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| 1 | 补贴减少了粮食生产效率损失吗?——基于动态资产贫困理论的分析显示文摘本文基于动态资产贫困理论,使用2003~2014年全国农村固定观察点的微观数据,运用DEA方法下最新技术EBM模型分析了2009~2014年河南省小麦生产效率损失情况,然后使用Heckman样本选择模型估计了农业补贴对小麦生产效率损失的影响,最后通过工具变量和多种估计方法对研究结果进行稳健性检验。研究得出:2009~2014年,虽然河南省小麦生产效率逐年提高,但损失仍然严重;农业补贴会促使受限于资产贫困的农户选择高生产效率的生产方式,从而减少粮食生产效率损失;农业补贴在小麦生产过程中的作用至关重要,并且粮食直补政策在小麦生产效率损失中起到了积极作用,良种补贴有利于减少播种面积为0~6亩的农户的小麦生产效率损失,而农资补贴则对播种面积大于6亩的农户来说影响更为显著。对此,本文提出相关对策建议。 | 高鸣 宋洪远 Michael Carter | 2017 | 管理世界2017，33，9： | 67 |
| 2 | 粮食直接补贴对不同经营规模农户小麦生产率的影响——基于全国农村固定观察点农户数据显示文摘本文使用2003~2014年全国农村固定观察点河南省样本农户数据所组成的面板数据,选用EBM模型和GML指教分析了2009~2014年河南省小麦生产技术效率和小麦全要素生产率,然后将小麦全要素生产率进行了要素分解,使用相关工具变量和2SLS方法分析了粮食直接补贴对不同经营规模农户小麦生产率的影响。本文研究发现:2009~2014年,河南省小麦生产存在规模效应,而小麦全要素生产率进一步增长,要素投入增加是其小麦全要素生产率增长的主要原因;粮食直接补贴对农户的小麦生产技术效率具有积极作用,而对经营规模为6亩以上农户的小麦全要素生产率作用不大;从粮食直接补贴对小麦全要素生产率的各贡献因素的影响看,粮食直接补贴能促进经营规模为0~6亩农户的人力资本增长率和经营规模为6亩以上农户的要素投入增长率,但是,这些影响不足以促进小麦全要素生产率的提高。 | 高鸣 宋洪远 Michael Carter | 2016 | 中国农村经济2016，，8： | 44 |
| 3 | 成人炎症性肠病处理指南显示文摘 | Carter MJ Lobo AJ Travis SP 杨川华 | 2005 | 胃肠病学2005，10，1： | 35 |
| 4 | 短期事件对旅游的影响:以中国SARS危机为例显示文摘通过回顾近年来世界各国发生的短期危机对旅游产生的影响,重点分析2003年的SARS疫情给中国经济特别是旅游业造成的重大损失,讨论了不同的短期危机对旅游的不同影响以及旅游在危机后的不同恢复时间。旅游业对短期危机缺乏足够的防御能力,但通常能较为迅速的走上复苏之路。在这个过程中,适当的危机管理措施和有效的恢复策略是十分重要和不可或缺的。 | 曾本祥 R. W. (Bill)Carter T. De Lacy | 2005 | 桂林旅游高等专科学校学报2005，16，2： | 39 |
| 5 | 工业化、土地市场和农业投资显示文摘本文扩展了农地产权方面的经验研究文献,将转让权纳入分析之中。本文的理论模型证明,在不完全劳动力市场下,随着工业化的深入,残缺的转让权将导致农户对土地投资的后悔效应。本文利用面板数据的计量分析在很大程度上证明了后悔效应的存在。 | Michael Carter 姚洋 | 2004 | 经济学(季刊)2004，3，4： | 32 |
| 6 | 词汇学习中何谓“掌握了一个单词”显示文摘对于一个语言学家来说,有一件事令他们既着迷又不安,这就是观察和研究如果不对学习理论进行任何明确清晰的参照,究竟会有多少教学能获得成功?外语学习者确实学了所学外语的大量词汇,老师也大多明确地教他们这样做了。过去的十年中,旨在帮助非英语国家的英语学习者建立发展其词汇量的教材层出不穷。 | Ronald Carter 朱佳伶 | 1999 | 外语教学理论与实践1999，，2： | 26 |
| 7 | 抑癌基因TP53及新家族成员TP63和TP73的研究新进展显示文摘抑癌基因TP53在调控细胞周期、细胞凋亡和维持基因组稳定的过程中发挥着重要作用。TP63和TP73是TP53家族中包含的另外两个成员,均具有多种亚型,这些亚型通过自身家族或与其它转录因子家族之间的相互作用,从而对广泛的基因群发挥调控作用。本文将综述TP53及其家族成员TP63、TP73的功能学研究上的最新进展,并将重点介绍我们NIH/NIDCD头颈外科实验室的近期的研究工作所取得的新发现。我们近期的研究结果揭示了在肿瘤炎症的微环境中,存在着一种新的可逆转的动态机制为促炎症细胞因子TNF-α诱导NF-κB c-REL/ΔNp 63α相互作用,协同促进细胞增殖、生存、炎症和迁移相关基因群的调控。并在有突变的TP53肿瘤中,这些相互作用同时使肿瘤抑制基因TAp73的功能失活,促进肿瘤对TNF-α的抗药性和细胞生存。我们的研究阐述了炎症与肿瘤发生、发展的新机制,其中NF-κB和TP53两大转录因子家族基因的相互作用起到了关键性作用。这一新发现或许可为肿瘤的诊断、治疗和预防提供新的策略。 | 陈中 张嘉玲 杨歆萍 吕海 CARTER Van Waes | 2013 | 内蒙古医科大学学报2013，35，1： | 15 |
| 8 | 伴有脑肿胀的大脑和小脑梗死的管理推荐意见美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会对医疗专业人员的声明显示文摘背景和目的关于缺血性卒中后脑肿胀患者的最佳管理方案,仍有许多尚未确定的问题。需要制定相关指南来指导如何处理这种严重并发症,如何提供最佳的综合性神经科和内科治疗,以及在患者病情恶化时如何与面临外科干预复杂决策的家属进行良好的沟通。本科学声明为大脑或小脑半球缺血性卒中伴脑肿胀的患者提供了早期的管理方案。方法写作组利用系统文献综述,参考公开发表的临床和流行病学研究、发病率和死亡率报告、临床与公共卫生指南、权威声明、个人文件以及专家意见,对现有证据进行总结并指出与当前知识水平的差距。写作组通过对MEDLINE、EMBASE和Web of Science数据库进行医学文献计算机检索(最后检索时间为2013年3月,研究对象为成年人)回顾最相关的文献。