case-control study显示文摘 | Esteves LR Miranda CL Costa FO | 2013 | J Periodontol2013，84，9： | 1 |
| 8 | The direct physiological effects of mitoK(ATP) opening on heart mitochondria显示文摘 | Costa AD Quinlan CL Andrukhiv A | 2006 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol2006，290，： | 1 |
| 9 | Differential expression of a novel gene in response to coronatine, methyl jasmonate, and woundiniz in the Coil mutant of Arabidopsis 显示文摘 | Benedetti CE Costa CL Turcinelli SR | 1998 | Plant Physiol1998，16，3： | 1 |
| 10 | The direct physiological effects of mitoKArP opening on heart mitochondria显示文摘 | Costa AD Quinlan CL Andrukhiv A | 2006 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol2006，290，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Postcraniotomy temporalis muscle at- rophy: a clinical, magnetic resonance imaging volumetry and electromyographie investigation显示文摘 | Yasuda CL Costa AL | 2010 | J Orofac Pain2010，24，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Effeet of focused and radial extraeorporeal shock wave therapy on equine bone microdamage显示文摘 | Da Costa Gomez TM Radtke CL Kalscheur VL | 2004 | Vet Surg2004，33，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Esophageal candidiasis-an adverse effect of inhaled corticosteroids therapy 显示文摘 | Aun MV Ribeiro MR Costa Garcia CL | 2009 | J Asthma2009，46，4： | 1 |
| 14 | In vitro effects of silver nanoparticles on the mitochondrial respiratory chain 显示文摘 | Costa CS Ronconi VJV Daufenbach JF Gongalves CL Rezin GT Streck EL Paula MMS | 2010 | Mol Cell Biochem2010，342，12： | 1 |
| 15 | Artifacts in brain magnetic resonance imaging due to metallic dental objects显示文摘 | Costa AL Appenzeller S Yasuda CL | 2009 | Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal2009，14，6： | 1 |
| 16 | A 38-year-old man with tra- cheomegaly,tracheal diverticulosis,and bronchiectasis 显示文摘 | Lazzarini-de-Oliveira LC Costa de Barros Franco CA Gomes de Salles CL | 2001 | Chest2001，120，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Artufacts in brain magnetic resonance imaging due to metallic dental objects显示文摘 | Costa ALF Aeenzeller S Yasuda CL | 2009 | Med Oral Patol Oral Vir Bueal2009，14，6： | 1 |
| 18 | The mechanism by which the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+channel opening and H2O2 inhibit the mitochondrial permeability transition显示文摘 | Costa AD Jakob R Costa CL | 2006 | J Biol Chem2006，281，20： | 1 |
| 19 | Cardioprotective signaling to mitochondria显示文摘 | Garlid KI)- Costa AD Quinlan CL | 2009 | J Mol Cell Cardiol2009，46，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Artifacts in brain magnetic resonance imaging due to metallic dental objects显示文摘 | Costa AL Appenzeller S Yasuda CL | | 0，，06： | 1 |
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