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| 1 | Overview of hepatitis B virus mutations and theirimplications in the management of infection显示文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV)affects approximately two billion people worldwide and more than 240 million people in the world are currently chronic carrier that could develop serious complications in the future,like liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Although an extended HBV immunization program is being carried out since the early‘80s,representing effective preventive measure,leading to a dramatic reduction of HBV hepatitis incidence,globally HBV infection still represents a major public health problem.The HBV virus is a DNA virus belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family.The HBV-DNA is a circular,partial double strand genome.All coding information is on the minus DNA strand and it is organized into four open reading frames.Despite hepatitis B virus is a DNA virus,it has a high mutation rate due to its replicative strategy,that leads to the production of many nonidentical variants at each cycle of replication.In fact,it contains a polymerase without the proofreading activity,and uses an RNA intermediate(pg RNA)during its replication,so error frequencies are comparable to those seen in retroviruses and other RNA viruses rather than in more stable DNA viruses.Due to the low fidelity of the polymerase,the high replication rate and the overlapping reading frames,mutations occur throughout the genome and they have been identified both in the structural and not structural gene.The arise of mutations being to develop of a whole of viral variants called'quasi-species'and the prevalent population,which favors virus replication,was selected by viral fitness,host’s immune pressure and external pressure,i.e.,vaccination or antiviral therapy.Naturally occurring mutations were found both in acute and chronic subjects.In the present review we examine and discuss the most recent available data about HBV genetic variability and its significance. | Patrizia Caligiuri Rita Cerruti Giancarlo Icardi Bianca Bruzzone | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，1： | 25 |
| 2 | Magnesium implant alloy with low levels of strontium and calcium: The third element effect and phase selection improve bio-corrosion resistance and mechanical performance显示文摘 | M. Bornapour M. Celikin M. Cerruti M. Pekguleryuz | 2014 | Materials Science & Engineering C2014，，： | 2 |
| 3 | Site-specific acetylation of the fetal globin activator NF-E4 prevents its ubiquitination and regulates its interaction with the histone deacetylase, HDAC显示文摘 | Zhao Q Cumming H Cerruti L | 2004 | J Biol Chem2004，279，41： | 1 |
| 4 | Biodissolution of spent nick-cadmium batteries using Thiobacillus ferrooxidan显示文摘 | Cerruti C Curutchet G Donati E | 1998 | Journal of Biotechnology1998，62，： | 1 |
| 5 | Cri du Chat syndrome显示文摘 | Cerruti Mainardi P | 2006 | Orphanet J Rare Dis2006，1，： | 1 |
| 6 | Bio-dissolution of spent nickelcadmium batteries using Thiobacillus ferrooxidans显示文摘 | Cerruti C Curutchet G Donati E | 1998 | Journal of Biotechnology1998，62，： | 1 |
| 7 | Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Motoneuron Apoptosis is Prevented by Poly ADP Ribosyl Synthetase Inhibitors显示文摘 | HIVERT B CERRUTI C CAMU W | 1998 | Neuroreport(S0959- 4965)1998，9，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Thermal oxidative stability and effect of water on gas transport and mechanical properties in PA6-EVOH films 显示文摘 | CERRUTI P LAURIENZO P MALINCONICO M | 2007 | JPolymSci PartB: PolymPhys2007，45，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Thermal oxidative stability and effect of water on gas transport and mechanical properties in PA6-EVOH films 显示文摘 | CERRUTI P LAURIENZO P MALINCONICO M | 2007 | JPolymSci: PartB: PolymPhys2007，，7： | 1 |
| 10 | An Analytical Model for the Dissolution of Different Particle Size Samples of Bioglass in TRISbuffered Solution显示文摘 | Cerruti MG Greenspan D Powers K | 2005 | Biomateriafs2005，26，24： | 1 |
| 11 | RGC death in mice after optic nerve crush injury:oxidative stress and neuroprotection显示文摘 | Levkovitch Verbin H Harris Cerruti C Croner Y | 2000 | Invest ophthalmol Vis Sci2000，41，13： | 1 |
| 12 | Chemiluminescence from oxidation of polyamide 6显示文摘 | Cerruti P Carfagna C Rychly J | 2003 | Polym Degra Stab2003，82，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Allogenous bone grafts improved by marrow stem cell and platelet growth factors: clinical case reports显示文摘 | Filho Cerruti H Kerkis I Kerkis A | 2007 | Artif Organs2007，31，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Synthesis and antiviral activity of metabolites of rimantadine 显示文摘 | Manchand PS Cerruti RL Martin JA | 1990 | J Med Chem1990，33，7： | 1 |
| 15 | Highly homologous T-cell receptor beta sequences support a common target for autoreactive T cells in most patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria显示文摘 | Gargiulo L Lastraioli S Cerruti G | 2007 | Blood2007，109，11： | 1 |
| 16 | Exsanguinating hemoptysis显示文摘 | Garzon AA Cerruti MM Golding ME | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Poly (ethylene glycol ) Monolayer Formation and Stability on Gold and Silicon Nitride 显示文摘 | CERRUTI M STEFANO F CARRARO C | 2008 | Langmuir2008，24，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Synthesis and antiviral activity of metabolites of rimantadine 显示文摘 | Manchand PS Cerruti RL Martini JA | 1990 | J Med Chem1990，33，7： | 1 |
| 19 | The identification and characterization of human Sister-of-Mammalian Grainyhead ( SOM ) expands the grainyhead-like family of developmental transcription factors 显示文摘 | Ting S Wilanowski T Cerruti L | 2003 | Biochem J2003，370，： | 1 |
| 20 | A highly conserved novel family of mammalian developmental transcription factors related to Drosophila grainyhead 显示文摘 | Wilanowski T Tuckfield A Cerruti L | 2002 | Mech Dev2002，114，12： | 1 |
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