在美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,ARIA)框架背景下对证据进行组织,根据AHA/美国心脏病学学会基金会以及AHA卒中委员会的证据强度分级方案进行分类。这份声明经过AHA内部的广泛同行评议。结果已有适用于由缺血性梗死引起的半球(累及整个大脑中动脉供血区或更大范围)和小脑(累及小脑后下动脉或小脑上动脉供血区)肿胀的临床标准。幕上半球缺血性卒中伴脑肿胀发生恶化的临床表现包括新发意识障碍或意识障碍加重、脑性上睑下垂以及瞳孔大小变化。在小脑梗死伴肿胀患者中,意识水平下降是脑干受压的结果,因此可能出现早期角膜反射丧失和瞳孔缩小。应制定标准化定义以促进多中心和基于人群的发病率、患病率、危险因素和转归研究。脑肿胀高危患者的识别应包括临床和神经影像学资料。如果大面积卒中患者有必要进入全面复苏状态,则需要收入具备神经监护功能的病房。这些患者最好被收入由技术熟练和经验丰富的医生(如神经重症监护医生或神经血管科医生)负责的重症监护室或卒中单元。综合性医疗管理包括气道管理和机械通气、血压控制、液体管理以及血糖和体温控制。在幕上半球缺血性卒中伴肿胀患者中,不需行常规颅内压监测或脑脊液引流,但神经功能继续恶化的患者应考虑行去骨瓣减压和硬脑膜切开术。去骨瓣减压术在≥60岁的患者中的疗效尚不确定。在神经功能恶化的小脑卒中伴肿胀患者中,应行枕骨下颅骨切除和硬脑膜切开术。当应用脑室造瘘术缓解小脑梗死后梗阻性脑积水时,应同时行枕骨下颅骨切除术以防小脑向上移位导致的病情恶化。幕上半球梗死伴肿胀患者可获得令人满意的转归,但即使行去骨瓣减压术,仍有1/3的患者会遗留严重残疾和完全生活依赖。多数小脑梗死患者在术后能获得可接受的功能转归。结论大脑和小脑梗死伴肿胀是需要立即给予专业神经重症监护、并常需要进行神经外科干预的危重情况。去骨瓣减压术是很多患者的必然治疗选择,经过选择的患者能从中受益匪浅,尽管他们可能会遗留残疾,但仍可生活自理。 | Eelco F. M. Wijdicks Kevin N. Sheth Bob S. Carter David M. Greer Scott E. Kasner W. Taylor Kimberly Stefan Schwab Eric E. Smith Rafael J. Tamargo Max Wintermark 王玉琴 牛牧 柯开富 | 2014 | 国际脑血管病杂志2014，22，4： | 11 |
| 9 | 农户存粮行为及其影响因素——基于不同粮食品种的微观数据分析显示文摘本文假设农户在持有粮食和持有现金之间进行选择,通过库恩一塔克条件推导出农户存粮量受到通货膨胀率、名义利率、粮食价格、粮食产量等因素的影响。然后,本文利用河北省2004~2009年农村固定观察点数据,分析了农户对不同粮食品种(玉米和小麦)的储存行为及其主要影响因素的差异,发现农户存粮量主要受粮食产量、名义利率、通货膨胀率、粮食价格、非粮收入及自然灾害等因素的影响。同时,农户不同粮食品种储存行为的影响因素存在一定的差异。从影响程度看,相比于粮食整体,农户小麦和玉米的年底储存量受通货膨胀率、名义利率、价格及自然灾害等因素的影响显著不同;家庭人口数量是农户小麦储存量的重要影响因素,而牲畜饲养数量是农户玉米储存量的重要影响因素。 | 张瑞娟 孙顶强 武拉平 Colin Carter | 2014 | 中国农村经济2014，，11： | 11 |
| 10 | Isolated intestinal neurofibromatous proliferations in the absence of associated systemic syndromes显示文摘Gastrointestinal tract involvement by neurofi bromatous lesions is rare and occurs most frequently as one of the systemic manifestations of generalized neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). In this setting, the lesions may manifest as focal scattered neurofi bromas or as an extensive diffuse neural hyperplasia designated ganglioneuromatosis. Occasionally, such lesions may be the initial sign of NF1 in patients without any other clinical manifestations of the disease. Rarely, cases of isolated neurofi bromatosis of the large bowel with no prior or subsequent evidence of generalized neurofi bromatosis have been documented. We present the case of a 52 year-old female with abdominal pain and alternating bowel habits. Colonoscopic evaluation revealed multiple small polyps in the cecum and the presence of nodular mucosa in the colon and rectum. Pathologic evaluation of the biopsies from the cecum, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum revealed tangled fascicles of spindle cells expanding the lamina propia leading to separation of the intestinal crypts. Immunohistochemical stains helped confirm the diagnosis of diffuse intestinal neurofibromatosis. A thorough clinical evaluation failed to reveal any