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1自发性脑出血治疗指南美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会对医疗卫生专业人员发布的指南显示文摘目的本指南旨在为急性自发性脑出血的诊断和治疗提供最新的综合性推荐意见。方法通过Medline进行规范的文献检索,利用证据表合并资料。撰写委员会成员通过远程电信会议讨论根据资料得出的推荐意见。采用美国心脏协会卒中委员会的证据分级方案对推荐意见进行分级。由6位同行评议专家以及卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会和卒中委员会领导委员会成员对指南的草案进行发表前审阅。预期本指南在3年内完全更新。结果本文为脑出血患者的医疗诊治提供了循证指南。重点包括诊断、止血、血压管理、院内管理和护理、预防内科合并症、外科治疗、转归预测、康复、预防复发以及将来需要考虑的问题。结论脑出血是一种严重的疾病,早期积极救治可影响其转归。本指南为脑出血患者的目标导向治疗提供了一个框架。Lewis B. Morgenstem J. Claude Hemphill Ⅲ Craig Anderson Kyra Becker Joseph P. Broderick E. Sander Connolly Jr Steven M. Greenberg James N. Huang R. Loch Macdonald Steven R. Messe Pamela H. Mitchell Magdy Selim Rafael J. Tamargo 王玉洁(译) 王健(译) 刘相玉(译) 谢丽丽(译) 2010国际脑血管病杂志2010,,8:259
2自发性脑出血管理指南 美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会针对医疗专业人员的指南显示文摘目的本指南旨在为自发性脑出血的诊断和治疗提供最新的全面推荐意见。方法利用PubMed进行规范化文献检索,检索时间至2013年8月底。撰写委员会成员通过远程电信会议讨论指南内容及推荐意见,采用美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会的疗效确定性水平和证据分级方案对推荐意见进行分级。由6位同行评议专家以及卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会和卒中委员会领导委员会成员对指南草案进行发表前审阅。结果本文为急性脑出血患者的医疗诊治提供了循证指南,重点包括诊断、凝血功能障碍和血压管理、继发性脑损伤防治、颅内压控制、外科治疗的作用、转归预测、康复、二级预防以及将来需要考虑的问题。本指南已纳入最新的3期临床试验结果。结论脑出血是一种需要进行早期积极救治的危重疾病。本指南为脑出血患者的目标导向治疗提供了一个框架。J. Claude Hemphill Ⅲ Steven M. Greenberg Craig S. Anderson Kyra Beckelr Bernard R. Bendok Mary Cushman Gordon L. Fung Joshua N. Goldstein R. LochMacdonald Pamela H Mitchell, Phillip A Scott,Magdy H Selim, Daniel Woo 高圆圆 徐欣 2015国际脑血管病杂志2015,23,10:444
3利用多模式对中国气温序列中不连续点的检测显示文摘发展了一种对元数据依赖程度较小的气候序列均一化思路,在缺乏元数据的基础上,采取3种不同的方法,对中国东南部地区年平均最高、最低气温序列进行了均一性检验;并对其中不连续的气温序列进行了订正。对比表明,订正后序列较订正前更为合理。在检验过程中发现,对于最低气温检验可以明显得出比最高气温更多的不连续点。为了进一步认识这个问题,对此进行了进一步分析,认为最低温度对变化更为敏感主要是由于其物理特征最低温度一般出现在夜间,夜间大气较为稳定,因此一些变化(如仪器,迁站)可能引起明显的不连续现象,而最高气温往往出现在白天,因此大气混合比较充分,空间的均一性要明显强于最低温度。另外,热岛现象、台站密度等因素均是影响气温序列均一化的因素。李庆祥 Matthew J.Menne Claude N.Williams Jr Bomin Sun 2005气候与环境研究2005,10,4:41
4关于高血压新的美国指南JNC7显示文摘Dr .ClaudeTenfant是世界高血压联盟 (worldhypertensionleague ,WHL)主席 ,也是美国国立卫生研究院 (nationalinstituteofhealth ,NIH)心肺血液研究所所长。他在 2 0 0 3年 8月的WHL第 90期通讯中对JNC7作了一个十分简要的介绍 ,读后感到非常有帮助 ,特摘译于下 ,与同道们分享。Claude Lenfant 戴玉华 2004中华全科医师杂志2004,3,1:35
5水稻抗白叶枯病基因Xa21转基因水稻及其杂交稻研究显示文摘用基因枪转基因技术将高抗白叶枯病的Xa21基因导入中国三系杂交稻恢复系(明恢63)和保 持系(皖B)中,获得转基因水稻系,其中4个株系只含有Xa21基因,不合选择标记潮霉素抗性基因 hph。筛选抗白叶枯病转基因纯合系,在田间种植6代,用PCR检测证明,Xa21基因能稳定遗传表达。 用转基因水稻配制两系杂交稻,杂交组合F1含有Xa21基因,既抗白叶枯病,又有较大的增产潜力。吴家道 杨剑波 许传万 李莉 向太和 倪大虎 汪秀峰 贾士荣 唐益雄 张世平 Claude M Fauquet 2001作物学报2001,27,1:27
6越南东北部早中生代构造事件的年代学约束显示文摘越南东北部-海南岛-粤西南构造带整体上呈NW-SE走向展布于华南板块的南缘,是理解华南构造演化的关键地区。作为印支运动代表性地区的越南东北部地区Song Chay构造带上,下古生界浅变质沉积岩、上古生界至早-中三叠世未变质的沉积盖层中都发育向北东逆冲推覆,韧性变形域表现为NE-SW向的矿物拉伸线理和上部指NE的剪切变形,而脆性变形域则记录了大量NE极性的褶皱和冲断构造。两广交界的云开地体和海南岛地区存在着相同样式的构造变形。关于这期变形的时间,本文通过对野外地层以及所出露不同时期岩体变形特征的综合研究,并结合高质量的锆石U-Pb年代学数据,在越南的东北部厘定为237~228Ma。这期广泛分布于华南板块南缘构造事件的动力学机制同Day Nui Con Voi(大象山)微陆块与华南板块在早中生代的构造拼合事件相关。本文认为华南板块在早三叠世开始沿着越南东北部的Song Chay缝合带俯冲拼合于Day Nui Con Voi微陆块之下,因此在早-中三叠世时期,在作为俯冲盘的华南板块南缘发育一系列的褶皱和逆冲推覆构造,晚三叠世印支造山作用结束。因此,华南板块南缘的越南东北部-海南岛-粤西南构造带被一同卷入早-中三叠世同印支板块的碰撞造山体系之中。陈泽超 林伟 Michel FAURE Claude LEPVRIER 褚杨 王清晨 2013岩石学报2013,29,5:23
