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| 1 | Biological response to prosthetic debris显示文摘Joint arthroplasty had revolutionized the outcome of orthopaedic surgery. Extensive and collaborative work of many innovator surgeons had led to the development of durable bearing surfaces, yet no single material is considered absolutely perfect. Generation of wear debris from any part of the prosthesis is unavoidable. Implant loosening secondary to osteolysis is the most common mode of failure of arthroplasty. Osteolysis is the resultant of complex contribution of the generated wear debris and the mechanical instability of the prosthetic components. Roughly speaking, all orthopedic biomaterials may induce a universal biologic hostresponse to generated wear débris with little specific characteristics for each material; but some debris has been shown to be more cytotoxic than others. Prosthetic wear debris induces an extensive biological cascade of adverse cellular responses, where macrophages are the main cellular type involved in this hostile inflammatory process. Macrophages cause osteolysis indirectly by releasing numerous chemotactic inflammatory mediators, and directly by resorbing bone with their membrane microstructures. The bio-reactivity of wear particles depends on two major elements: particle characteristics(size, concentration and composition) and host characteristics. While any particle type may enhance hostile cellular reaction, cytological examination demonstrated that more than 70% of the debris burden is constituted of polyethylene particles. Comprehensive understanding of the intricate process of osteolysis is of utmost importance for future development of therapeutic modalities that may delay or prevent the disease progression. | Diana Bitar Javad Parvizi | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，2： | 16 |
| 2 | Celiac disease in Middle Eastern and North African countries:A new burden?显示文摘Celiac disease(CD) is now recognized as a common disorder among Middle Eastern(ME) and North African(NA) populations.The aim of this review is to assess the available data regarding CD in the ME and NA and to compare this information with that of Western countries.A literature review was performed using the electronic databases PubMed and Medline(1950-2008) as search engines,and 'celiac disease' was used as a Mesh term.The search was limited to ME and NA countries.The prevalence of CD in ME and NA countries among low risk populations is similar to that of Western countries,but is higher in high risk populations such as those with type 1 diabetes.It is underestimated because of lack of clinical suspicion and lack of patient awareness.Clinical presentations in term of gastrointestinal,hematologic,skeletal,and liver manifestations are similar between both populations except for a high prevalence of short stature in some ME and NA countries.Few studies have addressed atypical or silent CD.As in the West,diagnosis is initially made by serological tests and is confirmed by small intestinal biopsies.Gluten-free diet is the main mode of treatment with a higher apparent adherence rate than in the West.Most disease complications result from malabsorption.The disease is strongly associated with HLA DQ2 and to a lesser extent with HLA DQ8 alleles.In conclusion,CD prevalence is underestimated,with little data available about its malignant complications.Disease parameters in the ME and NA are otherwise similar to those in Western countries. | Kassem Barada Abbas Bitar Mohamad Abdul-Razak Mokadem Jana Ghazi Hashash Peter Green | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，12： | 2 |
| 3 | Tissue engineering for neuromuscular disorders of the gastrointestinal tract显示文摘The digestive tract is designed for the optimal processing of food that nourishes all organ systems.The esophagus,stomach,small bowel,and colon are sophisticated neuromuscular tubes with specialized sphincters that transport ingested food-stuffs from one region to another.Peristaltic contractions move ingested solids and liquids from the esophagus into the stomach;the stomach mixes the ingested nutrients into chyme and empties chyme from the stomach into the duodenum.The to-and-fro movement of the small bowel maximizes absorption of fat,protein,and carbohydrates.Peristaltic contractions are necessary for colon function and defecation. | Kenneth L Koch Khalil N Bitar John E Fortunato Khalil N Bitar | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，47： | 2 |
| 4 | The GSK-3betaJFyn/Nrf2 pathway in fibroblasts and woun- ds of type 2 diabetes: On the road to an evidence-based therapy of non- healing wounds显示文摘 | Bitar MS | 2012 | Adipocyte2012，1，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Study of diabetic foot infections显示文摘 | Abdulrazak A Bitar Z I Al-Shamali A A | 2005 | J Diabetes Complications2005，19，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Tropomyosin interacts with phosphorylated HSP27 in agonist-induced contraction of smooth muscle显示文摘 | Somara S Bitar KN | 2004 | Am J Physiol Cell Physiol2004，286，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Nitric oxide dynam- ics and endothelial dysfunction in type II model of genetic diabetes显示文摘 | Bitar M S Wahid S Mustafa S | 2005 | European Journal of Pharmacology2005，511，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Effect of different cooling rates on thermo-mechanically processed high-strength rebar steel显示文摘 | Zaky A I Morsy A E Bitar T E | 2009 | Materials Processing Technology2009，209，： | 1 |
| 9 | The as- sociation between mode of delivery and developmental dyspla- sia of the hip in breech infants: a systematic review of 9 co- hort studies 显示文摘 | PANAGIOTOPOULOU N BITAR K HART W J | 2012 | Aeta Orthop Belg2012，78，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Inflammation andapoptosis in aortic tissues of aged type II diabetes : amelioration withalpha-lipoic acid through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent mechanism显示文摘 | Bitar MS Ayed AK Abdel-Halim SM | 2010 | Life Sci2010，86，2324： | 1 |
| 11 | Inflammation and apoptosis in aortic tissues of aged type Ⅱ diabetes:amelioration with alpha-lipoic acid through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-de-pendent mechanism 显示文摘 | BITAR M S AYED A K ABDEL-HALIM S M | 2010 | Life Sci2010，86，2324： | 1 |
| 12 | Garcinol regulates EMT and Writ signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo, leading to anticancer activity against breast cancer ceils 显示文摘 | Ahmad A Sarkar SH Bitar B | 2012 | Mol Cancer Ther2012，11，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Effects of ephedrine on the onset time of neuromuscular block and intubating conditions after cisatracurium:preliminary results显示文摘 | Albert F Hans P Bitar Y | 2000 | Acta Anaesthesiol Belg2000，51，3： | 1 |
| 14 | HSP27 phosphorylation and interaction with actin-myosin in smooth muscle contraction显示文摘 | Bitar KN | 2002 | Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol2002，282，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Congenital heart disease at a tertiary care center in Lebanon 显示文摘 | Bitar FF Baltaji N Dbaibo G | 1999 | Middle East J Anesthesiol1999，15，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Raf kinase inhibitor protein RKIP enhances signaling by glycogen synthase kinase-3β 显示文摘 | Al-Mulla F Bitar MS Al-Maghrebi M | 2011 | Cancer Res2011，71，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Exclusive cardiac dysfunc- tion in familial primary carnitine deficiency cases:a genotypephe- notype correlation 显示文摘 | Yarnak AA Bitar F Karam P | 2007 | Clin Genet2007，72，59： | 1 |
| 18 | Overexpression of ornithine-δ-aminotransferase increases proline biosynthesis and confers osmotolerance in transgenic plants显示文摘 | Nancy H. Roosens Fawaz Al Bitar Kristof Loenders Geert Angenon Michel Jacobs | 2002 | Molecular Breeding2002，，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Evolutionary dynamics of complete Campylobacter pan-genomes and the bacterial species concept显示文摘 | Lefrbure T Bitar PDP Suzuki H | 2010 | Genome Biology and Evolution2010，2，： | 1 |
| 20 | A comparative study on ferritin concentration in serum and bilateral bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with peripheral lung cancer versus control subjects显示文摘 | Fracchia A Ubbiali A EI Bitar O | 1999 | Oncology1999，56，： | 1 |
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