stigmata of generalized neurofibromatosis. This case represents a rare presentation of isolated intestinal neurofi bromatosis in a patient without classic systemic manifestations of generalized neurofibromatosis and highlights the need in such cases for close clinical follow-up to exclude neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ or multiple endocrine neoplasia type Ⅱ. | J Elliot Carter Javier A Laurini | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，42： | 9 |
| 11 | 机械响应干细胞在颌骨再生中获得神经嵴命运的机制显示文摘Ransom RC,Carter AC,Salhotra A,et a1.Mechanoresponsive stem cells acquire neural crestfate in jaw regeneration.Nature,2018Oct 24.在胚胎发育和成体组织再生期间.由主转录因子驱动的染色质结构的变化导致刺激响应性转录程序。彻底了解骨骼中的干细胞如何响应机械刺激并实现再生.将揭示在再生过程中力如何转换到细胞核中。在这里.作者开发了一种遗传上可分析的下颌骨牵引成骨小鼠模型:这是一种用于矫正人类小下颌的手术.包括手术分离颌骨,从而在间隙中触发新的骨骼生长。使用该模型显示新形成的骨的区域源自存在于骨架中的干细胞。染色质和转录分析显示.这些干细胞群在黏着斑激酶(FAK)信号通路内获得活性.并且抑制FAK消除新骨形成。在牵张期间.通过FAK在骨骼干细胞中的机械转导,激活基因调节程序和发育过程中原始神经嵴细胞中激活的反转录转座子。骨骼干细胞从原始神经嵴细胞中产生。这种向发育状态的逆转是促进成体骨骼组织基于干细胞再生的强大组织生长基础。 | Ransom RC Carter AC Salhotra A 赵泽亮 | 2018 | 中国口腔颌面外科杂志2018，16，6： | 9 |
| 12 | Probiotic metabolites from Bacillus coagulans GanedenBC30^(TM) support maturation of antigen-presenting cells in vitro显示文摘AIM:To study the effects of probiotic metabolites on maturation stage of antigen-presenting immune cells.METHODS:Ganeden Bacillus coagulans 30(GBC30) bacterial cultures in log phase were used to isolate the secreted metabolite(MET) fraction.A second fraction was made to generate a crude cell-wall-enriched fraction,by centrifugation and lysis,followed by washing.A preparation of MET was subjected to size exclusion centrifugation,generating three fractions:< 3 kDa,3-30 kDa,and 30-200 kDa and activities were tested in comparison to crude MET and cell wall in primary cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) as a source of antigen-presenting mononuclear phagocytes.The maturation status of mononuclear phagocytes was evaluated by staining with monoclonal antibodies towards CD14,CD16,CD80 and CD86 and analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Treatment of PBMC with MET supported maturation of mononuclear phagocytes toward both macrophage and dendritic cell phenotypes.The biological activity unique to the metabolites included a reduction of CD14+ CD16+ pro-inflammatory cells,and this property was associated with the high molecular weight metabolite fraction.Changes were also seen for the dendritic cell maturation markers CD80 and CD86.On CD14dim cells,an increase in both CD80 and CD86 expression was seen,in contrast to a selective increase in CD86 expression on CD14bright cells.The co-expression of CD80 and CD86 indicates effective antigen presentation to T cells and support of T helper cell differentiation.The selective expression