7华南板块南缘早中生代的逆冲推覆构造及其相关的动力学背景显示文摘作为理解华南构造演化的关键地区,在华南板块南缘的云开地体和越北的Song Chay地体发育了早中生代的向北东逆冲推覆的韧性变形。在云开地体,经历角闪岩相和绿片岩相变质的矿物指示了产状平缓的面理上发育明显的北东—南西向矿物拉伸线理。沿着这些矿物拉伸线理,具有上部指向北东的剪切变形。同位素年代学的定年结果指示了变形事件发生在220 Ma左右。在越南北部,Song Chay地体的岩石和构造特征与云开地体极其相似:平缓的面理,北东—南西向的矿物拉伸线理和上部指向北东的剪切变形是其主要的构造特征,这些构造特征均表现为向北东的逆冲推覆,变形时间从晚三叠世至早侏罗世。这期构造事件的动力学机制被认为同印支板块与华南板块晚古生代—早中生代的构造拼合密切相关。我们认为新发现的Song Chay蛇绿混杂带是华南板块同印支板块的碰撞拼合界线。因此,华南板块南缘云开地体和Song Chay地体被一同卷入同印支板块的碰撞造山体系之中。林伟 Michel Faure Claude Lepvrier 陈泽超 褚杨 王清晨 N'guyen Van Vuong Vu Van Tich 2011地质科学2011,46,1:20
8“包容性社会政策建构与社会管理创新”专题显示文摘我们不能将“社会包容”一词单纯地理解为“社会排斥”的反义词。“社会排斥”强调的是个体正常的社会关联被边缘化的状态,它是一个与社会秩序相关的保守概念。而“社会包容”是一个充满活力和远见的概念,它建立在社会团结的基础之上,它使得个体能够更多、更广地参与到社会生活的各个领域。Claude Didry 文军 2012社会科学2012,,1:18
9Laparoscopic ultrasonography as an alternative to intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy显示文摘AIM To assess the role of laparoscopic ultrasound(LUS) as a substitute for intraoperative cholangiography(IOC) during cholecystectomy.METHODS We present a MEDLINE and Pub Med literature search, having used the key-words 'laparoscopic intraoperative ultrasound' and 'laparoscopic cholecystectomy'. All relevant English language publications from 2000 to 2016 were identified, with data extracted for the role of LUS in the anatomical delineation of the biliary tract, detection of common bile duct stones(CBDS), prevention or early detection of biliary duct injury(BDI), and incidental findings during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Data for the role of LUS vs IOC in complex situations(i.e., inflammatory disease/fibrosis) were specifically analyzed. RESULTS We report data from eighteen reports, 13 prospective non-randomized trials, 5 retrospective trials, and two meta-analyses assessing diagnostic accuracy, with one analysis also assessing costs, duration of the examination, and anatomical mapping. Overall, LUS was shown to provide highly sensitive mapping of the extra-pancreatic biliary anatomy in 92%-100% of patients, with more difficulty encountered in delineation of the intra-pancreatic segment of the biliary tract(73.8%-98%). Identification of vascular and biliary variations has been documented in two studies. Although inflammatory disease hampered accuracy, LUS was still advantageous vs IOC in patients with obscured anatomy. LUS can be performed before any dissection and repeated at will to guide the surgeon especially when hilar mapping is difficult due to fibrosis and inflammation. In two studies LUS prevented conversion in 91% of patients with difficult scenarios. Considering CBDS detection, LUS sensitivity and specificity were 76%-100% and 96.2%-100%, respectively. LUS allowed the diagnosis/treatment of incidental findings of adjacent organs. No valuable data for BDI prevention or detection could be retrieved, even if no BDI was documented in the reports analyzed. Literature analysis proved LUS as a safe, quick, non-irradiating, costeffective technique, which is comparatively well known although largely under-utilized, probably due to the perception of a difficult learning curve. CONCLUSION We highlight the advantages and limitations of laparoscopic ultrasound during cholecystectomy, and underline its value in difficult scenarios when the anatomy is obscured.Alexandra Dili Claude Bertrand 2017World Journal of Gastroenterology2017,23,29:16
