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| 1 | Review of primary sclerosing cholangitis with increased IgG4 levels显示文摘Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) is a chronic progressive liver disease. Subtypes of PSC have been described, most recently PSC with elevated serum and/or tissue IgG4 subclass. We aim to summarise the clinical phenotype,disease associations, differential diagnosis, response to therapy and pathogenic mechanisms underlying PSC-high IgG4 subtype. We reviewed Pub Med,MEDLINE and Embase with the search terms 'primary sclerosing cholangitis','IgG4', and 'IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis(IgG4-SC)'. Elevated serum IgG4 are found in up-to one-quarter, and abundant IgG4-plasma cell infiltrates in the liver and bile ducts are found in up-to one-fifth of PSC patients. This group have a distinct clinical phenotype, with some studies reporting a more aggressive course of liver and associated inflammatory bowel disease, compared to PSCnormal IgG4 and the disease mimic IgG4-SC. Distinguishing PSC-high IgG4 from IgG4-SC remains challenging, requiring careful assessment of clinical features,organ involvement and tissue morphology. Calculation of serum IgG4:IgG1 ratios and use of a novel IgG4:IgG RNA ratio have been reported to have excellent specificity to distinguish IgG4-SC and PSC-high IgG4 but require validation in larger cohorts. A role for corticosteroid therapy in PSC-high IgG4 remains unanswered, with concerns of increased toxicity and lack of outcome data. The immunological drivers underlying prominent IgG4 antibodies in PSC are incompletely defined. An association with PSC-high IgG4 and HLA class-II haplotypes(B*07, DRB1*15), T-helper2 and T-regulatory cytokines(IL4, IL10,IL13) and chemokines(CCL1, CCR8) have been described. PSC-high IgG4 have a distinct clinical phenotype and need careful discrimination from IgG4-SC,although response to immunosuppressive treatments and long-term outcome remains unresolved. The presence of IgG4 likely represents chronic activation to persistent antigenic exposure in genetically predisposed individuals. | Charis D Manganis Roger W Chapman Emma L Culver | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，23： | 5 |
| 2 | Quartz isolation from rocks, sediments and soils for determination of oxygen isotopes composition显示文摘 | Syers J K Chapman S L Jackson M L | 1968 | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta1968，32，： | 2 |
| 3 | Evolving role of magnetic resonance techniques in primary sclerosing cholangitis显示文摘Development of non-invasive methods to risk-stratify patients and predict clinical endpoints have been identified as one of the key research priorities in primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC). In addition to serum and histological biomarkers, there has been much recent interest in developing imaging biomarkers that can predict disease course and clinical outcomes in PSC.Magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRI/MRCP) continue to play a central role in the diagnosis and follow-up of PSC patients. Magnetic resonance(MR) techniques have undergone significant advancement over the last three decades both in MR data acquisition and interpretation. The progression from a qualitative to quantitative approach in MR acquisition techniques and data interpretation, offers the opportunity for the development of objective and reproducible imaging biomarkers that can potentially be incorporated as an additional endpoint in clinical trials. This review article will discuss how the role of MR techniques have evolved over the last three decades from emerging as an alternative diagnostic tool to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, to being instrumental in the ongoing search for imaging biomarker of disease stage, progression and prognosis in PSC. | Emmanuel A Selvaraj Emma L Culver Helen Bungay Adam Bailey Roger W Chapman Michael Pavlides | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，6： | 2 |
| 4 | Development of a regional climate model of the western Arctic 显示文摘 | Lynch A H Chapman W L Walsh J E | 1995 | Journal of Climate1995，8，： | 1 |
| 5 | Construction of random small-insert genomic libraries highly enriched for simple sequence repeats显示文摘 | KARAGYZOV L KALCHIEVA I D CHAPMAN V M | 1993 | Nucleic Acids Re-search1993，21，16： | 1 |
| 6 | A photochemical rearrangement of nitro-olefins显示文摘 | Chapman O L Cleveland P Hoganson E | 1966 | Chem Comm1966，4，： | 1 |
| 7 | The seedling establishment of rice under water in relating to temperature and dissolved oxygen显示文摘 | Chapman A L Peterson M L | 1962 | Crop Sci1962，2，： | 1 |
| 8 | Surgical and radiological management of uterine fibroids in the UK显示文摘 | Chapman L Magos A | 2006 | Current Opinion Obstet Gynecol2006，18，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Comparison of photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking techniques显示文摘 | Trishan Esram Chapman P L | 2007 | IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion2007，22，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Pilot Ignited Premixed Combustion of Dimethyl Ether in a Turbo Diesel Engine 显示文摘 | CHAPMAN E M BOEHMAN A L | 2008 | Fuel Processing Technology2008，89，： | 1 |
| 11 | DNA binding- dependent and - independent functions of the Hand2 transcription factor during mouse embryogenesis显示文摘 | LIU N BARBOSA A C CHAPMAN S L | 2009 | Development2009，136，6： | 1 |
| 12 | A Contribution to the theory of electro- capillarity显示文摘 | Chapman D L | 1913 | Philosophical Magazine1913，25，： | 1 |
| 13 | Recent decrease of sea level pressure in the central arctic显示文摘 | Walsh J E Chapman W L Shy T L | 1996 | J Climate1996，9，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Seasonal changes in the structure and function of mitochondrial membrances of artichoke tubers:a requisite for surviving low temperatures during dormancy显示文摘 | CHAPMAN E WRIGHT L C RAISON J K | 1979 | Plant Physiol1979，，63： | 1 |
| 15 | Parent material uniformity and origin of silty soils in northwest Arkansas based on zirconium titanium eontents显示文摘 | Chapman S L Horn M E | 1968 | Soil Science Society of America Proceedings1968，32，： | 1 |
| 16 | TWEAK signals through JAK-STAT to induce tumor cell apoptosis显示文摘 | Chapman MS Wu L Amatucci A | 2013 | Cytokine2013，61，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Control of AMPK-related kinases by USP9X and atypical Lys(29)/Lys(33)-linked polyubiquitin chains显示文摘 | Al-Hakim A K Zagorska A Chapman L | 2008 | Biochem J2008，411，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Association analysis of the interleukin 17 genes IL17A and IL17F as potential osteoarthritis susceptibility Ioci显示文摘 | Southam L Heath O Chapman K | 2006 | Ann Rheum Dis2006，65，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Emerging therapies in the long-term management of hyperuricemia and gout 显示文摘 | Stamp L K O'Donnell J L Chapman P T | 2007 | Intern Med J2007，37，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Cockroach allergens and their role in asthma editor allergy and aller- gic disease显示文摘 | Chapman M D Vailes L D Haeden M L | 1996 | Blackweil Science Ltd1996，，： | 1 |
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