of CD86 in the absence of CD80 points to a role in generating T regulatory cells.CONCLUSION:The data show that a primary mechanism of action of GBC30 metabolites involves support of more mature phenotypes of antigen-presenting cells,important for immunological decision-making. | Kathleen F Benson Kimberlee A Redman Steve G Carter David Keller Sean Farmer John R Endres Gitte S Jensen | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，16： | 8 |
| 13 | The influence of metabolic syndrome and its components on the development of nephrolithiasis显示文摘The prevalence of kidney stone disease is increasing,afflicting 7%-11% of the United States population.Multiple systemic conditions,including obesity and diabetes,are also on the rise.Further,the literature has demonstrated a strong association between metabolic syndrome,its components,and kidney stone disease.In this article,we aim to review the associations of metabolic syndrome and nephrolithiasis,discussing the pathophysiology,urinary parameters,and clinical presentations.With this knowledge,urologists will have a more comprehensive understanding of this complex population of metabolic stone formers enabling improved patient management and treatment of stone disease. | Carter Boyd Kyle Wood Dustin Whitaker Dean G.Assimos | 2018 | Asian Journal of Urology2018，5，4： | 8 |
| 14 | Language awareness显示文摘Language awareness refers to the development in learners of an enhanced consciousness of and sensitivity to the forms and functions of language.The approach has been developed in contexts of both second and foreign language learming,and in mother-tongue language education,where the term'knowledge about langiage'has sometimes been preferred. The concept of language awarenes is not new.van Essen(1997) points to a long tradition in several European coun- | Ronald Carter | 2003 | 基础教育外语教学研究2003，，5： | 7 |
| 15 | Intermittent energy restriction in type 2 diabetes: A short discussion of medication management显示文摘AIM To discuss type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) medication changes required during the popular 5:2 intermittent energy restriction(IER) diet. METHODS A search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL and Cochrane library for original research articles investigating the use of very low calorie diets(VLCD) in people with T2 DM. The search terms used included 'VLCD' or 'very low energy diet' or 'very low energy restriction' or 'IER' or 'intermittent fasting' or 'calorie restriction' or 'diabetes mellitus type 2' and 'type 2 diabetes'. Reference lists of selected articles were also screened for relevant publications. Only research articles written in English, which also included an explanation of medication changes were included. A recent pilot