10农业生态系统服务及其管理学要义显示文摘农业生态系统作为联系人类社会系统与自然生态系统的界面(Interface),其服务功能的健康发挥对整个农业系统稳定及人类生存与社会可持续发展具有现实和长远意义。本文综述了农业生态系统服务的研究现状、内涵与内容,从现有农业生态系统服务功能的量化评估指标和方法着手,提出了农业生态系统服务的量化难、研究技术相对滞后、研究机制缺位和研究力量薄弱成为农业生态系统服务研究的瓶颈,以及意识问题制约农业生态系统服务的研究进程等国内外研究中存在的主要问题,并展望了未来农业生态系统服务的研究趋势。最后,从概念层面、机制层面和技术层面提出促进农业生态系统服务功能健康发挥的管理学要义。祝文烽 王松良 Claude D Caldwell 2010中国生态农业学报2010,18,4:14
11Colon cancer-associated B2 Escherichia coli colonize gut mucosa and promote cell proliferation显示文摘AIM:To provide further insight into the characterization of mucosa-associated Escherichia coli(E.coli)isolated from the colonic mucosa of cancer patients.METHODS:Phylogroups and the presence of cyclomodulin-encoding genes of mucosa-associated E.coli from colon cancer and diverticulosis specimens weredetermined by PCR.Adhesion and invasion experiments were performed with I-407 intestinal epithelial cells using gentamicin protection assay.Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6(CEACAM6)expression in T84 intestinal epithelial cells was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by Western Blot.Gut colonization,inflammation and procarcinogenic potential were assessed in a chronic infection model using CEABAC10 transgenic mice.Cell proliferation was analyzed by real-time mRNA quantification of PCNA and immunohistochemistry staining of Ki67.RESULTS:Analysis of mucosa-associated E.coli from colon cancer and diverticulosis specimens showed that whatever the origin of the E.coli strains,86%of cyclomodulin-positive E.coli belonged to B2 phylogroup and most harbored polyketide synthase(pks)island,which encodes colibactin,and/or cytotoxic necrotizing factor(cnf)genes.In vitro assays using I-407 intestinal epithelial cells revealed that mucosa-associated B2 E.coli strains were poorly adherent and invasive.However,mucosa-associated B2 E.coli similarly to Crohn’s disease-associated E.coli are able to induce CEACAM6expression in T84 intestinal epithelial cells.In addition,in vivo experiments using a chronic infection model of CEACAM6 expressing mice showed that B2 E.coli strain11G5 isolated from colon cancer is able to highly persist in the gut,and to induce colon inflammation,epithelial damages and cell proliferation.CONCLUSION:In conclusion,these data bring new insights into the ability of E.coli isolated from patients with colon cancer to establish persistent colonization,exacerbate inflammation and trigger carcinogenesis.Jennifer Raisch Emmanuel Buc Mathilde Bonnet Pierre Sauvanet Emilie Vazeille Amélie de Vallée Pierre Déchelotte Claude Darcha Denis Pezet Richard Bonnet Marie-Agnès Bringer Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud 2014World Journal of Gastroenterology2014,20,21:12
12Phylogenetic Analysis of the Plant-specific Zinc Finger-Homeobox and Mini Zinc Finger Gene Families显示文摘Zinc finger-homeodomain proteins (ZHD) are present in many plants; however, the evolutionary history of the ZHD gene family remains largely unknown. We show here that ZHD genes are plant-specific, nearly all intronless, and related to MINI ZINC FINGER (MIF) genes that possess only the zinc finger. Phylogenetic analyses of ZHD genes from representative land plants suggest that non-seed plant ZHD genes occupy basal positions and angiosperm homologs form seven distinct clades. Several clades contain genes from two or more major angiosperm groups, including eudicots, monocots, magnoliids, and other basal angiosperms, indicating that several duplications occurred before the diversification of flowering plants. In addition, specific lineages have experienced more recent duplications. Unlike the ZHD genes, MIFs are found only from seed plants, possibly derived from ZHDs by loss of the homeodomain before the divergence of seed plants. Moreover, the MIF genes have also undergone relatively recent gene duplications. Finally, genome duplication might have contributed substantially to the expansion of family size in angiosperms and caused a high level of functional redundancy/overlap in these genes.Claude W. dePamphilis 2008Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2008,50,8:12
13中加合作农业生态学“双语+精品”课程建设的探索与实践显示文摘在国际教育合作背景下,福建农林大学引进的农业生态学(Agroecology)课程与福建省甚至全国高校双语课程相比具有独特的优势。本文回顾了中加合作《农业生态学》双语课程的引进和适应过程,以及其作为福建省'精品课程'的教学体系、风格、方式及其建设成效;最后作者提出从促进国际交流、加强教材建设和教学成果的推广应用等3方面努力把该课程建成国家级'双语示范课程'。王松良 Claude D Caldwell Shannon Kilyanek 林德喜 魏丽卿 2010福建农林大学学报(哲学社会科学版)2010,13,1:12
14Influence of Garlic Intercropping or Active Emitted Volatiles in Releasers on Aphid and Related Beneficial in Wheat Fields in China显示文摘In order to develop biological control of aphids by a 'push-pull'approach, intercropping using repellent emitting plants was developed in different crop and associated plant models. Garlic is one of the potential plant that could be inserted in crops to decrease the pest occurrence in neighboring crop plots. In this study, field works were conducted in wheat fields in Langfang Experimental Station, Hebei Province in China from October 2009 to July 2010 during wheat developmental season. The effect of wheat intercropping with garlic but also the volatiles emission on the incidence of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae Fabricius (Homoptera: Aphididae) was assessed. Natural beneficial occurrence and global yields in two winter wheat varieties that were susceptible or resistant to cereal aphid were also determined comparing to control plots without the use of garlic plant intercrop nor semiochemical releaser in the fields. S. avenae was found to be lower in garlic oil blend treatment (GOB), diallyl disulfide treatment (DD) and wheat-garlic intercropping treatment (WGI) when compared to the control plots for both two varieties (P<0.01). Both intercropping and application of volatile chemicals emitted by garlic could improve the population densities of natural enemies of cereal aphid, including ladybeetles and mummified aphids. Ladybeetle population density in WGI, GOB and mummified aphids densities in WGI, DD were significantly higher than those in control fields for both two varieties (P<0.05). There were significant interactions between cultivars and treatments to the population densities of S. avenae. The 1 000-grain weight and yield of wheat were also increased compared to the control. Due to their potential alternatives as a biological control agent against cereal aphid, garlic intercropping and related emitted volatiles are expected to contribute to the further improvement of integrated pest management systems and to potentially reduce the amount of traditional synthetic pesticides applied in wheat fields.ZHOU Hai-bo CHEN Ju-lian LIU Yong Frédéric Francis Eric Haubruge Claude Bragard SUN Jing-rui CHENG Deng-fa 2013Journal of Integrative Agriculture2013,12,3:12