trial using the 5:2 IER method, conducted by our research group, will also be summarized.RESULTS A total of 8 studies were found that investigated the use of VLCD in T2 DM and discussed medication management. Overall these studies indicate that the use of a VLCD for people with T2 DM usually require the cessation of medication to prevent hypoglycemia. Therefore, the 5:2 IER method will also require medication changes, but as seen in our pilot trial, may not require total cessation of medication, rather a cessation on the 2 IER days only. CONCLUSION Guidelines outlined here can be used in the initial stages of a 2-d IER diet, but extensive blood glucose monitoring is still required to make the necessary individual reductions to medications in response to weight loss. | Sharayah Carter Peter M Clifton Jennifer B Keogh | 2016 | World Journal of Diabetes2016，7，20： | 6 |
| 16 | 编写口语语法的十大要点显示文摘一、口语语法研究的基本单位
口语中经常出现与规范语法中的主句或从句概念不相符的语言单位,象词组、成分残缺不全的分句、无所依附的从句等,语言学家对这些现象不应熟视无睹. | Ronald Carter 刘精忠 | 2001 | 国外外语教学2001，，2： | 5 |
| 17 | Safety and predictors of adherence of a new rehabilitation program for older women with congestive heart failure显示文摘ObjectivesTo 与充血的心失败(CHF ) 为老妇人估计一个心脏的康复节目的安全并且决定有 CHF 的超过 65 岁的某些因素影响 adherence.MethodsWomen 是否出席了 physiotherapist 监督的一个锻练节目。生活的质量被纽约心协会(NYHA ) 班被明尼苏达生活与心失败问询表(MLHFQ ) 和疾病的严厉测量。题目会议被分类进出席了 90% 的那些或更多,出席了不到 90%sessions.ResultsFifty 一个题目的那些被学习。八个题目没出席任何会议。43 个参加者,出席的会议的平均百分比是 87% 。在年龄, MLHFQ 或 NYHA 班的二个组之间没有重要差别。仅仅从有的 280 参加者 attendances.ConclusionsThe 节目有一个不利事件在这张人口的坚持的高水平。班没在会话出席上影响的年龄, MLHFQ 或 NYHA。我们的数据建议这个节目为这张人口是安全的。进一步的研究被需要决定出席的另外的预言者和安全问题和长期的坚持的考试在这张人口锻练。 | Nahid A. Azad Kathy Bouchard Alain Mayhew Maureen Carter Frank J. Molnar | 2012 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2012，9，3： | 4 |
| 18 | Size-Dependent Joule Heating of Gold Nanoparticles Using Capacitively Coupled Radiofrequency Fields显示文摘Capacitively coupled shortwave radiofrequency fields(13.56 MHz)resistively heat low concentrations(~1 ppm)of gold nanoparticles with a thermal power dissipation of~380 kW/g of gold.Smaller diameter gold nanoparticles(<50 nm)heat at nearly twice the rate of larger diameter gold nanoparticles(≥50 nm),which is attributed to the higher resistivity of smaller gold nanostructures.A Joule heating model has been developed to explain this phenomenon and provides critical insights into the rational design and engineering of nanoscale materials for noninvasive thermal therapy of cancer. | Christine H.Moran Sean M.Wainerdi Tonya K.Cherukuri Carter Kittrell Benjamin J.Wiley Nolan W.Nicholas Steven A.Curley John S.Kanzius Paul Cherukuri | 2009 | Nano Research2009，2，5： | 4 |