15乙型肝炎病毒导致的肝硬化伴肝癌患者血清中N糖组学改变显示文摘肝细胞癌(HCC)是最常见的肿瘤和最主要的死因之一,多发生于HBV和HCV感染导致的肝硬化患者,筛查肝硬化人群,早期诊断HCC可降低肿瘤的病死率。甲胎蛋白(AFP)是目前广泛应用的辅助诊断HCC的血清学指标,是对B超、CT等影像学诊断的有效补充。最近的荟萃分析表明,不同研究论文报道的AFP的灵敏度和特异度有很大的不同,这种现象不能完全用AFP的临界值不同解释。血清中的N糖蛋白主要由肝脏和B淋巴细胞合成,N糖成分的改变可反应肝脏或B淋巴细胞功能的改变,糖链的改变常常反应出机体的异常改变。糖组学在诊断领域的应用曾经因为缺少合适的分析技术而受限制,血清中N糖组学分析技术克服了这一屏障。本研究的目的是评价血清中N糖指纹图谱应用于乙型肝炎后肝硬化伴肝癌辅助诊断的意义。刘学恩 Liesbeth Desmyter 高春芳 Wouter Laroy Sylviane Dewaele Valerie Vanhooren 王玲 庄辉 Nico Callewaert Claude Libert Roland Contreras 陈翠英 2008中华肝脏病杂志2008,16,1:11
16生防菌FO47和FO47B10的应用研究显示文摘测定了非致病性镰刀菌FO47和FO47B10对小麦、玉米等8种作物的安全性和定殖能力,以及其对黄瓜和西瓜生长发育的影响及对黄瓜霜霉病的生物防治效果。结果表明,FO47和FO47B10对作物是安全的,并能定殖在作物体内;提前在土壤中接种FO47和FO47B10能提高黄瓜和西瓜植株的抗逆性,促进其生长发育,促生效应与其分泌的赤霉素量呈正相关关系;FO47和FO47B10对黄瓜霜霉病有明显的防治效果。杨猛 宗兆锋 郭小芳 姚静 Claude Alabouvette 2005西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)2005,33,5:11
17Guidelines for the Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association显示文摘Lewis B. Morgenstern J. Claude Hemphill Craig Anderson Kyra Becker Joseph P. Broderick E. Sander Connolly Steven M. Greenberg James N. Huang R. Loch Macdonald Steven R. Messé Pamela H. Mitchell Magdy Selim Rafael J. Tamargo 2010Stroke2010,,9:10
18Organic matter produced by algae and cyanobacteria: Quantitative and qualitative characterization显示文摘This work aims at characterizing organic matter produced by an alga Euglena gracilis and a cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and assessing the evolution of its characteristics during growth.A culture medium was optimized.The species growth phases were monitored using both visible spectrophotometry and flow cytometry cell counting.Organic matter fractionation according to hydrophobicity and specific UV absorbance(SUVA) index were used to specifically characterize the produced algal organic matter(AOM).The AOM characteristics were both growth phase and species dependent.However,a similar evolution was observed.The hydrophilic fraction(HPI) was the major fraction whatever the growth phases and was almost the only one produced during lag and exponential phases.It represented around 75% of AOM during exponential phase and then decreased when the stationary phase appeared.It represented 46% and 60% of the AOM during late decline phase for the cyanobacteria and the alga respectively.The hydrophobic(HPO) and transphilic(TPH) fractions started to appear from the beginning of the stationary phase with more hydrophobic compounds coming from intracellular organic material of dying cells.HPO and TPH percentages still increased during the decline phase probably because of two additional processes:photo-dissolution and leaching of particulate organic matter from cells fragments.A comparison of AOM during late decline phase and natural organic matter(NOM) from Glane River(France) underlined that AOM was more hydrophilic and presented a lower SUVA for each fractions than NOM.However,the difference between NOM and AOM hydrophobicity narrowed during decline phase.Maud Leloup Rudy Nicolau Virginie Pallier Claude Yprmian Geneviève Feuillade-Cathalifaud 2013Journal of Environmental Sciences2013,25,6:10
19Injury rate,mechanism,and risk factors of hamstring strain injuries in sports:A review of the literature显示文摘Hamstring strains are one of most common sports injuries.The purpose of this literature review is to summarize studies on hamstring strain injury rate,mechanism,and risk factors in the last several decades with a focus on the prevention and rehabilitation of this injury.Hamstring injury commonly occurs in sporting events in which high speed sprinting and kicking are frequently performed,such as Australian football. English rugby,American football,and soccer.Basic science studies have demonstrated that a muscle strain injury occurs due to excessive strain in eccentric contraction instead of force,and that elongation speed and duration of activation before eccentric contraction affect the severity of the injury.Hamstring strain injury is likely to occur during the late swing phase and late stance phase of sprint running.Shortened optimum muscle length,lack of muscle flexibility,strength imbalance,insufficient warm-up,fatigue,lower back injury,poor lumbar posture,and increased muscle neural tension have been identified as modifiable risk factors while muscle compositions,age,race,and previous injuries are non-modifiable risk factors.The theoretical basis of some of these risk factors,however,is lacking,and the results of clinical studies on these risk factors are inconsistent.Future studies are needed to establish the cause-and-effect relationships between those proposed risk factors and the injury.Hui Liu William E.Garrett Claude T.Moorman Bing Yu 2012Journal of Sport and Health Science2012,1,2:10
20An air quality forecasting system in Beijing-Application to the study of dust storm events in China in May 2008显示文摘An air pollution forecast system,ARIA Regional,was implemented in 2007-2008 at the Beijing Municipality Environmental Monitoring Center,providing daily forecast of main pollutant concentrations.The chemistry-transport model CHIMERE was coupled with the dust emission model MB95 for restituting dust storm events in springtime so as to improve forecast results.Dust storm events were sporadic but could be extremely intense and then control air quality indexes close to the source areas but also far in the Beijing area.A dust episode having occurred at the end of May 2008 was analyzed in this article,and its impact of particulate matter on the Chinese air pollution index (API) was evaluated.Following our estimation,about 23 Tg of dust were emitted from source areas in Mongolia and in the Inner Mongolia of China,transporting towards southeast.This episode of dust storm influenced a large part of North China and East China,and also South Korea.The model result was then evaluated using satellite observations and in situ data.The simulated daily concentrations of total suspended particulate at 6:00 UTC had a similar spatial pattern with respect to OMI satellite aerosol index.Temporal evolution of dust plume was evaluated by comparing dust aerosol optical depth (AOD) calculated from the simulations with AOD derived from MODIS satellite products.Finally,the comparison of reported Chinese API in Beijing with API calculated from the simulation including dust emissions had showed the significant improvement of the model results taking into accountmineral dust correctly.Benoit Laurent Fanny Velay-Lasry Richard Ngo Claude Derognat Batrice Marticorena Armand Albergel 2012Journal of Environmental Sciences2012,24,1:9
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