| 19 | 全球疫苗研发态势分析显示文摘1引言自1796年全球首个用于天花预防的牛痘疫苗诞生以来,疫苗已有200多年的发展历史,其研发与应用是20世纪公共卫生领域最伟大的成就之一[1]。在此期间,得益于疫苗的接种,世界卫生组织(WHO)在1979年宣布消灭了天花,2015宣布消灭了II型脊灰野病毒[2]。 | 谢华玲 陈芳 Cynthia Liu Yingzhu Li Yi Deng Jeffrey Smoot Linda Carter 韩涛 杨艳萍 王学昭 | 2019 | 中国生物工程杂志2019，39，5： | 4 |
| 20 | Breath-based meditation: A mechanism to restore the physiological and cognitive reserves for optimal human performance显示文摘Stress can be associated with many physiologicalchanges resulting in significant decrements in human performance.Due to growing interests in alternative and complementary medicine by Westerners,many of the traditions and holistic yogic breathing practices today are being utilized as a measure for healthier lifestyles.These state-of-the-art practices can have a significant impact on common mental health conditions such as depression and generalized anxiety disorder.However,the potential of yogic breathing on optimizing human performance and overall well-being is not well known.Breathing techniques such as alternate nostril,Sudarshan Kriya and bhastrika utilizes rhythmic breathing to guide practitioners into a deep meditative state of relaxation and promote self-awareness.Furthermore,yogic breathing is physiologically stimulating and can be described as a natural'technological'solution to optimize human performance which can be categorized into:(1)cognitive function(i.e.,mind,vigilance);and(2)physical performance(i.e.,cardiorespiratory,metabolism,exercise,whole body).Based on previous studies,we postulate that daily practice of breathing meditation techniques play a significant role in preserving the compensatory mechanisms available to sustain physiological function.This preservation of physiological function may help to offset the time associated with reaching a threshold for clinical expression of chronic state(i.e.,hypertension,depression,dementia)or acute state(i.e.,massive hemorrhage,panic attic)of medical conditions.However,additional rigorous biomedical research is needed to evaluate the physiological mechanisms of various forms of meditation(i.e.,breath-based,mantra,mindfulness)on human performance.These efforts will help to define how compensatory reserve mechanisms of cardiovascular and immune systems are modulated by breath-based meditation.While it has been suggested that breath-based meditation is easier for beginning practitioners when compared to other forms of meditation more research is needed to elucidate these observations.A breath-based meditation sequence suchas Sudarshan Kriya has the potential to help develop an individual’s self-awareness and support better integration of the brain(i.e.,mind)with other organ systems(i.e.,body)for enhanced human performance. | Kirtigandha Salwe Carter Robert Carter III | 2016 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2016，4，4： | 4 |
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